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Senast inlagda

A Blind Spot in Construction: An investigation into the prevalence and perception of construction logistics management
(2024) Campbell, Erik John; van der Horst, Floris
Logistics is an integral part of any current day construction project, with a growing importance as a result of urbanization and sustainability efforts. However, it is still unclear as to how these logistical tasks are managed on construction sites on a daily basis. Combining data from a set of on-site observations with qualitative data from interviews with members of site management, logistics experts, and recruiters, we highlight the prevalence and perceptions regarding logistical management in construction. Following which we can conclude that logistics takes up a significant amount of supervisors’ time and effort, while not being met with requisite presence in recruitment and job specifications. Currently logistics is often seen as an activity to enable other work efforts, resulting it often being performed in a reactive fashion. Instead, allocating logistics to those specialised in it or building further knowledge on how to interact with logistics, can provide multiple benefits connected to quality, cost, and time by further planning and streamlining logistics flows ahead of time
How contractors implement environmentally sustainable building: A study of compliance with environmental requirements across project organizations for municipal construction projects
(2024) Björk Filander, Linn; Mattsson, Emilia
The continuous growth of the building and construction industry contributes to the sector accounting for one-third of all global greenhouse gas emissions. To reduce emissions and achieve more environmental sustainability in construction, environmentally sustainable directives must be followed globally and nationally. Today, clients are imposing increasingly stringent environmental requirements on their projects, posing a challenge for contractors to meet these demands and align the entire project organization towards the same goal. The study aims to investigate how environmental requirements are followed and complied with throughout the process of construction projects, as well as what drives and hinders their successful fulfillment. To investigate this, a case study was conducted in collaboration with Veidekke, focusing on two public projects located in Gothenburg, Sweden. Relevant actors from both projects were interviewed, including subcontractors, suppliers, site managers, and environmental managers. Furthermore, documents from both projects, such as contracts and environmental plans, were analyzed. The study finds that formulation and organizational issues hinder adherence to environmental requirements in the projects. It also highlights inconsistencies and lack of clarity in contract formulation and implementation, emphasizing the necessity of a monitoring system and clear production follow-up procedures, with a focus on leadership. To enhance compliance with environmental requirements in construction projects, contractors must clearly frame environmental standards for their subcontractors and suppliers. Early inclusion could ensure improved integration of the requirements throughout the project. Furthermore, it is advantageous to have a responsible person in the organization who is solely focused on environmental issues to ensure thorough attention already from the procurement phase into the production phase. An individual who is also responsible for monitoring routines and motivating environmental work throughout the project organization.
Investigation of the predictability of porous ceiling absorbers with large cavities
(2024) Jonasson, Johanna
Modern construction often accommodates large installations, leading to unwanted large air cavities between the acoustic ceiling and floor structure. This raises concerns about the absorption coefficient of the porous absorbers and its impact on room acoustics. Porous ceiling absorber suppliers typically do not provide data for cavities larger than 400 mm, leading to potential inaccuracies in predicted reverberation times and challenges in achieving optimal acoustic environments. This study investigates the impact of large cavities above porous ceiling absorbers by creating a model based on the transfer matrix model and Delany-Bazley’s impedance prediction method. The model is developed to predict the absorption coefficient of acoustic ceilings, and its accuracy is validated through measurements and software simulations. Even if the model is limited to calculating infinite areas and only using Daleny-Bazley’s impedance model, which is not the most accurate, the results show problems for the absorption coefficient with variation in the cavities and the airflow resistivity. The results show that porous absorbers have a higher absorption at higher frequencies and that an air gap increases the overall absorption but has a minimal influence at high frequencies. However, increasing the absorber’s thickness or airflow resistivity does not always result in better absorption, especially with large air cavities. In cases with high airflow resistivity, the absorption at low frequencies can even decrease. The thesis also discusses the edge effect that occurs in reverberation room measurement, positive and negative influences on the classification of absorbers, and the challenges that building acousticians face. Further measurements and research on mounted ceiling systems are necessary for future work. The model needs to be developed for finite areas and with a more complex impedance prediction method for it to be adapted to real-world scenarios.