ARK263 I autumn 2022 Vårdcentral Vadstena Group 2 Philipp Feichtinger Axel Jakobsson Olsson Michael Wieser Group 2 2 / 32Introduction Introduction Primary care for Vadstena Vadstena Jönköping Linköping Norrköping Sweden Östergötland county Lake Vättern Baltic Sea Our assignment was to design a new primary care center, Vårdcentral in Swedish, for Vadstena. Vad- stena is a town in Sweden’s Östergötland county, roughly 240 kilometres away from both Gothenburg and Stockholm. The town has a long history in healthcare, dating back to a medieval monastery that cared for the sick and injured, until this day, where one of Östergötland’s biggest forensic psy- chiatries is located here. The current primary care centre has gotten too small by now, and did not fit the needs of a mod- ern healthcare facility any longer. For this reason the regional healthcare authority decided to build a new primary care centre for Vadstena, on a site that also has a long history in healthcare architec- ture: The surrounding buildings used to be part of a big Pavillon-style hospital complex built between 1947 and 1961. These former hospital buildings however were reused over time, and today only the old primary care centre is still used as a healthcare facility. Our task Stockholm Gothenburg Vadstena Malmö Forensic psychiatry Our site Former hospital area Current primary care centre Group 2 3 / 32 Part 1 Analysis and concept Group 2 4 / 32Analysis and concept Context Site analysis Roads and connections The site can be accessed by several walking paths connecting it to the city centre and to lake Vättern. It is also accessible by car and a park- ing lot is already on the site. 1 Main axis There are several straight axis running through the city layout defining big orthogonal spaces in-between. 2 Orthogonal vs organic The historic hospital buildings in the surround- ing area are all orthogonal and placed along an overall grid. This contrasts to the organic street layout. 3 Tilted city layout The orthogonal grid, that the surrounding build- ings follow, is tilted by 7 degrees. 4 Distance green The green spaces between the buildings are vast, underused lawns, resembling the typical distance green spaces typical for 1960s archi- tecture. 5 No front- or backside Our site has no distinct front- or back side. It can be accessed from all directions equally, making it difficult to define an entrance area. 6 Roads and connections1 Main axis2 Orthogonal vs organic3 Tilted city layout4 Distance green5 No front- or backside P 6 0-5 minutes Walking distance from site 5-10 minutes Walking distance from site 10-15 minutes Walking distance from site Group 2 5 / 32 Context Material moodboard Analysis and concept Analysis and conceptGroup 2 6 / 32 Design strategies Connecting nature and built environment1 Activating waiting areas and circulation2 Creating attractors3 Common waiting area, central hub4 Improving existing landscape design 6 Combining dental care and primary care centre5 Reusing existing buildings7 Creating an adaptable, future- proof structure8 Connecting nature and built environment Our design should interlink the buildings to the surrounding, letting the nature flow through the interior, as relatedness to greenery provably has health promoting effects on both patients and staff. 1 Activating waiting areas and circulation Patients will spend most of their time in this facil- ity in the waiting area. Therefore we should pay close attention to an active, appealing waiting area making waiting times more enjoyable. 2 Creating attractors Our neighbourhood and especially Birgitta square lacks attractors other than healthcare facilities, that bring people to our site and make them want to spend time there. 3 Common waiting area, central hub In accordance to our second design strategy, we want to combine all waiting rooms into one cen- tral hub, to make the facility and it’s flows more clear to the patient. 4 Combining dental care and primary care Certain functions, such as administration, staff areas or conference rooms, can be shared be- tween both departments. 5 Improving existing landscape design Our site currently lacks decent landscape plan- ning, leaving it’s vast areas of distance green unused. In our landscape design proposal we want to create a more articulated and more bio- diverse surrounding. 