Sparking Inspiration 
Designing Inspirational User experiences in the interactive  
presentation software Mentimeter  
 
 
Master’s thesis in Industrial Design Engineering 
 
 
 
CHRISTINA GÖTHBERG 
CLARA NILSSON 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AND MATERIAL SCIENCE 
DIVISION OF DESIGN AND HUMAN FACTORS 
CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY 
Gothenburg, Sweden 2021 
www.chalmers.se 
S a i g I i a i
De ig i g I i a i a  U e  e e ie ce  i  he i e ac i e
e e a i  f a e Me i e e
CHRISTINA GÖTHBERG  CLARA NILSSON
Department of Industrial and Materials Science
Division of design and human factors
CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
Göteborg, Sweden 2021
S a i g I i a i
Designing Inspirational User experiences in the interactive presentation software Mentimeter
CHRISTINA GÖTHBERG  CLARA  NILSSON
© Christina Göthberg & Clara Nilsson, 2021
Department of Industrial and Materials Science
Division of design and human factors
Chalmers University of Technology
SE-412-96 Göteborg
Sweden
Telephone + 46 (0)31-722 1000
Chalmers digital printing
Göteborg, Sweden 2021
C e The final interface for the inspiration library. Created by Christina Göthberg and Clara
Nilsson, 2021. All assets used from Mentimeter (2021) are used with permission from Mentimeter.
I age igh All images from mentimeter.com (2021) are reprinted with permission from
Mentimeter. All assets used from Mentimeter (2021) are used with permission from Mentimeter.
Ac edg e
This Master Thesis includes the exploration and development of Inspirational User experiences for the
interactive presentation software Mentimeter. The thesis was performed in a collaboration between
Chalmers University of Technology and Mentimeter. It was performed during the spring of 2021 by
two students, constitutes 30 ECTS and concludes a two-year master s program within Industrial
Design Engineering at the Department of Industrial and Materials Science at Chalmers University of
Technology.
We would like to thank the more than 50 user study participants for openly sharing how they relate to
and experience inspiration, giving us invaluable feedback on our feature tests and enthusiastically
performing evaluations. The contribution of these users has allowed us to create an empirical
understanding for inspiration, progress within the development of Inspirational User experiences and
challenge our ideas. It has truly been a pleasure to cooperate with Mentimeter and with their open and
“go for it” attitude we have reached new heights and been allowed to explore every bit of our
creativity. A special thanks go out to Maja Jakobsson and Madeleine Ederyd for their invaluable
guidance throughout the whole project. Their trust in us and guidance have both kept us on track but
also allowed us to explore ideas that we are passionate about.
Lastly, we would like to thank our supervisor and examiner Cecilia Berlin who has encouraged us to
trust our gut. She has been invaluable in our process of concretizing such an abstract topic as
inspiration, a great resource and most importantly always attentive to our questions. It has been a
pleasure cooperating with Cecilia Berlin.
Tha  
Christina Göthberg Clara Nilsson
S a i g I i a i
Designing Inspirational User experiences in the interactive presentation software Mentimeter
CHRISTINA P  GÖTHBERG  CLARA M  NILSSON
Department of Industrial and Materials Science
Division of design and human factors
Chalmers University of Technology
Ab ac
Men ime er is an interactive presentation software that aims at creating an engaging experience for
every participant. Men ime er is currently exploring how inspiration can be used to allow users to
evolve in their use of the tool and understand the full potential of it. There is limited research
available that combines H man-cen ered de ign and inspiration. As a result, the thesis aims to explore
how to inspire the users of Men ime er to grasp the software s full potential, to attract and activate
them. Additionally, the aim is to deliver guidelines for the design of Inspirational U er e perience for
Men ime er and a final inspirational design proposal.
The applied process is an adaptation of Lean UX and consists of an initial research phase, six
two-week sprints and a final delivery phase. In the initial research phase, the primary purpose is to
explore existing research within inspiration and design. The purpose of each sprint is to perform user
research, test features and allow for iterative development. Each sprint is initiated by an assumption
then follows related ideating, prototyping, learning, iterating & evaluating and finally testing &
experimenting. The development is performed with continuous interaction with the users of
Men ime er. The primary purpose of the final delivery phase is to derive final personas, final design
and guidelines for how to design Inspirational U er e perience .
The inspirational journey for users usually starts with an intrinsic or extrinsic inspirational source.
The inspiration is thereafter stored physically, digitally, or mentally until external and internal factors
allow the inspiration to go from the user being inspired by the source to being inspired to take action.
The users experience inspiration from a variety of sources depending on their characteristics, but
most recurring are by other people and personal development. The findings of the study are
concluded in the inspirational guidelines which consist of ten aspects relevant to consider when
designing for Inspirational U er e perience . The guidelines include for example: Maintaining a
sense of new or different, show as much of the experience as early as possible and create content that
resonates with values or goals. The guidelines are embodied in the final design and results imply that
by using the guidelines in designing, the experience of inspiration is increased.
Ke d inspiration, user experience, guidelines, Inspirational User experiences, saas, software
as a service, lean UX, human-centered design, user activation
Tab e f c e
I d c i
1.2 Aim 2
1.3 Objective 2
1.3 Demarcations 2
The P d c  Me i e e
2.1 User perception of Mentimeter 4
2.2 Sources of inspiration in Mentimeter 6
The e ica  f a e
3.1 Research within the field of inspiration 7
3.2 Research within the field of Human-centred design 10
3.3 Combined synthesis of design and Inspiration 14
3.4 Data processing 16
P ce
4.1 Lean UX 17
4.2 Applied process 18
4.3 Product roadmap and focus areas 20
Me h d
5.1 Initial research phase 23
5.2 Ideating 25
5.3 Prototyping 25
5.5 Learning, iterating  evaluating 26
5.6 Testing  experimenting 29
5.7 Final delivery phase 33
Re  U e  di g
6.1 The inspired users of Mentimeter 34
6.2 The users’ Inspiration journey 35
6.3 Inspiration personas 37
Re  P d c  fea e   f c  a ea
7.1 Review of original product 42
7.2 New design of the Inspiration page 45
7.3 Ability to preview templates 49
7.4 Extended ability to access templates 54
7.5 Ability to progress and increase competence 56
7.6 Ability to take part in and enjoy a community 59
7.7 Ability to store inspirational content 62
7.8 Ability to find inspirational content 63
7.9 Ability to explore the product through templates 67
7.10 Final evaluation 69
Fi a  de ig
8.1 New design of the inspiration page and the ability to preview 73
8.2 Ability to store and find inspirational content 76
8.3 Ability to take part in and enjoy a community 78
8.4 Ability to progress and increase competence 79
8.5 Ability to explore the product through templates 81
G ide i e  f  i i a i
9.1 Maintain a sense of new or different 82
9.2 Show as much of the experience as early as possible 82
9.3 Promote fun 83
9.4 Widen the horizon 83
9.5 Create content that resonates with values or goals 83
9.6 Design visually pleasing content 83
9.7 Ensure successful tasks 83
9.8 Support different inspiration processes 83
9.9 Promote people getting inspired by people 84
9.10 Guidelines for inspirational templates 84
Di c i
10.1 Designing Inspirational User experiences 85
10.3 Validity of the process 88
10.4 Ethical and sustainability considerations 90
10.5 Future research 90
C c i
Refe e ce
A e di
I. Participating users
II. Experiment 1  1.1
III. Experiment 2
IV. Experiment 3
V. Experiment 4
VI. Experiment 5
VII. Experiment 6
VIII. Experiment 7
IX. Experiment 8
X. Final Evaluation
XI. Interview guide
XII. Menti School
S c e f he a e
 I d c i Introduces the topic of the thesis, the objective, the aim and
demarcations.
 The d c  f Me i e e Introduces the product Mentimeter and explains relevant
functionality, the user perception of the product and presents
some existing sources of inspiration in Mentimeter.
 The e ica  f a e Introduces the applied theoretical framework within two areas:
Inspiration and Human-centred design. The chapter is
concluded with a synthesis of the interpretation of the
interrelationship of inspiration and human-centered design,
which serves as a theoretical basis for the thesis.
 P ce Introduces the process Lean UX, the applied process and its
different phases with applied methods. The phases are the
Initial research phase, ideating, prototyping, learning, iterating
evaluating, testing experimenting and final delivery phase.
The chapter is concluded with the product roadmap and
sources of assumptions building the product roadmap.
 Me h d Introduces the applied methods structured by the phases in the
applied process which are: Initial research phase, Ideating,
Prototyping, Learning evaluating, Testing experimenting
and Final delivery phase. Each phase contains several methods
and they are presented in the chapter.
 Re  U e  di g The following chapter introduces the result of the user research
throughout the project in the form of the inspired users of
Me ime e , Inspiration user journey and inspiration personas.
 Re  P d c  fea e  Introduces the result of the product development throughout
f c  a ea the project within the different product areas of focus andproduct roadmap. The result is related to the product and its
characteristics. The development of each product focus is
presented based on the result from applicable experiments. The
chapter is concluded with the final evaluation.
 Fi a  De ig Introduces the final design together with a summary of
supporting data and claims as well as the included features.
 G ide i e Introduces guidelines for designing for inspiration in
Mentimeter with supporting evidence and related developed
features.
 Di c i Discusses the implications of the results, the validity of the
process, ethical considerations for the project and future
research.
 C c i Concludes the thesis and presents a summary of the result and
significance in the area of inspiration and User experiences.
01
Introduction
The following chapter introduces the topic of the thesis  the objective  the aim and demarcations
In i a ion ha he o e o engage eo le in ne e e ience , enable e lo a ion of ne heigh and
enhance ell-being (Th a h & Ellio , 2010). In i a ion i he fo nda ion of c ea i i and can
omo e life a i fac ion. In i a ion o igina e f om im li, e in ic o in in ic and being in i ed
i a lea able a e, a a e ha man enjo finding hem el e in. B he e ion i , i i o ible
o c ea e in i a ion h o gh Inspirational User experiences? In an a em o an e he e ion,
hi ma e he i aim o a k in i a ion h o gh de ign and o in e iga e ho o in i e e o
a ac and ac i a e, f om a User experience e ec i e, in he in e ac i e e en a ion of a e
Mentimeter.
Mentimeter i an in e ac i e e en a ion of a e ha aim a c ea ing an engaging e e ience fo
e e a ici an . Ho e e , e io e e ea ch ha ho n ha man e onl ie Mentimeter
a a com lemen a ool, a he han a com le e e en a ion ool. A a e l , Mentimeter an o
e lo e in i a ion a a a fo e o nco e i f ll o en ial. The cha ac e i ic and im o ance
of in i a ion f om a chological e ec i e ha e been died b e ea che like Th a h & Ellio
(2010). Th a h & Ellio (2014) conce ali e in i a ion o e ime a a oce of being inspired by
and inspired to, bo h e en ial com onen fo in i a ion o lead o ac ion. Th a h e , al. (2010) al o
e abli hed ha in i a ion omo e ellbeing, i facili a e og e o a d e goal and c ea e
mo e efficienc and od c i i . Addi ionall , Mil a ka a (2012) ha in he die een
connec ion be een in i ed eo le and e e iencing mo e g a i de and a en e of o e in life
(Mil a ka a e  al., 2012).
The e ea ch i hin Human-centred design i e en i e, he e a e e e al e abli hed f ame o k
ch a Ha en ahl UX framework (2005) and Design for Engagement (O B ien and Tom , 2008).
User experience design i b Ha en ahl UX model defined a c ea ing meaningf l e e ience
h o gh a de ice. Thi i accom li hed h o gh eali ing he e ' need of com e ence, ela edne ,
o la i , im la ion, meaning, ec i and a onom . Simila o Ha en ahl UX model i he
engagemen heo he e an engaging User experience i cha ac e i ed b he follo ing: a o ia e
challenge, o i i e affec , end abili , ae he ic and en o a eal, a en ion, feedback, no el ,
in e ac i i  and e cei ed e  con ol (O B ien and Tom , 2008).
1
Ho e e , he e i li le e ea ch combining in i a ion and Human-centred design o User experience
design. A a e l , he he i e lo e ho o combine In i a ion and Human-centred design in
de igning fo Inspirational User experiences. The fo nda ion fo he he i i an in e e ed combined
heo f ame o k fo de igning Inspirational User experiences, e ac ed f om e ea ch i hin he
field of Human-centred design and he cholog of in i a ion. The he i i e ec ed h o gh a
li e a e e ie of User experience design theory and In i a ion heo , de elo men and e ing of
de ign o o al , e e ea ch and com ila ion of final deli e able . The oce a lied in he
de elo men and e ing of de ign o o al follo a Lean UX me hodolog . The final deli e able
incl de a final de ign o o al fo Mentimeter, g ideline fo ho o de ign fo inspirational User
experiences, in i a ion e ona and in i a ion e jo ne . The g ideline incl de a ec ch a
omo ing f n, ho a m ch of he e e ience a ea l a o ible and c ea e con en ha e ona e
i h al e and goal . The e l indica e ha h o gh a l ing he g ideline on User experience
de ign i  i  o ible o in i e e  o ome e en .
1.2 Aim
The he i aim o e lo e ho o in i e he e of Mentimeter o nde and he f ll o en ial of
he of a e o a ac and ac i a e he e . Addi ionall , he aim i o deli e g ideline fo he
de ign of in i a ional e e ience in Mentimeter and a final in i a ional de ign o o al o a ac
and ac i a e e .
