A Desulphurization Study of Sour Gas in Petroleum Refining

Typ
Examensarbete på grundnivå
Program
Kemiteknik 180 hp (högskoleingenjör)
Publicerad
2019
Författare
Abulkheir, Randa
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Sammanfattning
In this work, a detailed comparison of three desulphurization methods (chemical solvents, physical solvents, and solid beds) are evaluated, with focus on proposing a suitable gas sweetening method applicable to the vacuum distillation off-gases in Nynas Gothenburg refinery. To obtain necessary input data for the evaluation, a gas measurement method was developed to extract gases using a modified gas syringe with check valves. The extracted gases were analysed to detect their concentrations using colorimetric gas detection tubes coupled with a tube hand pump. The compounds measured are hydrogen sulphide, mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, carbon disulphide, carbonyl sulphide, sulphur dioxide, water vapor, and oxygen. The experiments were carried out on two separate dates while the refinery was on two different drift modes, mode 200 and mode 412. The measured concentrations showed that with drift mode 200, hydrogen sulphide is 45 ppm, and mercaptans >24000 ppm (>2.4 w/w%). For drift mode 412, the concentration for both hydrogen sulphide and mercaptan were above detection limit (>1000ppm). However, with the use of a triazine physical solvent Prosweet, the concentration of hydrogen sulphide was measured to be 3 ppm, and mercaptans 50 ppm, with 85w/w% of the mercaptans being ethyl mercaptan. Based on this data, the most effective desulphurization method according to literature is solid beds, specifically molecular sieves. However, this method needs to be verified by desulphurization experiment for the specific case before an engineering study of its feasibility can be performed. Based on the data available in this evaluation, the proposed method for Nynas Gothenburg is therefore a physical solvent, specifically triazine, although this method also requires further testing, in particular with the new feed stock “Europa”, to verify the effectiveness of the method, before applying it in the refinery.
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Energiteknik , Kemiteknik , Energy Engineering , Chemical Engineering
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