6 Reusing existing building Following the ideas of sustainable architecture, we want to reuse the buildings that are already on the site in our proposal. 7 Creating an adaptable, future-proof structure Our design should feature an adaptable fu- ture-proof structure enabling easy alterations. 8 Health promotion Brief & logistics Site & context Sustainability Analysis and conceptGroup 2 7 / 32 Challenging the brief One common waiting area In the original brief, every unit has it’s own sep- arate waiting room. We want to combine these rooms into one big waiting area. Nevertheless, this waiting space should allow for partitions, creating different zones for children or elderly. 1 Combined administration area The brief given to us proposes two separate administration and staff areas for the dental care unit and the primary care unit. We decided to merge these two areas into one, to reduce cer- tain spaces by sharing them between the units. 2 Adding an attractor To invite more people to our site, and to reac- tivate the now-abandoned Birgitta square, we decided to add a multi-generation café in the building adjoining the square. The café is sup- posed to be an open space, that can be used for different activities by the young, as well as the growing elderly population of Vadstena. 3 Original brief Our proposal Separate waiting rooms for every unit One common waiting area Separate administration areas for PC and dental care Combined administration area conference room offices copy room conference room copy room offices No connection to Birgitta Torg and the surrounding neighbourhood Adding the multi-generation café that serves as attractor Birgitta Torg VC Vadstena Birgitta Torg VC Vadstena + Multi-generation café + Design strategy: Combining dental care and primary care centre Design strategy: Creating attractors Design strategy: Activating waiting areas and circulation Design strategy: Common waiting area, central hub 1 2 3 1 2 Analysis and conceptGroup 2 8 / 32 Challenging the brief Before and after Primary care Family centre Dental care Common spaces Original brief Primary care Family centre Dental care Common spaces Additional spaces Others: circulation, corridors, technical areas, walls and structure Unused basement spaces for later extension Our proposal Unused basement spaces 1079,50 m2 Others: circulation, corridors, technical areas, walls and structure 69,00 m2 240,00 m2 109,00 m2 1502,50 m2 TOTAL 3000,00 m2 1127,36 m2 72,75 m2 255,37 m2 125,15 m2 276,06 m2 TOTAL 2986,12 m2 1129,43 m2 364,00 m2 Additional spaces Public, multi-generation-café 247,60 m2 Staff sauna 16,12 m2 Staff additional coffee corner 12,34 m2 According to our challenge of the brief, we add- ed extra floor space to implement our multi-gen- eration café. Moreover we also added a sauna room and a coffee corner for staff members. 1 Examination rooms and waiting area Examination rooms old 484,00 m2 Examination rooms new 414,39 m2 In order to create a floor plan layout that allows for easy changes, we merged all different examina- tion room types into one standard room for both, administrative work and examination. Separate waiting rooms old 65,00 m2 Combined waiting area new 83,00 m2 Our intention to create a combined, generous waiting area led us to adding additional square meters to our waiting zone compared to the origi- nal brief. 2 Total PC unit Design strategy: Common waiting area Design strategy: Creating attractors Design strategy: Creating an adaptable, future proof structure Total PC unit Group 2 9 / 32 Part 2 Design proposal GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion Design proposalGroup 2 10 / 32 Design concept Existing buildings Existing structures on the site The two buildings that are currently on our site were part of the original hospital area, built in the 1960s. Keeping building 1 was already determined in our task description. Whether to keep building 2 or not was a main question in the early stages of our design process. In accordance with the ideas of sustainable architecture, we eventually decided to keep building 1, facing Birgitta square, entirely, as well as major parts of building 2, like the basement, foundation and parts of the façade. Before intervention After intervention Building 1 Building 2 Pro: • Strong structure, a floor can be added • Lots of embodied energy • It has a basement (which could not be added to a new structure, according to the town’s detail plan) • It fits the surrounding architecture