1.3 Objective
The objec i e i , b ing a Lean UX oce , o fo m a m ion on ho o in i e e ba ed on
li e a e e ie , e e ea ch and e ing. The a m ion an la ed in o h o he e ill fo m
de ign o o al ha ill be e ed in e e imen i h e . The da a f om he e ill be
anal ed h o gh coding o de e mine if he a m ion i e and if he h o he e a e alida ed o
in alida ed. The Lean UX oce of fo m la ing and alida ing h o he e h o gh e ing de ign
o o al in a anged e e imen i e e i i e and con in o . The i e a ed de ign o o al and
n he i ed e  e ea ch finding  ill f el fo m la ion of he final deli e able  of he he i .
1.3 Demarcations
The dema ca ion of he he i a e ca ego i ed in o a ec ela ed o he e die , he od c
i elf and he od c  e  jo ne  and he a lied defini ion of in i a ion.
User studies
The foc of he ojec i o in i e he ingle e , meaning in i ing he indi id al o e
Mentimeter a a ool fo e en a ion . The majo i of he e incl ded in he d ha e a f ee
acco n o e Mentimeter hich en ail ome limi a ion of f nc ionali . The o he e a e ac i e
e en e b no e of Mentimeter. D e o he di e ed loca ion of he e , e die a e
olel e fo med digi all . The finding ela ed o e e en ed in he he i ill be ba ed on
ali a i e da a collec ed h o gh in e ie and e e imen . The incl ded e a e e ho ha e
limi ed e e ience in he ool and ha a e a med o ha e e o di co e he f ll o en ial of
Mentimeter.
2
Product and user journey
The foc i hin he od c Mentimeter i in-a , meaning hen a e i logged in. In e m of he
e in e ac ion i h Mentimeter, he ha e befo e a e en a ion n il he an i ion in o a ing a
e en a ion i incl ded in he he i . The ha e d ing he e en a ion and he c ea ion of he
e en a ion in edi mode a e e cl ded, ee fig e 1.3.1. The an i ion o ending a e en a ion a
ell a  he af e ma h i  incl ded, ee fig e 1.3.1.
Figure 1 3 1 the different phases of presenting using Men ime e The light grey areas of the user journey are
excluded
Definition of Inspiration in relation to Mentimeter
Ba ed on he defini ion of in i a ion b Ellio and Th a h (2010) and c ome in i a ion (B ge
e , al. 2017), in i a ion i in hi he i defined a an in e nal oce he e he e feel in in icall
mo i a ed o e Mentimeter o a e en ing o o e lo e he o en ial of he ool and e end
age.
3
02
The Product Mentimeter
The following chapter briefly introduces the product Men ime e and explains relevant functionality the user
perception of the product and presents some existing sources of inspiration in Men ime e
The od c of Mentimeter con i of a ool ha allo e o c ea e and e en in e ac i e
e en a ion . The od c con ain h ee main a : a con en eb, hich i acce ible h o gh
www.mentimeter.com, an edi and e en a ion ie hich i a ailable b logging in called in-a and
a o ing eb hich i acce ible h o gh www.menti.com. The con en eb i ed o di la
info ma ion abo he od c and in i e e h o gh blog o and ideo , ee fig e 2.1. The edi
and e en a ion ie i he e he e c ea e e en a ion , acce fea e and e en . The o ing
eb i fo a ici an o bmi hei a ici a ion. The acce o fea e of he ool de end on he
e of lan ha he e b c ibe o. The a ailable lan a e F eemi m, ba ic, P o, En e i e and
Ed ca ional. Once he e i logged in he e a e ome o ion a ailable in he in e face, ee fig e
2.2. The in e face allo he e o b o e he e en a ion and o en a ne e en a ion o edi .
Once he e choo e o edi o c ea e a ne e en a ion, he e ill en e he edi ie , ee fig e
2.3.
2.1 User perception of Mentimeter
Since 2014, hen Mentimeter a fo nded, he od c ha con in o l e ol ed. F om being olel
an in e ac i e ool o offe ing an e en i e and o e f l e en a ion of a e od c . The od c
Mentimeter allo he e o c ea e com le e e en a ion in Mentimeter h o gh offe ing bo h
in e ac i e elemen and eg la e en ing fea e ch a con en lide . S ill man e onl e
Mentimeter a a econda of a e fo he in e ac i e a of a e en a ion, i ching be een hei
ima e en ing ool and Mentimeter. No mall , he inco o a e Mentimeter in he beginning,
middle o end. Thi migh be ince he a e no a a e of he o ibili ie in Mentimeter o do no feel
mo i a ed o o confiden in e lo ing he ool. The e ha e al o been e e al indica ion ha e and
a ici an belie e ha Mentimeter i a ool onl ed fo in e ac i i ch a c ea ing o d clo d
o oll . The ea on co ld be ha man e ge a ac ed o Mentimeter ia a ici a ing in a
e en a ion he e Mentimeter i me el ed a an in e ac i e elemen ch a a olling ool.
Rega dle , he indica ion ha e do no nde and he f ll o en ial of Mentimeter need o be
e amined.
4

2.2 Sources of inspiration in Mentimeter
The e a e e e al o ce of in i a ion in Mentimeter. The e a e in i a ion o ce e e nal o
Mentimeter, b al o na i e o ce od ced b Mentimeter. Na i e o ce of in i a ion a e e en
in he con en eb and in-a . Mentimeter al o od ce con en fo ocial media. Wi hin he con en
eb, blog o , ideo and di la of fea e a e he ima o ce of in i a ion. Wi hin he
in-a , a ab fo in i a ion i a ailable he e he e a e em la e . Tem la e a e e am le
e en a ion de elo ed b Mentimeter ho ing diffe en e ion e , la o and fea e . In
edi - ie , he e a e e am le lide a ailable. The e am le lide a e e am le of lide i h diffe en
kind of e ion and la o . Being in i ed o e en i no onl limi ed o ing he od c and
con ming i con en . Being in i ed o e he od c fo a e en a ion can occ an ime. A a
a ici an of a e en a ion, he a ici a ion migh im la e in i a ion. A a o en ial e en e ,
in i a ion migh  em f om co- o ke , an e en , i  f om he o ic  and a b i .
6
03
Theoretical framework
The following chapter introduces the applied theoretical framework within two areas: Inspiration and
Human centred design The chapter is concluded with a synthesis of the interpretation of the
interrelationship of inspiration and Human centred design  which serves as a theoretical basis for the thesis
3.1 Research within the field of inspiration
In i a ion i an in in icall mo i a ing e on e o a im l ha ha en in a hen ic e e ience
(Th a h & Ellio , 2004). In i a ion can occ nin en ionall hen o lea e ec i b can al o be
he e l of i ing o a d an achie emen . In i a ion i defined acco ding o he Tripartite
conceptualization hich di ing i he he a e of in i a ion f om o he chological a e . The
Tripartite conceptualization al o define he co e cha ac e i ic of in i a ion, hich a e
transcendence, evocation and motivation (Th a h & Ellio , 2004). Transcendence efe o ha ing
gained a a ene of ne o be e o ibili ie . Evocation efe o andom on aneo in i a ion
i ho in en ion. Bo h transcendence and evocation el on an o e im l o omo e in i a ion.
The final a ec motivation efe o i ing o an mi o ac ali e an idea o i ion (Th a h &
Ellio , 2004).
Component process conceptualization i ed o de c ibe he oce of being in i ed o e ime
(Th a h e al., 2014). The conce ali a ion con i of o oce e hich a e: being inspired by
and being inspired to. Being inspired by mean ha he e on ba ed on an in igh lead na all o
he oce of being inspired to. Being in i ed efe o a de i e o e o an mi ome hing.
Being inspired by i a ib ed o in i a ion of evocation o transcendence hile being inspired to i
a ib ed in i a ion of motivation. Fo a com le e e i ode of in i a ion, bo h being inspired by and
being inspired to i  e i ed (Th a h & Ellio , 2004).
Why inspiration matters
In i a ion i im o an f om a User experience e ec i e beca e i omo e ellbeing, facili a e
og e o a d e goal , i he fo nda ion of c ea i i and inc ea e efficienc and od c i i
(Th a h & Ellio , 2010). F he mo e, in i a ion eem o omo e lea e-o ien ed and
elf-ac ali ed ellbeing. Mo e conc e el in i a ion eem o omo e o i i e affec and life
a i fac ion hich bo h a e im o an a ec of ell-being (Th a h & Ellio , 2010). Mil a ka a e
al. (2012) ha e in hei die on goal achie emen and in i a ion een connec ion be een in i ed
eo le and e e iencing mo e g a i de and a en e of o e in life (Mil a ka a e al., 2012).
Addi ionall , in i a ion eem o be clo el ela ed o e onal goal achie emen he e mo e
in i ed e on a e mo e likel o f lfill hei goal . I eem o be ha in i ed indi id al e
in i ing goal ha a e eachable o hem. Mil a ka a e al. (2012) eemed o ee a a e n he e
7
mo e in i ed indi id al e in i ed goal ha c ea ed an in i ed goal achie emen oce , he e
he e o b il on each o he o c ea e a o i i e loo (Mil a ka a e al., 2012). T ai in i a ion i
clo el linked o elf- e o ed c ea i i in dail life and eo le end o be mo e c ea i e on da
he e he a e mo e in i ed (Th a h & Ellio , 2003). In i a ion facili a e od c i i beca e
in i ed eo le ha e a clea i ion of ha o do and ho o e ec e i a ell a feeling mo i a ed o
ac . Fo e am le, i e ho a e in i ed od ce mo e e in ho e e iod , i h fe e a e o
hink, han he nin i ed one (Th a h & Ellio , 2014). Ho e e , a in i a ion i a e l of he
e ' ela ion o and he objec i elf and bo h a e of e al im o ance o in i a ion, i i challenging
o omo e i  in en ionall  (Th a h e  al., 2014).
Acco ding o I ogo & M inganji a (2020), hedonic con en ho a g ea e in i a ional effec han
ili a ian con en . F he mo e, i al in i e mo e han 75% of con me o cha e. B 2020, an
e ima ion of a o nd 50% of con me ea che e e e ima ed o be e ec ed h o gh oice o
image ea ch f nc ion . The e a i ic ho he im o ance of i al comm nica ion i h he
c ome . Addi ionall , con me cha e beha io a e becoming inc ea ingl mo e on aneo
and emo ionall infl enced a con me looking fo idea and ol ion a he han me e od c .
Con e en l , hi lea e oom fo in i a ional ma e ial o infl ence b ing beha io . A ell,
c ome in i a ion eem o lead o mo e lo al c ome i h an inc ea ed amo n of cha e
c ea ed b  o i i e affec  and c ome  deligh  f om c ome  in i a ion (B ge  e  al., 2017).
Prerequisites for inspiration
In i a ion i a com le ma e , a l beca e he e i no a of deciding hen i i going o ha en.
Yo can no decide if omeone i going o be in i ed, a lea no f ll . Al ho gh, die a e ho ing
ha he e a e e e i i e fo in i a ion a ell a e onali ai o beha io ha a e clo el
ela ed o a highe le el of in i a ion (Th a h & Ellio , 2004). Pe onal ali ie ha eem o
co ela e i h in i a ion a e ab o ion in ha he indi id al doe , o imi m and i (T a h &
Ellio , 2010). The fo nda ion fo being in i ed i being o en o infl ence ha facili a e being
inspired by and being able o be mo i a ed hich facili a e being inspired to. O enne o ne
e e ience o i i el co ela e i h being mo e in i ed in gene al in dail life. O enne o
o ible infl ence i e en ial fo an indi id al o be in i ed. A ell a being o en o ne
e e ience , o enne o a d ne o ibili ie o he in i a ion oce (Th a h & Ellio ,
2004). To be able o be mo i a ed he indi id al m ha e ome kind of in in ic mo i a ion,
elf-de e mina ion and efe abl o k-ma e mo i a ion. To ha e an a oach em e amen
in ead of a oidance facili a e he a ec of being in i ed o do and o find inne mo i a ion (Th a h
& Ellio , 2004). The a oach em e amen can be di ided in o h ee e onali dimen ion :
extraversion, positive emotionality and he behavioral activation system. Extraversion i linked o
e e iencing o i i e emo ion , positive emotionality i linked o e e iencing o i i e emo ion and
a gene all o i i e o look on life he ea he behavioral activation system i a mo i a ional em
ha  gene a e  an a oach beha io  a  ell a  o i i e affec  (McC ae & Co a, 1987).
8
Customer inspiration
Customer inspiration i a model fi in od ced in 2017 b B ge e al. ha aim a b idging he ga
be een in i a ion and ma ke ing li e a e. The model define Customer inspiration a a em o a
mo i a ional a e f om being bjec o a o ce of in i a ion o be mo i a ed o e a
con m ion- ela ed goal. The model o o ed foc e on c ome being in i ed o achie e
con m ion- ela ed goal like engaging i h a b and, cha ing, o dona ing. The e ea ch i ba ed
on he Component process conceptualization a ell a he Tripartite Conceptualization of inspiration
(Th a h e  al., 2014), in od ced ea lie  in hi cha e .
The model, ee fig e 3.1.1, con i of an eceden , Customer inspiration and con e ence .
An eceden con i of Source Characteristics and Individual Characteristics hich de end on he
o ce of in i a ion and he cha ac e i ic of he c ome (B ge e al., 2017). Acco ding o
B ge e al. (2017), in i ing con en ha e he cha ac e i ic of a ealing o he imagina ion and
le e aging a oach mo i a ion. C ome in i a ion con i of he Component process
conceptualization of being inspired by and inspired to, and he a e oge he he nece a
com onen o gene a e in i a ion. The ini ia ing e of being in i ed ela e o iden if ing ne
idea (Th a h & Ellio , 2004) a ell a inc ea ed a a ene of o ibili ie (Th a h & Ellio , 2004).
