Blood Flow in Dissected Aortas After Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Typ
Examensarbete för masterexamen
Program
Applied mechanics (MPAME), MSc
Publicerad
2021
Författare
Subramaniasivam, Vishal
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
ISSN
Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
Every passing hour, 2050 people die due to cardiovascular diseases, a third of them occurring prematurely before the age of 70. An aortic dissection is a condition where a sudden tear in the aortic wall forces blood to enter between the layers of the wall, subsequently splitting the wall and creating a new channel for blood. Untreated aortic dissections have a mortality rate of 80% at two weeks from the initial tear and treated aortic dissections have a mortality rate of 40% at five years. One treatment option is Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR), which involves placing one or several implants known as stent-grafts or endografts on the inner surface of the aorta. About 38% of TEVAR procedures come with post-procedural complications
and approximately 19% to 24% require secondary re-interventions. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations can be used as a tool to predict post-procedural complications from a fluid mechanical perspective. In this study, the comparison of two post-surgical lumen scenarios is reported by conducting blood simulations using OpenFOAM, an open-source CFD tool. A study is also done on the non-Newtonian nature of blood and results are reported on the influence of using a non-Newtonian viscosity model as opposed to a Newtonian (constant viscosity) model. Validation of the computational grid and the viscosity model is done against experimental results retrieved from another study that used porcine blood.
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
aorta , blood , non-Newtonian , viscosity , wall shear stress , TEVAR , OpenFOAM , vorticity , dissections , shear-thinning