Should building 2 be kept? Contra: • Not wheelchair-accessible • No thermal insulation • No inviting entry situation • Too low ceiling heights to fit building ser- vices such as ventilation • Narrow typology with long corridors Conclusion and measures: • Major parts of the building should be kept considering sustainability • An additional floor as well as an extension must be added to fit the brief • The top ceiling should be removed to allow for higher ceilings • Major changes are necessary to create an inviting, wheelchair-accessi- ble entry situation from both sides of the building • The northern façade should be removed to allow for a wider typology • All added parts should be a reinterpretation, but not a copy of the sur- rounding architectural style GSEducationalVersion Design proposalGroup 2 11 / 32 Design concept Development Analysing the existing building1 Defining the internal structure2 Fitting the brief3 Final building shape4 Analysing the existing Building We started designing by analysing the structural grid of the existing building, and kept this grid for our extensions. 1 2 Defining the internal structure Regarding the two main directions to approach the building, we decided to place the entrance axis with two entries from both, the north and the south. The southern entrance area articulates a gap between the preserved façade and our addition. Removing the northern façade allows for a more generous typology, with a wide inner space to accommodate our waiting area. According to our design strategies, this zone should feature greenery, creating a connection between inside and outside. 3 Fitting the brief The internal structure is organised in two rows of rooms on the north and south side of the edifice. The northern part has two floors, while the southern part is only one floor high, to allow for sunlight to reach deep into the building and to illuminate the central waiting area. Because of it’s lower ceiling height, building 1 is not suited to accommodate examination rooms, due to their higher demand for technical spaces. Therefore we decided to place all administration and staff areas there. 4 Final building shape These two rows are covered by a roof, uniting them to become one shape. The roof shape is a reinterpretation of the gabled roofs in the surrounding area. A big glazed opening lets light penetrate the envelope. An additional 500 m2 can be added by continuing this system further to the east. Entrance area & gap between old and new Central wait- ing area with greenery Placing rooms and units Sunlight Possible 500 m2 extension Roof structure with big opening Analysing existing grid Lower ceiling heights: administration and staff Building 2Building 1 Design proposalGroup 2 12 / 32 Design concept Structure An adaptable, future-proof structure In accordance with our design strategies we tried to design a building structure that is sustainable, durable, and easy to adapt. We decided to use a timber-skeleton system combined with slabs made from cross-laminated timber, keeping the structure free of load bearing walls and allowing for changes of the internal partitioning walls. GSEducationalVersion Glazing with shading Roof structure clad with reused roof tiles taken from the old building Rafters Timber Slabs Cross-laminated timber (CLT) Load bearing structure Skeleton structure made from timber Reused buildings Timber skeleton structure: Steico headquarter, Feldkirchen, Germany Cross-Laminated timber slabs: KLH system Design strategy: Reusing existing buildings Design strategy: Creating an adaptable, future-proof structure + Design proposalGroup 2 13 / 32 Design concept Axonometry GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion Design proposalGroup 2 14 / 32 Zoning Staff & goods Elevator & staircase No public access: staff and administration, storage Public access: examination rooms, waiting area Primary care Family centre Dental care Common spaces Multi-generation café Others: circulation, corridors, technical areas Unused basement spaces for later extension Patients Elevator & staircase Staff & emergency Staircase Access Departments 2nd 1st 0 GSEducationalVersion Design proposalGroup 2 15 / 32 Flows Patient flow Staff flow 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 1 2 Goods flow 2nd 1st 0 Checking in at the reception Taking a seat in the waiting area 1 2 Going to the laboratory3 4 Getting