The a e of being inspired to i a mo i a ional a e he e he c ome i mo i a ed o e he
ne idea. Customer inspiration ill elici behavioral, emotional and attitudinal consequences. The
behavioral consequences incl de effec on he beha io of he indi id al. The emotional
consequences incl de o i i e affec , jo and o he emo ional e e ience . Finall , he attitudinal
consequences incl de effec  on he c ome  a i de o a d he od c .
Figure 3 1 1  Customer Inspiration model adapted from Böttger et al  2017
9
3.2 Research within the field of Human centred
design
The n he i ed e ea ch i hin H man-cen ed de ign incl de METUX, Ha en ahl UX design,
Design for engagement, Design for emotion, UX over time and abili .
METUX
An eme ging field i hin User experience design i ing echnologie fo o i i e change, hich i
efe ed o a positive technology (Gaggioli e al., 2019). The field of e ea ch i domina ed b o
eam , he fi foc e on cien ific nde anding of ho o con ib e o eo le' ellbeing and
ha ine hile he o he foc e on he im o ance of al e and e hical conce n a a a of
Human-Computer interaction (Gaggioli e al., 2019). One positive technology f ame o k i METUX,
ba ed on chological e ea ch, in ending o de ign e e ience fo ellbeing. The f ame o k i
ed in i e a i e de ign and e al a ion o imi ed fo engagemen , mo i a ion and ellbeing (Pe e
e al., 2018). The chological ba i fo METUX incl de a ec of Self Determination Theory,
SDT, hich ha been o en o media e ellbeing. SDT con i e ell-being a an indi id al
autonomy, competence and relatedness. Autonomy efe o a en e of illingne and ac ing
acco ding o hei e onali and al e . F he mo e, competence efe o he e feeling able,
com e en and effec i e o e fo m a a k. Finall , relatedness efe o a en e of belonging. (Pe e
e  al., 2018)
De ign ha do no demand ac ion f om e and ha allo fo e onali a ion enhance autonomy,
ee able 3.2.1. Autonomy can al o be o ed b emo ing ob acle ha hinde e o e a
goal o a i a ion fl en l . A autonomy efe o ac ing i h illingne acco ding o hei al e ,
ed ca ional o beha io -changing echnologie migh hel enhance he e autonomy. Fac o ha
a e kno n o inc ea e he en e of competence a e fo e am le o i i e feedback and o o ni ie
fo lea ning, hich can be achie ed h o gh no el and fo e am le in od cing ne fea e , ee
able 3.2.1. Mode a ing le el of diffic l ha al o been ho n o inc ea e he en e of competence.
To fo e relatedness h o gh de ign i ha o be gen ine and meaningf l. A hen ic e e en a ion of
one elf i  al o im o an  o inc ea e he en e of relatedness, ee able 3.2.1. (Pe e  e  al., 2018)
Table 3 2 1  psychological need and supporting characteristics to design for METUX Peters et al  2018
Psychological need Supporting characteristics
Autonomy ● Meaningful choices and alignment with personal values
● Clear rationale
● Ability to personalize and a sense of ownership
● Absence of pressure
● Goal choice and choice of strategy
Relatedness ● Opportunities for supporting others and being supported
● A sense of warmth and goodwill
● Chances to contribute
● Opportunities for gratitude and appreciation
● Support for empathy
● Saliency of social pressure
Competence ● Usable and accessible
● Positive feedback and informational rewards
● Appropriate challenge and rewards based on effort
● Forgiving of mistakes
● Dynamic difficulty and adapting to growth
10
Hassenzahl s UX Design
User experience design i oda a ell-kno n conce and ome hing a lied in mo od c
de elo men oce e . Acco ding o Ha en ahl (2010) User experience design, UX, i abo
c ea ing meaningf l, al ho gh immen el bjec i e, e e ience h o gh de ice . UX i a
b-ca ego of e e ience de ign ha i ied o in e ac i e de ice . Ha en ahl (2010) di ide User
experience in o h ee diffe en ca ego ie he What, How and Why level. The What level de c ibe
ha he e i doing h o gh a de ice and i icall ied o a od c gen e o echnolog , fo
e am le making a hone call. The How level de c ibe ho he e in e ac i h a od c . Thi i
ied o ho he ac al objec i o e a ed, fo e am le e ing b on o make a hone call. The Why
level de c ibe h he e on e a od c , he mo i e behind i (In e ac ion De ign Fo nda ion,
2014). The a ha Ha en ahl ca ego i e need f lfilled h o gh de ice em f om he Self
Determination Theory. The need a e ca ego i ed in o he follo ing: competence, relatedness,
popularity, stimulation, meaning and security o autonomy (Ha en ahl e al., 2010). Each need i
e en ed in able 3.2.2.
Table 3 2 2  category of human needs in U e  e e ience Hassenzahl et al  2010
Need Description
Competence Feeling that you are very capable and effective in your actions rather than feeling incompetent or
ineffective
Relatedness Feeling a sense of belonging and intimacy with people related to you
Stimulation Feeling that you get plenty of enjoyment
Popularity Feeling that you are liked  respected  and have influence over others rather than feeling like a
person whose advice or opinions nobody is interested in
Meaning Feeling that you are developing your best potential and making life meaningful rather than
feeling stagnant and that life does not have much meaning
Security or Feeling a security in having a structured life with routines and habits
autonomy
Design for Engagement
U e engagemen i h echnolog i ho in e ed, emo ionall a ached and me me i ed a e on i
b an e e ience of od c in e ac ion. An engaging e e ience i cha ac e i ed b a o ia e
challenge, o i i e affec , end abili , ae he ic and en o a eal, a en ion, feedback, no el ,
in e ac i i and e cei ed e con ol (O B ien and Tom , 2008). Recen die indica e ha
engagemen i a oce i h fo age : point of engagement, period of sustained engagement,
disengagement and reengagement. The point of engagement i ha a he engagemen oce .
Ae he ic , in e face la o and lea an i al a e likel o a engagemen , b ocial a ec o
ecific goal a e al o o ible engagemen ca al . In he e iod of sustained engagement;
feedback, a o ia e o iginali and c ea i i of info ma ion and fea e a e im o an a ec . A
ell, e con ol, he n mbe of im li and a o ia e challenge la an im o an ole in
aining engagemen . To concl de, he final a ec of sustained engagement a e in e ac i i i h
he echnolog and an nde anding of he em a ell a ocial in e ac ion. Disengagement
ha en d e o bo h in e nal and e e nal ea on . In e nal ea on can be lack of ime, ocial a ec ,
o lo of in e e . E e nal ea on a e ela ed o he abili of he in e ac ion, lack of eno gh
im li in he a k a ell a di ac ion and in e ion . Reengagement ha en d e o a
o i i e e e ience in he in e ac ion. Mo e ecificall a lea ning , feedback, a o ia e
11
challenge, he e e ience of ha ing f n and being in con ol, e a d of a cce , con enience, o
incen i e  (O B ien and Tom , 2008).
Design for Emotion
Designing for emotion a me he no ion ha de ign igge emo ional e on e . Ho e e
nde anding he ela ion hi be een de ign and emo ion ha igge ed e ea ch in he a ea (Van
Go & Adam , 2012). U e emo ional e e ience affec deci ion making, le el of mo i a ion,
beha io and e ce ion of he od c o e ice (Van Go & Adam , 2012). Emo ion can be bo h
con cio and ncon cio and be igge ed b de ign. In an a em o ma he oce of a ai al
of emo ion on de ign De me (2002) de i ed a model of od c emo ion . Emo ional e on e a i e
f om he combina ion of od c enco n e and he e conce n , al e o mo if , ee fig e
3.2.1, (De me , 2002).
Figure 3 2 1  the process of appraisal of emotion on design  adapted from Desmet 2002
Attention and Behavior on Emotion
The emo ional effec im ac ho e beha e and ho in en el he foc hei a en ion (Van
Go & Adam , 2012). Emo ion ill im ac he e ce ion of he od c h o gho he oce of
age. The c en emo ional a e ill im ac he e ce ion of he od c o e e ience and he
emo ion d ing age ill im ac f e age of he od c (Van Go & Adam , 2012). Wi hin
a en ion, if he a en ion i ol n a he e ill e e ience lea e and if he a en ion i
in ol n a he e ill e e ience emo ion of n lea an . A o al im ac a en ion, a he le el
inc ea e he foc hif o a d he a o ing im li, hich inc ea e a en ion. Lo le el of
a o al ill lo e a en ion (Van Go & Adam , 2012). Emo ion i al o ongl linked o beha io
hich i defined b he o dimen ion in en ion and mo i a ion. In en ion dic a e ho e di ec
hei  ol n a  a en ion and o e an in en ional a k, mo i a ion i  e i ed.
Model for Design for Emotion
To de e mine he ela ion hi be een de ign and emo ion, e e al model ha e been de i ed f om
a io a ho . The e model incl de Levels of emotional processing (No man, 2004), Types of user
benefits (Jo dan, 2000) and Products as objects, agents and events (De me , 2002). Level of emotional
processing (No man, 2004) ecifie diffe en le el a hich h man oce emo ion . The e
incl de he visceral level, behavioral level and reflective level. Types of user benefits de i ed b
Jo dan (2000) ecified he e of benefi a od c can gi e e . The e incl de hedonic benefits,
practical benefits and emotional benefits. Products as objects, agents and events de elo ed b
De me  (2002) e al a e a od c  i h he e '  conce n.
12
UX over time
When e al a ing e ' e e ience i h od c i i im o an o con ide he ela ion hi ha
e ol e be een he e and he od c (K jala e al., 2011). Ka a ano (2010) a g e ha
memo ie of od c e e ience a e im o an a of a od c e e ience o e ime ince
memo ie , no ma e ho e, im ac he a e ill in e ac i h od c and e-engage i h
hem. Fo e am le, i i no onl he e e ience of a od c fea e and abili ha acco n fo
he e e ience b ocial a ec ch a ho o he e e ience o od c . The e e ience of a
od c can be mode a el bjec i e and he efo e i i o ible ha one indi id al e e ience of a
od c can mi o ano he e on e ce ion of he od c . Ha en ahl (2005) hedonic a ec
fo e am le, ae he ic and im la ion im o e he a ac i ene of a od c o e ime. A ell, he
abili of a od c and ho he e iden ifie i h i eem o be mo e im o an i h ime.
Technical diffic l ie affec he User experience mo e nega i el o e ime a he e eem o be
inc ea ingl di a i fied d e o longe d a ion of e o . F he mo e, nega i e e e ience of a
od c  a e affec ed b  com a i on o o he  b and of he ame od c  (K jala e  al, 2011).
Usability and Design Principles
In 1994 Niel en de elo ed 10 usability heuristics ha a e ed a g ideline in de igning od c
i h high abili . The 10 he i ic  a e e en ed in able 3.2.3.
Table 3 2 3  10 usability heuristics Nielsen  1994
Usability heuristic Explanation
Visibility of system The user should always be aware of what is going on which is enabled through
feedback  If a user can predict interactions  trust towards the product and the brand will
emerge
Match between system The language used in the product should be familiar to the user and it should also
and the real world follow conventions of the real world  Using well known words and phrases will make it
easier for the user to learn to navigate the interface
User control and Users should be able to easily escape unwanted actions as errors often occur frequently
freedom Being able to exit or undo an action creates a sense of freedom and confidence
Consistency and Use the same words for the same actions  always  Users should not have to wonder if
standards different things mean the same thing  Having different words for the same action
increases the cognitive load
Error prevention Preventing errors could be asking the user to confirm an action  However  some errors
are slips caused by inattention and others are mistakes that are caused by mismatches
Recognition rather Make information and elements visible  The required elements to interact with the
than recall product should be visible to reduce the cognitive load
Flexibility and Allow for expert users to use shortcuts or configure the interface based on their use
efficiency of use case  The reason is to make the interaction much less consuming
Aesthetic and Every unit in an interface competes for attention Therefore  reducing the interface to
minimalist design only the necessary is ideal  Offering functionality to support the primary goals of the
users will maximize the relative visibility
Help users recognize Errors should be displayed in common language and both include complicated codes
diagnose  and recover
from errors
Help and Ideally  the system needs no additional resources to navigate through it  However
documentation offering sufficient help and documentation is important to help some users complete
their tasks
13
Ano he inci le fo de igning fo high abili i No man' The Seven Stages of Action: Seven
fundamental design principles. The de ign inci le em f om a e of in e iga ing e ion
ela ed o a e a a e e o od c in e ac ion age. The od c de ign ho ld gi e all he
info ma ion o an e he e e ion . The info ma ion can be di ided in o hel ing he e
nde and ha o do, feedforward, and he info ma ion ha hel he e nde and ha i going
on feedback. Feedforward and feedback a e e e en ed in he e en de ign inci le e en ed in
able 3.2.4 (No man, 2013).
Table 3 2 4 Se en f ndamen al de ign inci le Norman 2013
Design principle Explanation
Discoverability The design allows the user to understand the status and what actions they can
take
Feedback The design gives the user clear and understandable responses
Conceptual model The design creates an understandable conceptual model
Affordances The design provides affordances to take appropriate actions
Signifiers The design uses signifiers to provide discoverability and feedback
Mappings The design s layout provides good mapping
Constraints The design has appropriate constraints to facilitate understanding of the
product
3.3 Combined synthesis of design and Inspiration
Ba ed on he e ea ch i hin he a ea of In i a ion and Human-Centered Design, an in e e i e
f ame o k i de i ed. The f ame o k i a e e en a ion of he in e e a ion of he ela ion be een
in i a ion and de ign and an a em o b idge he ga be een hem. The f ame o k, ee fig e
3.3.1, i ba ed on he model fo Customer inspiration de elo ed b B ge e al. in 2017 and he
a lied chological defini ion of in i a ion b Th a h e al. (2014). The in e e a ion i al o
e en ed i h Mentimeter and e , ee fig e 3.3.1.
