Aspects of Sustainable Wastewater Treatement - A Case Study of AkzoNobel PPC Conducting MFA of Nitrogen
Ladda ner
Typ
Examensarbete för masterexamen
Master Thesis
Master Thesis
Program
Industrial ecology (MPTSE), MSc
Publicerad
2017
Författare
Karlsson, Victoria
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
ISSN
Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
Water is a building block of life as well as being a valuable energy source. Ensuring that water bodies are not harmed by human actions is essential. Laws and policies govern water management including the general framework of wastewater treatment. Wastewater from industrial processes can contain toxic pollutants and nutrients which cause eutrophication and must therefore be properly treated. In this study AkzoNobel Pulp and Performance Chemicals in Bohus, Sweden, and its’ central wastewater treatment plant, Centrala Reningsverket (CRV), are used as case examples. In the CRV there has been an issue of growth of biological matter which has a possible correlation with the trend of the increasing suspended solids concentration. To assess if the growth was dependent on the nutrient nitrogen, two different types of studies were conducted. Firstly, a growth identification was attempted which resulted in the conclusion that it consists of different species of bacteria, algae and uni-cellular organisms. Secondly, two Material Flow Analysis (MFA) studies were conducted where the stocks and flows of nitrogen were mapped. One MFA was conducted over the entire Bohus site and one was conducted over the CRV to see if there existed any correlations with the growth. Large stocks and flows of nitrogen do exist at the Bohus site. The results for the MFA of the CRV were statistically uncertain, however, they did hint towards a correlation with the growth. This indicates that the hypothesis regarding the growth being dependent on nitrogen as a nutrient is most likely correct. For removal of biological growth, disinfectants such as Chloride compounds are the most common approach, however these are highly toxic to higher life forms and microorganisms. To hinder further growth, wastewater flows with higher nitrogen concentrations should be rerouted away from the CRV when possible. It is necessary to treat wastewater so as to not pollute water bodies or poison human, animal and plant life. However, the treatment methods should be of a sustainable nature to ensure no adverse effects occur elsewhere. Wastewater treatment is a very energy intensive process whereas both facilities and technologies used should be energy efficient.
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
Energi , Hållbar utveckling , Miljövetenskap , Energy , Sustainable Development , Environmental Sciences