examined in the doctor’s examination room Changing clothes in the dressing room Morning meeting in the conference room 1 2 Going to the examination room3 Delivering material to the main storage room Picking up waste in the recycling room 1 2 Staff & goods Elevator & staircase Patients Elevator & staircase Staff & goods Elevator & staircase Design proposalGroup 2 16 / 32 Landscape design Concept GSEducationalVersion Landscape design concept We started the landscape design process by identifying the large cohesive green spaces and square-type spac- es that we wanted to focus on and that created divisions in the area. Our design creates a stretched out horizontal green space that is essential for the pedestrian walkways in our proposal, which also connects the two square-type typologies of Birgitta square and the inner courtyard of the building to the north. We then worked with a landscape design strategy connecting spaces through vertical rectangular volumes and having horizontal, meandering paths cutting through them and connecting the spaces in between. GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion Design proposalGroup 2 17 / 32 Site plan 1 : 1000 0 10 20 50 GSEducationalVersion -1,20 Corridor 38,16 m2 Multi generation café 193,85 m2 WC 2,84 m2 WC 2,83 m2 w.a. WC 5,44 m2 Staircase 26,21 m2 Elevator 5,33 m2 3A10 Recycling room CS 17,94 m2 Goods entry area 14,56 m2 Café conference room 26,07 m2 3A01 dirty laundry 3,78 m2 Staff entry area 10,48 m2 Café storage 16,47 m2 ±0,00 1E01 functional s. PC 7,64 m2 1C04 urine lab PC 7,29 m2 1C03 analyse room PC 15,17 m2 4A04 office FC area: 10,74 m2 4A01 activity room FC area: 30,38 m2 4A02 activity room water FC area: 20,11 m2 4A03 comm. room FC area: 11,51 m2 1I07 examination room PC area: 15,38 m2 1I08 examination room PC area: 15,38 m2 1I09 examination room PC area: 15,38 m2 1I10 examination room PC area: 15,38 m2 1G07 special nurse PC area: 16,51 m2 1I01 examination room PC area: 15,34 m2 1I011 exam. infection PC area: 15,38 m2 rec. PC 4,22 m2 00 waiting area PC area: 83,32 m2 main stair1B06 supply BVC PC area: 4,43 m2 1B07 medicine BVC PC area: 7,80 m2 1J01/2 local storage PC 6,19 m2 1G01 special nurse PC area: 15,13 m2 1C06 w.a. WC PC 5,06 m2 1G02 special nurse PC area: 14,97 m2 1G03 special nurse PC area: 14,97 m2 1G04 special nurse PC area: 14,97 m2 1G05 special nurse PC area: 14,97 m2 1G06 special nurse PC area: 14,97 m2 1B02 BVC Childcare exam PC area: 14,97 m2 1B01 BVC Childcare exam PC area: 18,09 m2 1C05 supply lab PC 9,42 m2 1I02 examination room PC area: 15,34 m2 1I03 examination room PC area: 15,34 m2 shaft 4,08 m2 1E02 exmination room acute PC 20,13 m2 1C02 sampling PC 10,97 m2 1C01 sampling PC 12,37 m2 shaft 2,95 m2 staff WC 2,22 m2 3C04 staff WC 3,52 m2 1I04 examination room PC area: 15,34 m2 1I015 examination room PC area: 15,34 m2 1I06 examination room PC area: 15,34 m2 Staff café corner 12,43 m2 shaft 2,95 m2 WC 2,23 m2 WC 3,52 m2 00 RWC PC 6,19 m2 1E04 office 2p PC 12,32 m2 1D01 office 1p PC 6,38 m2 WC 2,21 m2 WC 2,45 m2 shaft 4,93 m2 elevators 13,59 m2 1B05 / 1D06 w.a. WC PC 4,61 m2 main shaft 6,08 m2 1B01 Stroller PC 6,06 m2 shaft 6,73 m2 00 exam. infection PC area: 15,38 m2 1J01 local storage inf. PC 8,97 m2 00 RWC PC 4,80 m2 1J01 local storage PC 6,64 m2 1J02 local storage PC 6,19 m2 rec.dentist 4,22 m2 2A11 office 1p FTV 6,38 m2 corridor 354,59 m2 air lock infection 10,35 m2 emergency stair 15,77 m2 goods entrance staff entrance café entrance main entrance main entrance ambulance entrance infection entrance Design proposalGroup 2 18 / 32 Floor plans Ground floor 1 : 300 0 GSEducationalVersion 1st 2 5 10 15 GSEducationalVersion +1,80 1F01 Office/call 1p PC 12,31 m2 1F02 Office/call 1p PC 12,02 m2 1E07 Copy room PC 8,06 m2 2A02 Copy room FTV 8,08 m2 00 WC PC 2,59 m2 00 WC PC 2,59 m2 00 w.a. WC PC 4,96 m2 2A17 Office dental FTV 15,40 m2 1A07 Resting room PC 14,35 m2 1F05 administration offices PC 30,73 m2 1A06 Staff area PC 66,56 m2 1F03 Conference PC 47,12 m2 Corridor 81,58 m2 Staircase 19,47 m2 Elevator 5,33 m2 2A03 Conference FTV 19,34 m2 Staff area storage PC 10,16 m2 +3,40 1H04 Conference room PC area: 23,29 m2 2A04 exmination room FTV 18,02 m2 2A05 exmination room FTV 18,02 m2 2A06 exmination room FTV 18,02 m2 2A07 exmination room FTV 18,02 m2 waiting area 12,91 m2 2A08 exmination room FTV 20,64 m2 2A18 Office conversation FTV 12,20 m2 2A16 supply dental FTV 