A f ll e i ode of in i a ion con i of being inspired by and being inspired to, he efo e, a e ing
bo h a e i deemed a ke . Inspired by can occ h o gh evocation o transcendence. In he ca e of
Mentimeter, evocation mean e ealing ne o ibili ie and transcendence i in in ic mo i a ion o
e he od c . In i a ion em  f om being mo i a ed o ake ac ion and e he od c .
To be inspired by, heo ie i hin de ign ch a Design for Engagement and Design for emotion ha e
been e lo ed. Design for Engagement i ele an d e o i foc on c ea ing e engagemen , hich
l ima el i he goal of in i ing e . Hassenzahl´s User Experience e e a a ba eline fo
de igning User experiences. To be inspired to, conce like METUX and Design for Engagement
ha e been e lo ed. METUX aim o c ea e o i i e change fo e h o gh echnolog e e en ing
mo i a ion, engagemen , h i ing UX hich co ld o he e in being in i ed. A he ela ion
o he objec  o  od c  i  j  a  im o an  a  he indi id al'  cha ac e i ic , Usability i  ele an .
14

3.4 Data processing
To a e he aim and he e l ing a m ion , da a i collec ed f om e . The da a i ima il
ali a i e, al ho gh a l an i a i e, h o gh a king e o an i a i el e al a e a ec e ed.
The ga he ed da a i anal ed and ed o d i e od c de elo men (Sa a i , 2020). Q ali a i e da a
i ed o e lo e and nde and he e need and ho he de ign ill og e . I i al o a ef l
ool in nde anding an i a i e da a. Q an i a i e da a doe o a la ge e en o ali a i e
finding . The an if he e and an e le com le e ion and h o he e (Roge , 2019). In
he he i , an i a i e da a i onl ed a a com lemen o ali a i e. The efo e, he finding
e en ed ill eflec  ha .
The truth curve and user test participant quantity
To e al a e he c edibili of he da a f om an e e imen a h c e can be ed, ee fig e 3.4.1.
The h c e i a c e e laining he ela ion hi be een he e of od c e e en a ion and
he acc ac of he da a ga he ed f om he e in hich he e e en a ion a e ed (Go helf &
Seiden, 2016). Con e a ion offe he f he f om eali o h, hile he o o e and li e
od c  ill gene a e mo e acc a e da a, ee fig e 3.4.1.
Figure 3 4 1  truth curve adapted from Gothelf  Seiden 2016
To e abli h he o imal amo n of iden ical e e e fo med on diffe en e Niel en (2000)
c ea ed a le of h mb, ee fig e 3.4.2. Acco ding o Niel en (2000) af e fi e e e , 80% of he
abili e o a e di co e ed. F om an im ac e effo e ec i e Niel en (2000) ecommend
ha ing 15 e  e fo m h ee diffe en  e  on i e a ed de ign  o ge  he mo  o  of hem.
Figure 3 4 2  a graph of the percentage of discovered usability problems from a given number of user tests
adapted from Nielsen 2000
16
04
Process
The following chapter introduces the process Lean UX the applied process and its different phases with
applied methods The phases are Initial research phase ideating prototyping learning iterating evaluating
testing experimenting and final delivery phase The chapter is concluded with the product roadmap and
sources of assumptions building the product roadmap
4.1 Lean UX
Lean UX i a oce in od ced b Go helf & Seiden in 2012 infl enced b od c de elo men in
he of a e ind . The oce ed fo od c de elo men in he of a e ind i all
ome a ie of agile. Agile i b il on fo inci le hich a e: In e ac ion be een indi id al
o e oce and ool , o king of a e o e doc men a ion, c ome collabo a ion o e con ac
nego ia ion and e onding o change o e follo ing a lan (Go helf & Seiden, 2016). T adi ionall
ind ial de igne follo a o-called a e fall oce , he e each ha e i de e mined b he e l
of he e io one. Thi lea e li le oom fo i e a ing once one ha e i eali ed and ano he
in od ced. In of a e de elo men , on he o he hand, he e i no need o follo a a e fall oce
ince e ce i e co fo man fac ing i emo ed. A a e l , Lean UX eme ged (Go helf & Seiden,
2016).
Lean UX i b il on design thinking and agile oce e a ell a he idea ha de ign i e ol ing.
Lean UX foc e on f e en deli e . SaaS de igne do no h i e in o king in a linea oce like
he a e fall c e. When a l ing Lean UX, he de igne ea e e de ign a a o o ed
h o he i ha need o be alida ed a efficien l a o ible, in ead of a fini hed od c o an
indefen ible ol ion. The a oach of Lean UX i oblem-foc ed and o come-foc ed in ead of
fea e and o -foc ed. The oce aim o emo e a e in he ha e of non-nece a o k
and foc  on con in o  e -cen ed e ea ch (Go helf & Seiden, 2016).
17
Figure 4 1 1  the iteration cycle in Lean UX adapted from Gothelf  Seiden  2016
The oce begin i h a clea need o a m ion, ha i an la ed in o a h o he i . When he
h o he i ha been fo m la ed ome kind of minimal valuable product, MVP, o user story i b il o
e he h o he i . The e ed h o he i ill hen be i e a ed ba ed on he o come and lea ning of
he e e imen . The i e a i e oce i a c cle ha con i of fo e : decla e a m ion, c ea e
an MVP, n e e imen , a ell a , feedback and e ea ch, ee fig e 4.1.1. A c cle i o o fo
eek long and i called a in . The fi e of ini ia ing a Lean UX in i o decla e
a m ion . The eaf e , he e a e ei he e ea ched o i ali ed in an MVP, hich hen i bjec ed
o an e e imen . The e c cle  a e e ea ed o o k o a d  he o come.
4.2 Applied process
Lean UX con i of imebo ed in he e decla ing a m ion , c ea ing MVP , nning
e e imen , collec ing feedback and e fo ming e ea ch a e ec ing com onen . The a lied
oce i c ed imila l , i h an in od c ion ha e of fo eek follo ed b i in of o
eek each and he eaf e a deli e ha e of fo eek , ee fig e 4.2.1. In e e in he fi e
ac i i ie idea ing, o o ing, e ing & e e imen ing, lea ning, a ell a , i e a ing & e al a ing
a e e fo med, ho e e  no  ch onologicall  a he im l aneo l .
Figure 4 2 1 distribution of time over the initial research phase six different sprints and a final delivery phase
One square represents one working week in time
18
Initial research phase
The o e of he ini ial ha e i o c ea e an nde anding of al ead e i ing da a ela ed o he
co e, e fo m a li e a e e ie , define he co e of he ojec and de e mine a of o king. The
me hod e fo med in he in od c ion ha e a e li e a e e ie , benchma k and ec i men of
e .
Sprint
Each in i ini ia ed b an a m ion hen follo ela ed idea ing, o o ing, lea ning, i e a ing
& e al a ing and finall  e ing & e e imen ing, ee fig e 4.2.2.
Figure 4 2 2  an assumption initiates the sprint which leads to performing the tasks in the different phases
Wha  each ha e in he in  incl de  i  e en ed in able 4.2.1.
Table 4 2 1  the purpose of each phase and applied methods in a sprint
Phase Purpose and applied methods
Ideating The purpose of ideating is to identify possible solutions that could be used to test the
assumption  In the phase  the methods Brainstorming and Worst Possible idea are
applied
Prototyping The purpose of the phase is to embody the ideas through creating prototypes and
wireframes  In the phase  the methods Inspiration Proto Personas and Prototyping are
applied
Learning  iterating The purpose of the phase is to further understand the users and the product from a
evaluating user s perspective as well as analyzing results from the test  Within the phase  the
methods user journey  coding  interview  iteration usability checklist  measuring levels
of inspiration  TENS interface scale and measuring experience of inspiration are used
Testing  experimenting The purpose of the phase is to understand the implications of each idea  The idea is
derived from a hypothesis and a hypothesis statement The methods applied are
Assumption and hypothesis statement and measurement as well as  CARE
experiments
Final delivery phase
The final ha e i final deli e hich o e i o de i e final de ign o o al , e ona and
g ideline . In he ha e, he follo ing me hod a e a lied: final e e al a ion, fo m la ion of
g ideline  and de i ing final e ona  and e  jo ne .
19
4.3 Product roadmap and focus areas
The od c oadma i e en ed in fig e 4.3.1, fo each ha e o in , he e ha been ecific
od c o fea e foc e . The od c oadma e cl de he Ini ial e ea ch ha e and he final
deli e ha e. The od c foc e ha ha e been e lo ed d ing he ojec a e Re ie of o iginal
od c , Ne de ign o he in i a ion age, Abili o e ie em la e , E ended abili o acce
em la e , Abili o og e and inc ea e com e ence, Abili o ake a in a comm ni , Abili o
o e in i a ional con en , Abili o find in i a ional con en and abili o e lo e he od c
h o gh em la e , ee fig e 4.3.1. E e foc i f eled b lea ning de i ed f om a m ion .
The e a m ion a e de i ed f om heo e ical e ea ch and in igh abo he od c o e . The
foc  a ea  and he a m ion  he  a e de i ed f om a e e en ed in hi  ec ion.
Figure 4 3 1  product roadmap providing an overview of the focus areas
Review of original product
P econdi ion fo c ome in i a ion con i of Source Characteristics and Individual
Characteristics hich de end on he o ce of in i a ion and he cha ac e i ic of he c ome
(B ge e al., 2017). Thi mean ha he cha ac e i ic of he od c a e im o an o enable
in i a ion. U abili (Niel en, 1994) ha he o en ial o inc ea e o a d he b and and he
od c . Wi h he e finding , he a m ion i ha inc ea ed abili ill enable e o be in i ed
o e he od c . To a e he a m ion a abili e ie i e fo med. The e l of he
abili  e ie  i  e en ed in cha e  7.1.
New design of the Inspiration page
Di co e ing ne o ibili ie i a com onen of being in i ed (Th a h and Ellio , 2004).
Ae he icall lea ing and f n con en im o e in i a ion (O B ien and Tom , 2008). A a e l of
he e finding he follo ing a m ion ha e been made: offe ing diffe en e of con en ch a
ideo , blog o and em la e ill enable e o di co e ne o ibili ie . A ell a ing
ae he icall lea ing i al o ho ca e he in i a ional con en ill enable in i a ion. To a e
he a m ion he la o of he in i a ion age a ede igned and e ed. The e l i e en ed
in cha e  7.2.
Ability to preview templates
In i ed eo le ha e a clea i ion of ha o do and ho o e ec e i a ell a feeling mo i a ed o
ac (Th a h and Ellio , 2014). A a e l , he follo ing a m ion i made: facili a ing he c ea ion
of i ion h o gh e ie ill allo fo e o be in i ed o e he od c . To a e he
a m ion he fea e a  de igned and e ed. The e l  i  e en ed in cha e  7.3.
20
Extended ability to access templates
Acco ding o No man, (2013), discoverability allo fo a e o nde and ha ac ion a e
o ible a an oin in he in e ac ion. Onl if an ac ion i di co e able, a e can engage i h i .
The efo e, he a m ion i ha inc ea ing he di co e abili , b inc ea ing i hie a ch , ill allo
fo e o engage i h em la e and become in i ed o e Mentimeter. To a e he a m ion
he fea e a  de elo ed and e ed. The e l  i e en ed in cha e  7.4.
Ability to progress and increase competence
Wo k-ma e mo i a ion i one of he im o an e e i i e fo being in i ed (Th a h and Ellio ,
2004). Addi ionall , Mil a ka a e al. (2012) eemed o ee a a e n he e mo e in i ed
indi id al e in i ed goal ha c ea ed an in i ed goal achie emen oce , he e he e o b il
on each o he o c ea e a o i i e loo . F he mo e, Ha en ahl (2010) e lained he im o an need
of e feeling com e ence in de igning an enjo able e e ience. The e need ela e o he im o ance
of feeling ca able and com e en in e fo ming a a k a ell a he im o ance of e celling in kill .
Wi h he e finding , he follo ing a m ion a made: allo ing e o og e and de elo
com e ence ill enable in i a ion o e he od c . The a m ion i a e ed h o gh fea e
e ing and he e l  i  e en ed in cha e  7.5.
Ability to take part in and enjoy a community
Being o en o and e o ed o ne e e ience o he in i a ion oce (Th a h & Ellio ,
2004). F he mo e Ha en ahl (2010) e en relatedness a one of he mo im o an a ec in
de igning g ea User experiences and Gaggioli e al. (2019) ha e ho n ela edne o be a
e e i i e fo ellbeing. The a m ion i ha lea ning and in e ac ing i h o he e ill
inc ea e a en e of belonging and ellbeing and in od ce he e o ne o ibili ie . Thi ill,
acco ding o he a m ion, inc ea e he in i a ion o e he ool. The a m ion i a e ed
h o gh de elo ing fea e  and e ing hem. The e l  i  e en ed in cha e  7.6.
Ability to store inspirational content
The f ame o k METUX aim a de igning fo ellbeing ba ed on Self Determination Theory (Pe e
e al., 2018). Wi hin Self Determination Theory enabling a en e of autonomy i im o an . Autonomy
can be enabled b offe ing a clea a ionale, allo ing fo choice ha align i h e onal al e and
he abili o e onali e. The need fo autonomy in g ea User experiences i al o o ed b
Ha en ahl (2010). Wi h he e finding , he a m ion i ha offe ing he abili o o e and
e onali e a collec ion of con en ill allo he e o feel in con ol of hei in i a ional oce .
