Evaluation of Anthropomorphic Test Devices under Seatbelt Pre-Pretensioner Loading - Collecting volunteer subjects data for crash test dummies characterization towards further development of active restraints
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Typ
Examensarbete för masterexamen
Master Thesis
Master Thesis
Program
Automotive engineering (MPAUT), MSc
Publicerad
2013
Författare
Develet, Jean-Adrien
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
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Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
Pre-pretensioners are active and reversible devices that apply light tension to the seatbelt (less than 300N) which pulls road vehicle occupants rearwards and reduce the backset (head-to-head restraint horizontal distance). This action has been found to have the potential to reduce the number of whiplash injuries in rear impacts. However, pre-pretensioners induced a new load case on current Anthropomorphic Test Devices (ATDs) for which they have not been validated. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the biofidelity of ATDs under pre-pretensioner loading in a stationary environment. A literature review resulted in eleven testing positions that either occur frequently (backset exceeding recommendations) or have high injury potential (leaning far forward at the driver and front passenger seats). Experiments were conducted with four groups of research subjects (N=2 AF05, N=9 AF50, N=8 AM50 and N=10 AM95). The first phase of the work was the evaluation of the biofidelity of two AM50 ATDs (the BioRID-II and the THOR-NT). The second phase consisted of evaluating the differences in response induced by the rear seat as compared to the front seat. The third and last phase aimed at quantifying the effect of anthropometry on the response to PPT loading and involved AM50 and AF05 volunteer subjects. Corridors for global kinematics and seatbelt force were generated based on data from experimentations on volunteer subjects. ATD responses were compared to the corridors in terms of amplitude, peak occurrence and shape. For slight out-of-position cases (backset ~80mm), the THOR-NT was found to be close to relaxed volunteers and the BioRID-II to tense volunteers; both were suitable for pre-pretensioner testing. Although the BioRID-II results were closer to the corridors than the THOR-NT results in the far forward leaning positions, neither showed sufficiently large rearward motions and head rotations to fit the corridors. Furthermore, head rotations were problematic for both ATDs in the three test positions. Therefore, construction changes to both the spine, pelvis and occipital joints are suggested in order to improve the biofidelity of BioRID-II and THOR-NT in far forward leaning positions. The rearward motion was found to happen faster at the rear seat as compared to the front seat, based on AM50 corridors. Repositioning AF05 subjects was found to be quicker than that of AM50 subjects. Part of the present work was the object of a manuscript orally presented at the 9th Injury Biomechanics Symposium, organized by the Injury Biomechanics Research Laboratory of Ohio State University, in May 2013.
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
Transport , Farkostteknik , Transport , Vehicle Engineering