9,44 m2 1H01 Psychosoc. rec. PC area: 16,54 m2 1H02 Psychosoc. rec. PC area: 15,38 m2 1I12 examination room PC area: 15,38 m2 1I13 examination room PC area: 15,37 m2 1I14 examination room PC area: 15,38 m2 1I15 examination room PC area: 15,38 m2 1I16 examination room PC area: 15,38 m2 WC 2,33 m2 WC 2,33 m2 elevators 14,08 m2 w.a. WC 4,63 m2 main shaft 7,97 m2 1I17 examination room PC area: 15,93 m2 1I18 examination room PC area: 15,38 m2 1I19 examination room PC area: 15,38 m2 2A17 Office conversation FTV 12,65 m2 shaft 2,95 m2 3C04 staff WC PC 4,34 m2 shaft 2,95 m2 2A01 w.a. WC FTV 6,07 m2 tech. FTV 9,56 m2 main shaft 4,08 m2 w.a. WC CS 6,07 m2 1J01 local storage PC 8,52 m2 Server 4,82 m2 corridor area: 189,98 m2 access shaft 3,89 m2 emergency stair 15,77 m2 2A16/2 supply dental FTV 6,16 m2 Design proposalGroup 2 19 / 32 Floor plans Second floor GSEducationalVersion 2nd 1 : 300 0 2 5 10 15 GSEducationalVersion -3,90 unused 79,90 m2 unused 80,22 m2 1A02 Shower room PC 6,46 m2 1A02 Changing room female PC 25,46 m2 Corridor 42,05 m2 00 WC 2,62 m2 00 WC 2,62 m2 00 w.a. WC 5,03 m2 unused 38,07 m2 Staircase 19,27 m2 Elevator 5,31 m2 Sauna 16,12 m2 1A02 Changing room male PC 25,46 m2 1A02 Shower room PC 6,46 m2 -3,00 corridor 75,66 m2 3A08 unpacking CS 10,09 m2 3B01 supply CS 12,42 m2 1J04 desinfection room PC 19,47 m2 2A14 desinfection room FTV 22,42 m2 1J05 supply PC 20,15 m2 1J03 main storage PC 17,80 m2 2A15 main storage FTV 17,80 m2 air ventilation 105,02 m2 3A09 cleaning CS 10,23 m2 3A03 supply CS 4,99 m2 3A03 supply CS 5,72 m2 unused 121,08 m2 3A04 tele CS 10,30 m2 3A02 supply CS 10,30 m2 3A07 supply CS 10,30 m2 3A05 equipment CS 10,30 m2 unused 44,72 m2 Design proposalGroup 2 20 / 32 Floor plans Basement GSEducationalVersion 0 1 : 300 0 2 5 10 15 Design proposalGroup 2 21 / 32 Standard examination room Primary care One size fits all In order to create a floor plan layout that allows for easy changes, we merged all different examination room types in the primary care unit into one standard room for both administrative work and examination. Big window openings connect the interior to the surrounding land- scape. On the southern side inlets let the sunlight pass. Frosted glazing towards the waiting area makes the internal wall appear lighter and more open. GSEducationalVersion 15 m2 Terrazzo floor 1 : 80 0 Raised floor Light inlets on the south side Frosted glass towards the waiting area Design strategy: Creating an adaptable, future-proof structure + Design strategy: Connecting nature and built environment 10,5 2 4 Design proposalGroup 2 22 / 32 Sections Longitudinal section 1 : 300 0 2 5 10 15 GSEducationalVersion -4,10 -1,20 +1,80 +8,80 0,00 -3,00 +4,40 +3,40 +8,43 GSEducationalVersion -3,00 0,00 +3,40 +8,43 +6,93 0,00 +5,05 -3,00 Design proposalGroup 2 23 / 32 Sections Perspective section 1 : 100 0 1 2 5 Design proposalGroup 2 24 / 32 Common waiting area Design proposalGroup 2 25 / 32 Gallery corridor, second floor Design proposalGroup 2 26 / 32 Waiting area dental care Design proposalGroup 2 27 / 32 Corridor, second floor GSEducationalVersion Elevation south Elevation east GSEducationalVersion GSEducationalVersion Elevation north Design proposalGroup 2 28 / 32 Façade Elevations 1 : 300 0 2 5 10 15 Design proposal GSEducationalVersion Group 2 29 / 32 1 : 50 0 0,5 1 2 Façade Detail section 3 2 4 1 5 Roof Reused roof tiles Battens, timber Counter battens, timber Windbreak, foil Insulation, mineral wool Vapour barrier, foil Boarding, timber Rafters, timber 1 Façade light inlet Slats, timber Triple glazing Column, timber 2 Façade Wall paint, eggshell yellow Slurry coating Existing brick wall Insulation, foam glass Plasterboard Interior plaster Wall paint, white 3 Ground floor Terrazzo covering Dry hollow floor modules Technical space, steel supports Existing slab, reinforced concrete 4 Basement floor Sealed screed Separating layer, PE foil Insulation Seal, foil Bottom slab, reinforced concrete Loose filling 5 3,00 x 5,00 cm 4,00 x 5,00 cm 20,00 cm 2,40 cm 35,00 x 12,00 cm 4,50 x 4,50 cm 5,00 cm 20,00 x 20,00 cm 2,00 cm 42,00 cm 12,00 cm 1,25 cm 1,50 cm 2,85 cm 17,15 cm 17,00 cm 8,00 cm 12,00 cm 17,00 cm Design proposalGroup 2 30 / 32 Approaching the building from the north-east Design proposalGroup 2 31 / 32 Approaching the main entrance from the north Design proposalGroup 2 32 / 32 Approaching the ambulance entrance from the south east