The a m ion i a e ed h o gh de elo ing and e ing fea e . The e l i e en ed in cha e
7.7.
Ability to find inspirational content
Discoverability a i he e in iden if ing o ibili ie and finding ac ion (No man, 2013).
Enabling high discoverability ill a i he e in na iga ing he in e face (No man 2013).
F he mo e, e ge in i ed b ae he icall lea ing i al (O B ien and Tom , 2008). The efo e
he a m ion i ha if i i o ible o find a o ia e con en , b f nc ion and b i al , he e
i mo e likel o engage i h i . The a m ion i a e ed h o gh de elo ing and e ing fea e .
The e l  i  e en ed in cha e  7.8.
21
Ability to explore the product through templates
One of No man' (2013) de ign inci le i ega ding conceptual models hich inco o a e a im le
model of ho ome hing o k hich allo he e o feel in con ol of he od c and iden if
o en ial e ca e . Ba ed on No man conceptual model and he collec ed ali a i e da a, he
a m ion i made ha if he em la e allo he e o e lo e he od c , he ill feel mo e
in i ed o a l i o hei e ca e . The a m ion i a e ed h o gh de elo ing and e ing
fea e . The e l  i  e en ed in cha e  7.9.
22
05
Methods
The following chapter introduces the applied methods structured by the phases in the applied process which
are: Initial research phase Ideating Prototyping Learning evaluating Testing experimenting and Final
delivery phase  Each phase contains several methods and they are presented in the chapter
5.1 Initial research phase
The me hod ed in he in od c ion ha e a e ed a he beginning of he oce o la a
fo nda ion fo he he i . The a lied me hod a e li e a e e ie , benchma k and ec i men of
e .
Benchmarking
Benchma king i he oce of com a ing a ke e fo mance o he anda d o o ano he com an
o od c on he ma ke (Me cadal, 2020). Benchma king i a na al e in all de ign oce e and
ill hel in finding in i a ion and lea ning f om o he on he ma ke . The benchma k i e fo med
on he follo ing com anie : Sli.do, Kahoot!, Ahaslides, Wooclap, Powerpoint and Prezi a he e a e
e abli hed com anie o iding e en a ion of a e od c i hin he SaaS ind . The
benchma king con i of e lo ing he od c , a em ing o nde and hei f nc ionali and ho
he com anie in od ce hei f ll od c and in i e hei e . Bo h he od c and ela ed
in i a ional con en i e lo ed ba ed on METUX (Pe e e al., 2018) o ge an nde anding of ho
he com e i o make he e h i e in he User experience. The benchma king e e a in i a ion
fo  f he  de elo men  of he he i .
Literature review
A li e a e e ie i a ema ic oce of ea ching fo e ea ch i hin a ecific di ci line
(Sn de , 2019). A ea ha a e e ie ed a e user engagement, usability, Human-centered design, User
experience and inspiration. The da aba e incl ded in he e e ea ch a e Google Scholar and he
library database of Chalmers University of Technology. Sea ch o d incl de b a e no limi ed o
a ia ion and combina ion of User engagement, Inspiration, Inspirational User Experience, User
Experience, Design for habits, Design for community and Design for collaboration. The incl ded
li e a e i n he i ed o de i e he co e of hei claim . The n he i ed e ea ch i ed o
fo m la e ini ial a m ion  and f el idea . The li e a e i  c eened acco ding o he follo ing:
● P bli hed in he field of de ign, cholog  o  ma ke ing
● The e en ed ma e ial ho ld be e ed in an em i ical o  ca e d .
● The blica ion ho ld be he c en  o  ill ele an i hin he a ea of e ea ch.
23
Recruitment of users
The e a e ima il ec i ed f om he e i ing e ba e of Mentimeter. The fi e of
ec i men  i  o end an email o e  ho mee ce ain c i e ia, he c i e ia a e:
● U e i h a f ee Mentimeter acco n ha ha e igned o Mentimeter i hin one o h ee
mon h .
● A lea one ac i e e en a ion, meaning a e en a ion ha ha a lea one lide and ha
go en o o e  f om diffe en  de ice .
● A ma im m co n  of o held e en a ion
The e e a e iden ified h o gh Mentimeters da aba e and en an email, ee fig e 5.1.1. The
email con ain a link o a e he e he e can bmi hei in e e and a e a ked o fill in
addi ional info ma ion abo hem el e . The e a k fo name, loca ion, email, oficienc in
Engli h, ho man e en a ion he ha e held, if he ha e an ho gh abo in i a ion and if
he a o e of eco ding he in e ie o e e imen . O of he e ho bmi ed hei in e e ,
ome e e in i ed o ched le an a oin men fo an e e imen o in e ie . The e e e
elec ed ba ed on he follo ing c i e ia: ma im m held fo e en a ion , able o ha e hei
ho gh  in Engli h and a o ed eco ding of e e imen o  in e ie .
Figure 5 1 1  the process of contacting users for participating in the study
In he in i a ion o ched le an a oin men a link a a ailable fo he e o choo e a i able
ime lo of 60 min e . Once confi med he e ecei ed a e a a o email con aining mo e
info ma ion abo  he in e ie  o  e e imen .
The email a king e o bmi hei in e e i en o ime . The fi email a en o
a o ima el 28 000 e and ielded 91 e on e . The econd email a en o a o ima el
43 000 e and ielded 100 e on e . The email a king e o ched le an a oin men i en
con in o l o fill he need. Fo each in , ome of he e f om he c eening a e con ac ed ia
email o a ici a e. In g a i de fo hei a ici a ion, he e a e incen i i ed i h a i mon h
Mentimeter o g ade.
Recruitment of non users for final evaluation
The ec i men oce fo non- e incl ded o ing, an in i a ion o he e d oge he i h a
link o a e fo bmi ing in e e , in Facebook g o . The Facebook g o e e diffe en
kind of in e na ional g o fo e en e like eake , eache and aine . The a ici an e e
incen i i ed i h ei he  a gif  ca d o  a i  mon h Mentimeter o g ade.
24
5.2 Ideating
The me hod ed in he idea ion ha e a e ed o idea e on o ible de ign ol ion fo he
deli e able . The me hod  a e B ain o ming and Wo o ible idea.
Brainstorming
In a b ain o ming e ion, he eam join l idea e o come i h idea . The ambien ho ld be
acce ing of all kind of im o ible idea and a oid c i ici m (F ii Dam, 2019). To f el c ea i i ,
d ing each e ion, a media ing objec i ed. The media ing objec incl de fo e am le
Ha en ahl UX model (Ha en ahl, 2005), Model of User Engagement (O B ien and Tom , 2008),
METUX Model (Pe e e al., 2018), and he Model of Persuasive Technology (Fogg e al., 2007). The
cha ac e i ic of each model a e a e ed e a a el in imed e ion of b ain o ming. A an
e am le, he Model of User Engagement incl de fo e am le a o ia e challenge and feedback
(O B ien and Tom , 2008). The e ion goal i o od ce en idea fo each one of he cha ac e i ic
i hin a imef ame. The a ici an ha e e en o en min e on each cha ac e i ic befo e mo ing
on o he ne  one. B ain o ming i  e fo med con in o l and a  an ini ia o  o e e  in .
Worst possible idea
Nega i e b ain o ming i an in e ed e ion of b ain o ming. In ead of ol ing he oblem, he
oblem ho ld be made o e. Once he e nega i e idea a e collec ed, choo e one and do he ame
hing o ha one, hence ol ing he o iginal oblem (M h , 2019). Wo o ible idea i a e
imila me hod he e he eamma e b ain o m a o nd ho o ol e he oblem in he o a
e e (F ii Dam, 2019). Wo o ible idea i e fo med con in o l and a an ini ia o o e e
in .
5.3 Prototyping
The me hod ed in he o o ing ha e a e ed o facili a e comm nica ion i h akeholde
ch a  he e  o Mentimeter. The me hod  a e P o o ing and In i a ion o o e ona .
Prototyping
P o o ing i a a of e lica ing a od c o conce . A o o e can be man diffe en hing
de ending on ha he lea ning o e of he o o e i . The com le i of a o o e a ie
f om o gh ke che o f ll f nc ional o o e (E ic on e al., 2016). To c ea e o o e o
MVPs he de ign ool Figma i ed. Figma allo fo he c ea ion of clickable o o e and
i ali a ion of ol ion . Fo mo e ick im le e ing of idea , o o e a e od ced h o gh
ke che , in a e  and imila .
Inspiration proto personas
T adi ionall , he o e of he e ona i o facili a e em a h fo he e and a e ba ed on
e en i e e ea ch. P o o Pe ona , on he o he hand, begin i h a m ion ha a e hen bjec o
alida ion o in alida ion ba ed on e ea ch. P o o Pe ona a e ba ed on he be g e and a e
all c ed a o nd he follo ing info ma ion: ke ch and name, beha io al demog a hic
info ma ion, ain oin , need  and o en ial ol ion (Go helf & Seiden, 2016).
25
The me hod i ada ed o i he o e of he he i and i he efo e called In i a ion o o
e ona . In i a ion o o e ona i an ada ed e ion of o o e ona and e e en he e
in i a ion cha ac e i ic . The in i a ion o o e ona a e ba ed on e e ea ch and ha e been
ed a  a ing oin , e ol ing a  he he i  og e e .
5.5 Learning, iterating  evaluating
The o e of he ha e i o ake in o acco n diffe en e of da a, allo fo i e a ion and
nde anding of he da a and he e . The me hod ed a e e jo ne , coding, in e ie ,
i e a ion, abili checkli , mea ing le el of in i a ion, TENS in e face and mea ing
e e ience of in i a ion.
User journey
U e jo ne a e c ea ed o e e en a e ie of e ha a e migh ake in in e ac ing i h he
od c o e fo m a ce ain ac ion. The a e ima il ed o demon a e o hing : ho e
c en l in e ac i h he od c a ell a o en ial in e ac ion a e n . The can bo h be ed o
de c ibe he c en a e and a i ion and a i in nde anding he e beha io (E ic on e al.,
2016). Fo he he i , he me hod i ada ed o in i a ion. Meaning ha he me hod i ed o
nde and he e  in i a ional jo ne .
Coding
Coding i an anal i me hod ha i ba ed on n he i ing da a, efe abl in o a fe o d ha
ca e he e ence of i . I al o allo fo im l aneo coding, he e mo e han one code i ed on
he ame da a. The code ha ela e o each o he can hen be made in o ca ego ie , and hence coding
make  i  o ible o ca ego i e he e ence of big collec ion  of ali a i e da a (Saldana, 2015).
Interview
To nde and and conce ali e o ce of in i a ion of he a ici an , he me hod in e ie i
ed. The in e ie a e ali a i e and emi- c ed (Haning on & Ma in, 2012), meaning ha
he a e ba ed on and follo an in e ie g ide, ee A endi XI, b he in e ie e a k follo
and obing e ion o each mo e in-de h an e f om he in e ie ee (Jam hed, 2014). The
in e ie g ide incl de e ion like: Whe e do o find in i a ion? Wha in i e o o e
ome hing? Ho  do o  ge  in i ed hen c ea ing a e en a ion?
The me hod in e ie i ed in o fo ma : an e en i e in e ie and an in e ie a a
com lemen o an e e imen o con e ali e. The e en i e in e ie incl de a o nd 20 e ion
and la abo 60 min e . The in e ie a a com lemen i ed a he beginning of an e e imen
o ge an nde anding of he e . Bo h of he in e ie a e e fo med ing a eb-ba ed of a e
called Zoom.
26
Iteration
To i e a e he de ign i o edo e in a non-linea oce . I e a ion i nece a fo de ign oce e
d e o he nce ain na e of he ojec and hei o e o g a an ee e a i fac ion. In he Lean
UX oce , he i e a ion a e f e en and icall aligned i h a ing a ne in . The i e a ion
a e ca ied o hil e lo ing he de ign ace and ill be e ained hen he deli e able a e d e
(E ic on e  al., 2016).
Usability checklist
To en e de ign o o al i h high abili , a abili checkli ha been ed. The checkli ed
i he NN g o 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design, able 3.2.3 (Niel en, 2020). The
li i a lied b e ie ing he in e face ba ed on each i em on he li . The li hel iden if fla in
he abili  of he in e face.
Measuring levels of inspiration
To de e mine he e le el of in i a ion he Inspiration Scale (Th a h & Ellio , 2003) i a lied o
c ea e an inspirational profile. The Inspiration Scale a de elo ed b Th a h & Ellio (2003) o
mea e in i a ion, ee able 5.5.1. The a emen in he cale a e con c ed o e amine he
d namic of in i a ion. The cale a e e he in en i and he f e enc of in i a ion fo a gi en
indi id al. In en i efe o ho ongl omeone i in i ed and f e enc efe o ho of en
omeone i in i ed. The ea on fo de e mining an inspirational profile i o de e mine ho ece i e
he e i o e e nal infl ence (Th a h & Ellio , 2003). High co e e e en o enne , he abili
o be in i ed and being ece i e o e e nal infl ence , hile lo  co e  im l  he o o i e.
Table 5 5 1  scales for measuring the level of inspiration adapted from Inspiration Scale  Thrash  Elliot 2003
Statement How often does this happen How deeply or strongly
I experience inspiration Assessing frequency  scale of 1 7 Assessing strength  scale of 1 7
1 never and 7 very often 1 not at all and 7 very deeply or
Something I encounter or strongly
experience inspires me
I am inspired to do something
I feel inspired
The Inspirational Scale a emen a e a ed h o gh a Mentimeter. The e on e a e hen di c ed
o con e he con e of each a ing. Fo im lici , he cale a e e a a ed b f e enc and
in en i .
