Energy Efficiency Potential of the European Building Stock
Ladda ner
Typ
Examensarbete för masterexamen
Master Thesis
Master Thesis
Program
Industrial ecology (MPTSE), MSc
Publicerad
2013
Författare
Hanna, Lundevall
Tri-Cang, Ding
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
ISSN
Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
The building sector in France represents 44% of the national total final energy consumption and 25% of the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, this sector is of great importance when aiming for the globally recognised 2°C target, where a reduction in energy demand and CO2 emissions account for two of the three main goals related to climate change. By applying ten different energy saving measures (ESMs) on the building sector using the Energy, Carbon and Cost Assessment for Building Stocks model (ECCABS), this thesis assesses potential energy savings, CO2 emissions mitigation and cost-effectiveness of each ESM. The energy, CO2 emissions and cost-efficiency assessments should not be implemented individually, but rather evaluated in parallel looking at each of the building archetypes. However, for summarising, the biggest savings potentials are found in single-family dwellings and the main energy and emissions savings are shown to be connected to insulation measures. Due to the high share of low emissive electricity used for space heating and the comparably high carbon intensity of heat production in France, there is a complex relationship between electricity, space heating and the CO2 emissions created by some of the measures. For example, by increasing the efficiency of appliances and lighting devices, the CO2 emissions tend to rise. The ESMs give a cost-effective saving potential of around 150TWh and 20MtCO2 annually, i.e. a reduction of 20% and 24%, respectively. An annual investment of €59 billion would potentially save 329TWh, representing 50% of the present energy consumption in the French building sector, as well as 51MtCO2 (56%) per year. This thesis verifies the technical potential’s accuracy of the ECCABS model and its transferability to different building stocks. The model is a relatively quick tool for investigating different energy saving measures and can be used for rough evaluations of contemplated energy policies’ cost-efficiency.
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
Energi , Grundläggande vetenskaper , Hållbar utveckling , Maskinteknik , Energy , Basic Sciences , Sustainable Development , Mechanical Engineering