Svartvattenhantering inom kryssningsindustrin - Utmaningar inför kommande lagstiftning i Östersjön
Typ
Examensarbete för kandidatexamen
Bachelor Thesis
Bachelor Thesis
Program
Sjöfart och logistik (180 hp)
Publicerad
2017
Författare
Donlau, Jonna
Toft, Emma
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
ISSN
Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
The Baltic Sea is severely affected by eutrophication. One source to this problem is the ship’s discharges of sewage containing nutrients, which contributes to algal bloom and eventually a dead seabed. The nutritional supply coming from the marine sewage spill is a relatively small part of the eutrophication problem but can have a significant local influence. It is still legal to discharge sewage in the Baltic Sea today, but during the year 2019/2021, the emissions will be regulated for passenger ships. The upcoming legal requirement will leave the ships with two options which involve either investing in their own treatment onboard or leave all sewage in port. Counted from a number of international cruise ships visiting the Baltic Sea during the summer season, approximately 30 % are leaving their sewage in port (HELCOM, 2014). The purpose of this report is to examine the eventual challenges with sewage treatment within the cruise industry for the upcoming regulations in the Baltic Sea. Both current limitation factors and possible improvements are being investigated. The method chosen to answer the questions was carried out by sending online questionnaires to ports and shipping companies, qualitative interviews with five different representatives from the industry and lastly an analysis of collected information. The result of the study has proven that many different limitation factors within the sewage treatment are existing today. A big gap prevails between the port’s capacity and the setting of costs against what the cruise ships consider to be adequate. The upcoming regulations are not only expected to set requirements on ships and their onboard systems, but also the port and its reception capacity. Ports with a larger amount of cruise calls are more likely to possess fixed facilities and an indirectly cost model. Therefore, more cruise ships tend to leave their sewage in these ports. All respondents agree on the fact that the communication between ships and ports should be improved.
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
Transportteknik och logistik , Transport , Transport Systems and Logistics , Transport