TENS Interface
TENS Interface Scale a e e e e e ience f om an SDT e ec i e (Pe e e al., 2018). The
e ionnai e i gene a ed f om o he domain i hin SDT heo and i c ed a o nd
com e ence, a onom and ela edne , he la e i o ional. TENS Interface i ed o a e
ellbeing in ing echnolog and i c ea ed a a me hod of e al a ion fo METUX (Pe e e al.,
2018). The e ion a e e onded o b ing a Likert scale he e 1 e al Do No Ag ee and 5
e al  S ongl  Ag ee. The e ionnai e con ain 15 e ion , fi e fo  each ca ego .
27
The me hod i no ed a a e , a he a a media ing objec fo im la ing eflec ion, he mo
a o ia e e ion conce ning he aim and objec i e a e cho en. Rela edne i e cl ded. The
incl ded e ion  fo  each ca ego  a e e en ed in able 5.5.2.
Table 5 5 2  psychological need and corresponding evaluative statements and scale
Competence Scale Autonomy Scale
I feel confident in my ability to Likert scale The interface provides me with Likert scale
use the interface where 1 equals useful options and choices where 1 equals
Do Not Agree Do Not Agree
Learning how to use the and 5 equals I can get the interface to do what I and 5 equals
Strongly Agree Strongly Agree
interface was difficult want it to
I found the interface and controls The interface feels controlling
confusing
Measuring experience of inspiration  Customer Inspiration Scale
To mea e he e e ience of in i a ion f om a fea e e an e al a ion ada ed f om he conce of
Customer Inspiration i ed (B ge e al., 2017). The cale de elo ed b B ge e al. (2017) i
o ed o be e nde and con me - ela ed beha io and a e ho mo i a ed a con me i o
e a goal, ee able 5.5.3.
Table 5 5 3  Customer Inspiration Scale adapted from Böttger et al  2017
Inspired b Scale Inspired to Scale
My imagination was stimulated Scale of 1 to 5 I was inspired to buy something Scale of 1 to 5
were 1 were 1
I was intrigued by a new idea Strongly I felt a desire to buy something Strongly
disagree and disagree and
I unexpectedly and spontaneously 5  Strongly My interest to buy something was 5  Strongly
got new ideas agree increased agree
My horizon was broadened I was motivated to buy something
I discovered something new I felt an urge to buy something
Fo he d , he cale de elo ed b B ge e al., (2017) i adj ed o mea e he le el of
in i a ion f om a ecific e e ience. A he o e of he e e ience i no o ind ce a beha io
leading o cha e b a he o ge mo e in e ed in he od c he a emen a e edi ed, ee able
5.5.4. Fo im lici , he n mbe of a emen a e al o ed ced. The cale a e e en ed in
Mentimeter allo ing he e o e al a e hei e e ience and bmi he e on e. The cale a e
ima il  ed fo  com a a i e anal i  and a  media ing objec  o im la e eflec ion.
Table 5 5 4 adapted scales used in the experiments to evaluate the experience of inspiration separated by being
inspired b and o
Inspired b Scale Inspired to Scale
My imagination was stimulated Scale of 1 to 5 I was inspired to do something Scale of 1 to 5
were 1  Strongly were 1
I unexpectedly and disagree and 5 My interest to do something was Strongly
spontaneously got new ideas Strongly agree increased disagree and
5  Strongly
I discovered something new I was motivated to do something agree
28
5.6 Testing  experimenting
The me hod ed in he e ha e a i he con c ion of and e al a ion of h o he e . The
me hod  a e A m ion and h o he i  a emen  and mea emen  and CARE e e imen .
Assumption and hypothesis statement and measurement
Each in foc e on one o a fe a m ion . The e a m ion a e fo med ba ed on finding
f om e i ing e ea ch o he he i e e ea ch. The a m ion fo each in a e de elo ed in o
h o he e . The fo ma of c ing he h o he i o be e ed i a a emen , ee fig e 5.6.1,
(Go helf & Seiden, 2016).
Figure 5 6 1  hypothesis statement formulation adapted from Gothelf  Seiden 2016
The hypothesis statement n he i e and cla ifie he a m ion and make i o ible o e he
a m ion (Go helf & Seiden, 2016). The Hypothesis statement ed ce bia a he me ic a e
al ead defined. Thi allo fo an a m ion o be e ed objec i el . Hypothesis statements a e
ha ill g ide he o k (Go helf & Seiden, 2016). The efo e he a e e en ial hen o king
acco ding o a Lean UX oce .
Af e e abli hing a h o he i in each in he h o he i ill be e ed h o gh a io
e e imen and e e ea ch. To mea e if he h o he i i e o fal e a io mea emen
ill be needed. The mea emen can be bo h an i a i e and ali a i e da a (Go helf & Seiden,
2016). The mea emen o k a a g ide and o fo he eam in making de ign deci ion and in
he ojec og e o e hila a e he e e e ience of a od c (Go helf & Seiden, 2016). Befo e
he e e imen  i  cond c ed in a in  ele an  mea emen ill be decided.
The experiment structure
The c e of he e e imen i an ada a ion of CARE e e imen c e de elo ed b
Pe e on (2018) o elici User experience in ea l de ign ha e . CARE and fo Conce ali e,
Ac , Reflec  and E e  hich a e he diffe en  age in he e e imen  c e (Pe e on, 2018).
The structure
The gene al e e imen c e ha he follo ing ch onological o de : in od c ion, ini ial in e ie ,
e e al fea e e and final di c ion, ee fig e 5.6.2. The e e imen a e led b he a ho ,
d ing he e efe ed o a e leade . The ada a ion of he e e imen ega d he a he
e e imen i conce ali ed and ho he User experience i e e ed. Fo he e e imen , he
a ici an and he a ho ed hei com e and comm nica ed i h he e ia Zoom. The e
29
leade a e ho ing an in e ac i e e en a ion ing Mentimeter in hich he e i g ided h o gh
he e e imen and i e al a ing he e e ience . The a ici an ha e he c een d ing a of he
e  and d ing he emainde , he e  leade  ha e he c een.
Conceptualization and interview
Befo e he e begin he e i gi en a backg o nd o he e e imen and in od ced o he agenda
of he e ion. The eaf e he a e in e ie ed abo in i a ion and Mentimeter. Af e he di c ion,
he e connec o a Mentimeter e en a ion on hei ma hone o a e he a emen in he
inspiration scale. The co e a e ed a a media ing objec o di c in i a ion i h he a ici an .
The co e doe al o c ea e an inspirational profile o hel nde and ho he e ie in i a ion.
Befo e e lo ing he o o e he e e ience i Conceptualized o fi he eal e con e
(Pe e on, 2018). The e ' e e imen con e i clo e o he eal User experience of making a
e en a ion ince he e i i ing a home b hei com e d ing he e e imen . To f he
inc ea e he effec i ene  of he e e imen  he e a e gi en a cena io.
Action test
Af e conce ali ing he e a e ead o Act (Pe e on, 2018). The e a e a ked o e fo m a
ce ain a k o gi en a cena io hil ha ing hei c een and alking o lo d abo hei e e ience.
To e he o o e o o iginal od c he e ge a link o a o o e in he Zoom cha o i a ked
o go o mentimeter.com. When a o ia e he e i  di ec ed o  a ked e ion .
Reflection and evaluation scales
The Reflection ho ld in ol e ome gene a i e me hod o facili a e Expression (Pe e on, 2018).
The eflec ion i facili a ed b he e of he Customer inspiration scale, and/o b he TENS interface
scale. The a ici an a e he a emen h o gh Mentimeter s cale fea e in he e en a ion and
he efo e he e l a e ha ed in an l i h he a ho ho can di c he co e i h he
a ici an . Fo ome e e imen , addi ional e ion o facili a e eflec ion a e e a ed
befo ehand.
Expression and discussion
Af e Reflecting he e Expresses he e e ience. Acco ding o he CARE c e, he e ho ld
e e he e e ience in diffe en a (Pe e on, 2018). Ho e e , he CARE c e i modified
and he e e ion i me el e bal i h he eflec ion cale ac ing a a media ing objec . Af e he
e , a final di c ion i held he e he e ha he o o ni o ha e feedback a ell a a k
e ion  abo  he e  o Mentimeter in gene al.
Experiment roadmap
The oadma con ain he diffe en a ea of foc and he diffe en fea e a e ed in he eigh
e e imen . In he e e imen , nine fea e a e e ed, fig e 5.6.3. In e ie of he o iginal
od c , o e jo ne and one in i a ion e jo ne a e ob e ed, ee fig e 5.6.3. Each
e e imen ha had be een fo o e en a ici an , ee fig e 5.6.3. F he de ail abo he
indi id al e e imen  me hod  a e e en ed in A endi II o A endi  IX.
30


5.7 Final delivery phase
The me hod ed in he deli e ha e a e ed o facili a e he final deli e of he he i . The
ac i i ie e fo med a e final e al a ion, fo m la ion of g ideline and de i ing final e ona and
in i a ion e  jo ne .
Final evaluation
The final e al a ion follo he gene al e e imen c e, b e cl de he in i a ion cale , ee
fig e 5.7.1 and ha an e ended in e ie , ee A endi X. The final e al a ion foc e on he final
deli e  and e al a ion of he final de ign o o al.
Figure 5 7 1  final evaluation experiment structure
Formulation of guidelines
The ali a i e da a f om he e e a e n he i ed and claim of ha inf e in i a ion a e
iden ified. The e claim a e hen an la ed in o g ideline aiming a o ing he oce of
de igning e e ience  ha  facili a e  in i a ion o inspirational User experiences.
Inspiration personas and inspiration user journey
De i ing final e ona a e ba ed on he me hod of P o o e ona , he diffe ence i ha he final
e ona con ain onl confi med a m ion . The oce of confi ming he a m ion con i of
anal ing e e ea ch da a and de i ing he co e of he e ela ion o and e e ience of
in i a ion. The final e ona con ain e e al cha ac e i ic ha a e deemed hel f l in nde anding
he e , hei ela ion o in i a ion and g ide od c de elo men . In c ea ing he in i a ion
jo ne , he me hod e jo ne i ed. The ame e of da a a in he c ea ion of final e ona i
ed. The e of he jo ne a e n he i ed and de i ed in o common heme o i ali e he
oce  fo  ho  he e  of Mentimeter ge  in i ed.
33
06
Result: User findings
The following chapter introduces the result of the user research throughout the project in the form of the
inspired users of Men ime e  Inspiration user journey and inspiration personas
6.1 The inspired users of Mentimeter
D ing he e e imen , he e ha e been a ked o e al a e hei inspirational profile. A o al of 40
e ha e e al a ed hei inspirational profile, hich e cl de he e ho a ici a ed in he
in e ie and final e al a ion. The e e e a ked o e al a e e e al a emen abo in i a ion
ba ed on f e enc and in en i , ee able 6.1.1 and 6.1.2. The cale fo a e ing he e
e e ience ange f om 1 o 7. Fo f e enc 1 e al ne e and 7 e al e of en, fo in en i 1
e al no a all and 7 e al e dee l and e ongl . When a e ing ho of en he e
e e ience in i a ion he mean i 6 o of 7 and he a e age i 5.74, ee able 6.1.1, hi co ld
indica e ha he e of Mentimeter incl ded in he d of en e e ience in i a ion. In
com a i on, he de h of he e e ience of in i a ion eem o be lo e , ee able 6.1.2, hi co ld
indica e ha he e a e f e en l e o ed o o o ni ie o be in i ed b ha he do no
al a  affec  hem a  m ch.
Table 6 1 1 Assessing frequency how often the users experience the different statements Includes 40 users and
presents mean and average  adapted from Inspiration Scale  Thrash  Elliot  2003
I experience Something I encounter or I am inspired to do
inspiration experience inspires me something I feel inspired
Mean 6 5 5 6 5
Average 5 74 5 585 5 64 5 465
Table 6 1 2 Assessing strength how strongly the users experience the different statements Includes 40 users and
presents mean and average  adapted from Inspiration Scale  Thrash  Elliot  2003
I experience Something I encounter or I am inspired to do
inspiration experience inspires me something I feel inspired
Mean 5 5 5 5 556
Average 5 185 4 96 5 11 5 635
Ac o all of he a emen , ee able 6.1.1 and 6.1.2, bo h a e age and mean ho ag eemen i h
he a emen . The e do o e all ha e f e en e i ode of in i a ion ha affec hem a he
dee l .
34
6.2 The users  Inspiration journey
The in i a ion jo ne fo he e in Mentimeter ha been died h o gho o c ea e an
nde anding of hei in i a ional oce . The in i a ion jo ne ha e lici l been died in
e e imen  5 and he collec i e finding  a e e en ed in he follo ing ec ion.
To facili a e in i a ion he e need in in ic mo i a ion, fo e am le an ing o elf and o he
o be o d of o , an ing o be a good e on, o an ing o e cel in a ecific a ea The
in i a ional jo ne , ee fig e 6.2.1, all a i h an in in ic o e in ic in i a ional o ce.
The in i a ion i he eaf e o ed h icall , digi all , o men all n il e e nal and in e nal fac o
allo he in i a ion o go f om in i a ion o ac ion. The ime f om being inspired by, Time 0, o
being inspired to, Time X, i all no a linea oce b a he an ongoing, c m la i e oce
i h li le o ce  of in i a ion adding  o ac ion.
Figure 6 2 1  the users  inspiration journey
Being inspired by  sources of inspiration
The e l f om he e finding indica ed clea a e n of in in ic and e in ic in i a ional
o ce . E in ic in i a ion end o be mo e a ic la e han in in ic in i a ion. Ho e e , bo h
o ce  eem im o an  fo  eo le o con ide  hem el e in i ed.
Extrinsic inspiration
The o ce of e in ic in i a ion a , o of he mo f e en l a ic la ed a e being in i ed b
o he eo le and e e iencing o eeing ome hing ne o e ao dina . Common fo he e o
o ce i ha eo le end o be in i ed b diffe en kind of eo le. The ame goe fo being
in i ed b ome hing ne o n al, man e e e ha he ge in i ed b ne e e ience
and hing in a ide a ie of con e . U e a e mo commonl in i ed b eo le ha e ona e
i h hei al e , ho gh leade , o ela i e . The a e bo h in i ed b he ac ion of o he and
35
hei idea . Fo e am le, eo le can be in i ed b cce o ie and o he eo le o e coming
ggle . Thi i clo el ela ed o lea ning and de elo ing hich i ano he o ce of in i a ion.
U e can bo h be in i ed o og e and be in i ed b hei o n o o he og e . When being
in i ed in ofe ional life he mo  f e en  o ce of in i a ion i  og e .
Le common b ill f e en in i a ional o ce a e c l e like a , film , m ic, odca and
mo ie , embodied h o gh aking ac ion in fo e am le od cing m ic and being e o ed o
c l e. C l e in i e d e o he feeling i a aken , ne e befo e een c l al e e ion ,
admi ing he c ea o of he c l al e e ion and d e o am emen . Na e and a eling a e o he
o ce of in i a ion. Na e eem o in i e d e o i bea and calmne hich a aken feeling
and lea e ace fo being in i ed. T a eling e o e he e o ne e e ience and gi e he e
a b eak f om he o dina hich eem o facili a e in i a ion. A fe e ha e men ioned
i i ali and eligion a o ce of in i a ion. Bo h being in i ed b o he eo le in hei eligio
o imi b al o being in i ed b i i ali i elf and b ac ing acco ding o hei al e . Finall ,
ocial media ha been men ioned a a o ce of in i a ion. Social media commonl eem o ac a a
a  of finding in i a ion a he  han being in i a ional in i elf.
Intrinsic inspiration
Man in in ic in i a ional o ce eem o e ona e i h he e al e o goal . Fo e am le,
an ing eo le a o nd hem o be o d of hem and an ing o be o d of hem el e . Clo el
ela ed i he i h o e cel i hin a ce ain a ea o a a e on. U e f e en l men ion being
in i ed hen aking a b eak like going offline in o na e, d i ing alone, aking a ho e , o na ing.
B a ing he e le he in i a ion come o hem, fo e am le h o gh emembe ing an
e e ience. Gene all , ha ing f ee ime facili a e in i a ion. Ho e e , needing change o being
a o ia el  e ed can be a o ce of in i a ion.
The journey from being inspired b something to being inspired to act
To e e ience a hole e iod of in i a ion he e ha o go f om being inspired by o being inspired
to. The jo ne all ake ime, he ac ion i a el immedia e af e being inspired by. The efo e,
in i a ion i o ed in diffe en a n il an a o ia e momen a i e . Some e o e hei
in i a ional con en digi all in fo e am le file , o mobile a lica ion , o h icall b fo
e am le i ing i do n. Some e a e in i a ional con en on Social media, fo e am le on
Pinterest o Instagram. To go f om being inspired by o being inspired to he e m ee he
o ibili ie . The in i a ion can be a c m la i e e e ience o man o ce of in i a ion ha
oge he enable ac ion. The e m e e ience ha he effo e he im ac i ad an ageo ,
meaning ha he mo i a ion o in e e of ac ion i highe han he ime con m ion o effo fo
ac ing.
Being inspired to take action
A majo i of e ha e e e ed ha being in i ed of en a ie in-de h, b commonl he
mo i a ion o in e e o ac on he in i a ion i lo e han he e e ience of in i a ion. The mo
common ea on fo hi i ime con ain . Con ain ela ed o ime a e being e ed, feeling
o e helmed, o no ha ing he men al ca aci fo being in i ed. U e ha e fo nd hem el e in
o i ion hen he e i no o ion b o find in i a ion, hich facili a e ac ion. To ac on in i a ion
he e i al o a need fo ocial o . The e ha e been ca e ha ho no ma e he ime con ain
and f ll ched le  eo le can be in i ed o ac  if he  ha e eno gh mo i a ion and in e e  o do o.
36
6.3 Inspiration personas
The e ona ha a e de i ed f om he 44 in e ie o e e imen a e Helen, B ian, Ina and Ca l.
The e ona a e o ed o be a lemen o he gene al in i a ion g ideline in nde anding
ho  o de ign in i a ional User experiences fo Mentimeter.
Helen  on the quest for the best
Helen i an ambi io e on con an l ing o e ol e
ofe ionall and im o e he e fo mance, ee fig e 6.3.1. She i
al a a en i e o he en i onmen , ea ching fo ne echnolog
ha co ld o he on he e . Helen kno ha he be i o
he e and ha kee ing i h be ac ice and ne elea e i he
be a o a o da e. She ie e onal de elo men and
change a con an in he life. She manage a demanding job and
ca e a lo fo he famil and f iend . If he e a a a o ge mo e
han 24 ho e da , he o ld go fo i . A a ol ion o hi ,
Helen eali ed ea l in he ca ee o foc ene g on he mo
im ac f l a ec of he o k. She i al o con cio o al a
e e he o e of all he ac ion o do ble-check ha he i
efficien . She ie killed e en ing a im o an and i in ig ed b he idea of becoming a highl
killed and effec i e e en e . Helen ea che fo in i a ion eg la l and e he ofe ional
ne o k o ge in i ed. She o en inno a i e ol ion , e o and be ac ice . Mo e
de ail  abo  Helen a e e en ed in able 6.3.1 and 6.3.2
Table 6 3 1  user quotes for users with similar characteristics as the persona Helen
I really have to narrow down my I feel inspired because I know On a regular basis I do read up on
process  What new tools I want to there is always room for articles from McKinsey or Harvard
include  I always ask  is this worth improvement   User 5 5 Business   User 1 5
my time   User 2 1
Table 6 3 2  description of Helen s characteristics
Goals Source of inspiration Frustration  barriers
● Excelling professionally ● Professional Network ● Pressed for time
● Promote change ● Best practices ● Getting everyone
● Increasing efficiency of ● Thought leaders comfortable with change
decision making ● Prioritize influences in life
Priorities and values Needs Opportunities for Mentimeter
● Impact versus effort ● Awareness of efficiency ● Providing content that
● Performance ● Certified quality speaks to skilled users
● Delivering beyond ● Little time consumption ● Facilitating really fast and
expectations effortless processes
Seeing the possibilities Level of inspiration Openness
Low O  High Low O  High Low O  High
37
Brian  always reliant
B ian i no a he fo ef on ai ing fo he ne big hing o a i e, he
l hi colleag e and he en i onmen o g ide him in
ofe ional de elo men , ee fig e 6.3.2. He eali ed a fe ea
ago ha me el ing cl e ed PowerPoint lide doe n c i
an mo e and he a ed hi jo ne o a d im o ing hi
e en a ion kill . He go in i a ion f om colleag e o a he
jo ne , b i ha no been aigh fo a d a B ian an o lea n
e b e . He ake ide in kno ing ha he ca e abo he
a ici an and al e hi lea ning abo e en ing. He i fa cina ed
b e killed eo le and hink i i good o ca ch i h ha i
o he e no and hen. B ian o nd him elf i h like-minded
eo le and engage in ha ing e ion he e he ge e onal
ecommenda ion fo ool ha he co ld e. Tha i ho he enco n e ed Mentimeter. Occa ionall
B ian b o e fo in i a ion online and hen he doe he all a che ideo . B ian find
in i a ion f om o he ' ecommenda ion , fo e am le, he li en o ad ice f om hi colleag e . Mo e
de ail  abo  B ian a e e en ed in able 6.3.3 and 6.3.4.
Table 6 3 3 user quotes for users with similar characteristics as the persona Brian
I am a person who is really I want to do something  putting I do take action at a later point of
making small steps  I would like to things into action feels important time  The gap can be longer  you
grow knowledge step by step  I used Men ime e because I have can be inspired  to take action
User 7 4 done similar things but right away or a year after   User 7 1
analogically before and because
my colleague likes it and I trust
her  I was able to see that is would
be useful for me    User 3 2
Table 6 3 4  description of Brian s characteristics
Goals Source of inspiration Frustrations  barriers
● Avoid boring ● Colleagues and family ● Overwhelmed by the
presentations ● Books available information
● Focus on content ● Conferences
● Not being the last to ● Youtube
change
● Collect input
Priorities and values Needs Opportunities for Mentimeter
● Create enjoyable ● Guidance in how to learn ● Allowing to learn step by
experiences ● Trust in being socially step
● Learn a skill accepted ● Facilitate for participants
to sign up to Men ime e
● Facilitate sharing
presentations
Seeing the possibilities Level of inspiration Openness
Low O  High Low O  High Low O  High
38
Ina  with the world as her inspirational arena
Ina elie on he en i onmen o g ide he , he i o en o an o ce
of in i a ion and find g ea comfo in no kno ing ha ill
in i e he ne , ee fig e 6.3.3. She i no af aid o emba k on a
jo ne of in i a ion, ac all , he eall enjo i . She ha a g ea
a ecia ion fo man hing in life and eali e ha c ea i i i an
im o an a of he life. She ha o gani ed he life o ha
in i a ion come o he , f om f iend , famil , a o k and d ing
he a e ime. Ina o k in a non- ofi o gani a ion o imila ha
l e ona e i h he o e and al e . When he i no
o king he end he ime i h o he a k ha b ing he jo ,
hich co ld be an hing f om coaching he local foo ball eam,
i ing a book, o ing o do elf- fficien ga dening. She find
in i a ion in almo an hing, he belie e being o en o ne e e ience i ke . U all , he find
he elf ge ing in i a ion f om h ing off and aking a b eak fo e am le h o gh oga o being in
na e. Mo e de ail  abo  Ina a e e en ed in able 6.3.5 and 6.3.6.
Table 6 3 5 user quotes for users with similar characteristics as the persona Ina
I love people  I love places  I love I feel like I can change the world  I I think I do not look for
design  technology  architecture work for a public school  I feel like I inspiration  I tend to get inspired
change  a departure from the can contribute to something by people in everyday life little
known in a moral and ethical bigger than myself   User 1 1 2 things jump on me and inspire
sense   User 4 4 me   User 5 2
Table 6 3 6  description of Ina s characteristics
Goals Source of inspiration Frustrations  barriers
● Create memorable ● People demonstrating ● Not being able to realize
experiences resilience and every single inspiration
● Exploring overcoming adversities ● Not being able to engage
● Allowing for creativity ● Taking a break or people that are not as
● Having fun meditating inspired
● Experiences
● Social media
Priorities and values Needs Opportunities for Mentimeter
● Creativity ● Help with organizing and ● Providing visually
● Connect with people prioritizing inspiration stimulating content
● Adventure  big or small ● Support creativity and ● Showing new and
● Fun inspiration out of the box use cases
for Men ime e
● Creating fun content
Seeing the possibilities Level of inspiration Openness
Low O  High Low O  High Low O  High
39
Carl  the caring facilitator
Ca l o k in lea ning and de elo men , ee fig e 6.3.4. He ca e
abo he e e ience of he a ici an and i e o c ea e
memo able momen . He ha eali ed ha o lea n o need o ha e
f n and ac i el a ici a e. He hink ha Mentimeter i a eall
im o an ool o enable j ha . Ca l belie e ha e e one i
ca able of lea ning. He eak of eo le kill a e o e and
he lo e o li en o omeone alking abo ha he a e a iona e
abo . Hi co e al e i incl ion and ha i h he go e ci ed
abo Mentimeter. Ca l al o ecogni e ha he need o be e o ed
o in i a ion o in i e and ha i h he enjo con ming a of
diffe en fo m . Ca l ge in i ed b eo le in hi o imi and
find a o a l i o hi ofe ion. He al o eg la l li en o
he a ici an o ee if he ha e ne idea . He all find him elf in i ed af e ending ime in
na e, a ching a mo ie, o li ening o m ic. Mo e de ail abo Ca l a e e en ed in able 6.3.7
and 6.3.8.
Table 6 3 7 user quotes for users with similar characteristics as the persona Carl
We all have our skill sets and I call I want them to feel happy about I am driven by improving
them superpowers  I try to inspire class and remember it well   User experiences for people I am
others  therefore it is important to C working with   User 6 1
be on the other side as well of
being inspired   User 4 2
Table 6 3 8  description of Carl s characteristics
Goals Source of inspiration Frustrations  barriers
● Inspiring people to learn ● Reading ● Worried about the
● Have participators  stick ● Art experience of the
to the presentation ● Colleagues participants
● Understand the audience ● Nature ● Not being digitally savvy
● Introduce a sense of fun ● Pressed schedule
Priorities and values Finding inspiration Opportunities for Mentimeter
● Comply with participant ● Promote inclusion ● Extend ways to include
needs ● Providing content for skill
● Get everyone onboard development
● Inclusion ● Creating content
exclusively for teachers
● Creating content tailored
to different learning
processes
Seeing the possibilities Level of inspiration Openness
Low O  High Low O  High Low O  High
40
07
Result: Product features  focus areas
The following chapter introduces the result of the product development throughout the project within the
different product areas of focus and product roadmap The result is related to the product and its
characteristics The development of each product focus is presented based on the result from applicable
experiments  The chapter is concluded with the final evaluation
A m ion ba ed on combined heo e ical claim o in igh f om e e ea ch a e he o ce of he
diffe en foc a ea b ilding he od c oadma . The o ce a m ion ha e f eled f he
de elo men and i e a ion of each fea e. The fea e ha e been e ed e e al ime in diffe en
e e imen  and he o ce a m ion  a e e en ed a  an o e ie  in able 7.1.
Table 7 1 an overview of source assumption for each focus area building the product roadmap presented per
feature and corresponding inclusion in experiments
Assumption Feature Tested in
Increased usability will enable users to be inspired to Review of original Experiment 1  Observation 3
use the product product Experiment 4
Offering different types of content will enable users New design of the Experiment 1  1 1  2 and 3
to discover new possibilities and using aesthetically inspiration page
pleasing visuals to showcase the inspirational
content will enable inspiration
Facilitating the creation of visualizing the Ability to preview Experiment 1  1 1  2 and 3
experience of presenting through a preview will templates
allow for users to be inspired to use the product
Increasing the discoverability  by increasing its Extended ability to Experiment 1  1 1 and 2
hierarchy  will allow for users to engage with access templates
templates and become inspired to use Mentimeter
Allowing users to progress and develop competence Ability to progress and Experiment 7 and 8
will enable inspiration to use the product increase competence
Increasing the sense of community within the Ability to take part in Experiment 5 and 7
product will enhance well being which in turn will and enjoy a community
generate more motivated and inspired users
Offering the ability to store and personalize a Ability to store Experiment 3
collection of content will allow the user to feel in inspirational content
control of their inspirational process
If it is possible to find appropriate content  by Ability to find Experiment 3  6 and 8
function and by visuals  the user is more likely to inspirational content
engage with it
If the template allows the user to explore the Ability to explore the Experiment 4  6 and 8
product  they will feel more inspired to apply it to product through
their use cases templates
41
7.1 Review of original product
The foc a ea review of the original product ha been a a of e e imen 1, 3 and 4. The
a m ion and h o he e d i ing he de elo men of he fea e a e e en ed in able 7.1.1. A
mo e de ailed de c i ion of he e l of each a m ion and h o he i i e en ed in he follo ing
ec ion fo  e e imen  1, 3 and 4.
Table 7 1 1 Presentation of the assumptions their sources when it is tested the tested hypothesis and brief result
for the focus area Review of original product
Assumption Source Tested in Hypothesis Result Action
The assumption is Usability Experiment We believe the Users struggled to Renaming
that users are not heuristics 1 assumption is true find inspiration confusing
able to find Nielsen when a majority of users buttons
inspiration in app 1994 struggle to find it
Importance
of source
characteristi
cs Böttger
et al  2017
The assumption is Experiment Experiment We believe the Users struggled Iteration of
that changing the 1 3 assumption is true with understanding experimen
names of buttons when users express the word t to
could increase the correct interpretations of inspiration  but also understan
understanding of alternative names but the alternative d the full
the interface wrong on current words words user
journey
That users are Experiment Experiment We believe the Users were not Complete
comfortable 3 4 assumption is true comfortable analysis of
navigating in when users express that navigating the the
creating a they have not engaged inspiration page experimen
presentation but with the inspiration ts
have not explored previously and struggle
other available with finding it
pages
Experiment 1 and 3
The a m ion i ha e a e no able o find in i a ion. The o iginal in-a a age and
in i a ional age of Mentimeter a o o ed ing Figma, ee fig e 7.1.1 and 7.1.2. On he lef
ide of he in e face, he e can acce he age M e en a ion , In i a ion and B anding &
colo . In he in e face he e i al o able o acce hei e en a ion b ea ching o clicking on
hem, acce ad anced fea e fo each e en a ion, c ea e ne e en a ion and o gani e hei
e en a ion ing folde . Ho e e , he ad anced f nc ionali i no a ailable in he o o e.
Fi e e e e a ked o e lo e he in-a mode and look fo in i a ion in e e imen 1. A majo i
of he e needed a i ance o find he age. The e gene all liked big h mbnail , being able o
ead abo he con en and eeing diffe en a of ing Mentimeter and i fea e . A a e l of
e e imen 1 he a m ion ha changing name of b on co ld inc ea e he nde anding of he
in e face, a e ed in e e imen 3. To e lo e he nde anding of he in e face, he e
e lained ha he e ec ed f om ome b on in he in-a in e face of Mentimeter. The
e e imen a e fo med b i e and ho ed ha e had a i e good nde anding of he
in e face. The b on In i a ion and E am le lide e e a l mi in e e ed. Rega ding
in i a ion, e e e ed ha he e e no e of he con en and one e ho gh i o ld be
o he  e en a ion .
42

Experiment 4
B ilding on he e io e l he a m ion i ha e a e comfo able na iga ing in c ea ing a
e en a ion b ha e no e lo ed o he a ailable age . To e lo e he c en e of he od c , he
e e e a ked o com le e a k in Mentimeter. The o a k e e o recreate a presentation that
they had held previously and o find templates. Fo e e fo med he ob e a ional e . In he fi
ob e a ion, e fel confiden in e fo ming he a k . The fel a if he had con ol o e he
in e face a he  han he o o i e, ee able 7.1.2.
In he econd ob e a ion, none of he e ho e fo med he e had e io l engaged i h
em la e . O of fo e , one e a able o find i i ho g idance, he o he needed
info ma ion on ho o find i . A e o ened a em la e, h ee e e e ed ha i a no
ha he e ec ed. The e e e ec ed mo e i all a ealing em la e , incl ding g a hic
elemen and mo e de ign. T o e e e ed ha being in i ed feel like a ime-con ming and
men all d aining oce . Meaning ha he do no ie i a a ho c o ge idea , b a mo e
o hi ica ed oce ha ill en ail men al o k. T o e e e ed ha he in e face fel
ome ha  con olling, ee able 7.1.2.
Table 7 1 2 mean and average results from the evaluation of the second task to nd em la e using the
TENS scale presented
Learning how I found the The technology I can get the
I feel confident in to use the interface and provides me with interface to do The interface
my ability to use interface was controls useful options the things I feels
the interface difficult confusing and choices want it to controlling
Mean 2 5 2 5 2 5 4 3 2
Average 3 2 2 4 3 2
44
7.2 New design of the Inspiration page
The foc a ea ne de ign of he in i a ion age ha been a a of e e imen 1, 1.1, 2 and 3. The
a m ion and h o he e d i ing he de elo men of he fea e a e e en ed in able 7.2.1. A
mo e de ailed de c i ion of he e l of each a m ion and h o he i i e en ed in he follo ing
ec ion fo  e e imen  1, 1.1, 2 and 3.
Table 7 2 1 Presentation of the assumptions their sources when it is tested the tested hypothesis and brief result
for the focus area New design of the inspiration page
Assumption Source Tested in Hypothesis Result Action
Offering different Discover Experiment 1 We believe the The gathering of Iteration of
types of content will possibilities Experiment assumption is different kinds of design to
enable users to Elliot and 1 1 true when the content was suit the user
discover new Thrash  2004 users voluntarily relatively appreciated comments
possibilities and aesthetically express especially instructive and to
using aesthetically pleasing appreciation for how to videos include
pleasing visuals to visuals the types of moving
showcase the O Brien and content aspects
inspirational content Toms  2008
will enable
inspiration
Users get inspired Aesthetically Experiment 2 We believe the Users appreciate Iteration of
when the silo is pleasing assumption is seeing how the design to
reduced by visuals true when the templates would allow users
introducing O Brien and users express work in use  Some to access
movement in the Toms  2008 appreciation for users prefer visuals different
content the animations while others prefer types of
written content questions
An inspiration start Law of Experiment 3 We believe the The users Complete
page would offer proximity assumption is understood the analysis of
flexibility for Soegaard true when users prototype but the the
different preferences 2020 express start page seemed to experiments
and enable appreciation for be hindering the
inspiration the page engagement with
the content
Experiment 1 and 1.1
The o o e of he in i a ion age incl de diffe en e of con en ch a em la e , e am le
lide and ideo , ee fig e 7.2.1. The a m ion i ha offe ing diffe en e of con en ill
enable e o di co e ne o ibili ie and ing ae he icall lea ing i al o ho ca e he
in i a ional con en ill enable in i a ion. The con en i acce ible b c olling ho i on all . When
ho e ing on he fi em la e he abili o go h o gh he lide and add i o he e e en a ion
a ea ed.
Fi e e e e a ked o e lo e he in-a mode and look fo in i a ion fo e e imen 1. Fo
e e imen 1.1 o e e lo ed he o o e, he i e a ed o o e in e e imen 1.1 incl ded he
abili o e ie . A he change in e e imen 1.1 do no di ec l ela e o he foc a ea he e l
of e e imen 1 and 1.1 i e en ed collec i el . The e fo nd he ho i on al c oll a bi diffic l o
na iga e. The ga he ing of diffe en kind of con en a ela i el a ecia ed, e eciall in c i e
ho - o ideo . Some e  liked ic e  of eo le, colo  and le  ilo.
45

The e e e ed hei e e ience of in i a ion ing cale and a emen , ee able 7.2.2. The
e fel ha hei imagina ion a im la ed b he e e ience and all e fel ome ha
mo i a ed o do ome hing af e  going h o gh he a k, ee able 7.2.2.
Table 7 2 2 mean and average results from evaluating the experience using the customer inspiration scale by
rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5  1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree
I unexpectedly and I discovered I was inspired My interest to I was
My imagination spontaneously got something to do do something motivated to
was stimulated new ideas new something was increased do something
Mean 5 4 4 4 5 5
Average 4 28 3 863 3 86 4 28 4 57 4 57
Experiment 2
The la o age a i e a ed in e e imen 2 acco ding o finding ha gge ed ha he e
a ecia ed eeing diffe en kind of con en on he in i a ion age. The a m ion i ha e ge
in i ed hen he ilo i ed ced b in od cing gif of em la e i h e o e and e ge
in i ed b i en con en . T o e ion of he la o e e e ed, he fi one he e he e e
c ed in o e a a e age i ho blog o , ee fig e 7.2.2 and one incl ded em la e ,
e am le , ideo  and blog o  in a mi ed c e, ee fig e 7.2.3.
The la o e e e ed b fi e e in e e imen 2. The majo i of he e a ecia ed he
mo ing h mbnail and being able o ee ha a e en a ion o ld look like in e. The e
e e ed hei  e e ience of he c ed age ing in i a ion cale , ee able 7.2.3.
Table 7 2 3 mean and average results from evaluating the experience of the structured page using the customer
inspiration scale by rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5 1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly
agree
My I unexpectedly and I was inspired My interest to I was motivated
imagination spontaneously got I discovered to do do something to do
was stimulated new ideas something new something was increased something
Mean 4 3 4 3 4 3
Average 3 4 3 4 3 6 3 2 3 6 3
The e a ecia ed he la ge h mbnail , eeing he in i a ional ma e ial clea and efficien l and
e e mo l in i ed b eeing diffe en a of ing Mentimeter, able 7.2.4. U e men ion ime a
a con ain fo ac ing on a a k of in i a ion and a e men ion i i ha d o di ing i h ha in he
la o a g o ed i h ha . The e e e ome ha di ided be een efe ing a mi ed and
c ed in i a ional age la o . Some e de c ibed an ing he abili o fil e he in i a ion
con en  af e  ha  e of e ion  he  had.
Table 7 2 4 mean and average results from evaluating the experience of the mixed layout using the customer
inspiration scale by rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5 1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly
agree
My I unexpectedly and I discovered I was inspired My interest to I was
imagination spontaneously got something to do do something motivated to
was stimulated new ideas new something was increased do something
Mean 4 3 4 4 3 3
Average 3 8 3 3 6 3 2 3 4 3 2
47
Experiment 3
Af e feedback f om he e in e e imen 2, he la o a i e a ed, c ea ing in e ac ion bo e , o
o cla i and efficienc acco ding o he la of o imi (Soegaa d, 2020). Since he e
e e di ided in efe ing a c ed o mi ed in i a ional age he la o a i e a ed and an
in i a ion a age a con c ed. The a m ion i ha he in i a ion a age o ld offe
fle ibili fo diffe en efe ence and enable in i a ion. On hi age, he e co ld ee h ee
h mbnail each of em la e , e am le and ideo , ee fig e 7.2.5. To ee mo e ma e ial he e
had o go in o one of he con en age . The in e ac ion bo con ain a h mbnail, a colo -coded and
named con en ag, a like b on in he ha e of a hea , ha h ag con aining ha e ion e he
em la e con ain  and a e ie  and edi  o ion.
Figure 7 2 5  prototype of the inspiration start page All assets from Men ime e 2021  used with permission
E e imen 3 had i a ici an . The ima o e of he e e imen a no o a e he la o
and he efo e he e l i limi ed. The e had no i e nde anding he la o b he o o e
a i e imi i e d e o he lack of h mbnail i h image and he efo e f he defini ion and
feedback on he la o  a  needed.
48
7.3 Ability to preview templates
The fea e abili e ie em la e ha e been a a of e e imen 1, 1.1, 2 and 3. The a m ion
and h o he e d i ing he de elo men of he fea e a e e en ed in able 7.3.1. A mo e de ailed
de c i ion of he e l of each a m ion and h o he i i e en ed in he follo ing ec ion fo
e e imen  1, 1.1, 2 and 3.
Table 7 3 1 Presentation of the assumptions their sources when it is tested the tested hypothesis and brief result
for the feature ability to preview templates
Assumption Source Tested in Hypothesis Result Action
Facilitating the Inspired Experiment We believe the Previews are highly Preview
creation of vision people 1 assumption is appreciated by the design is
through preview have a clear experiment true when the users iterated to
will allow for users vision 1 1 users evaluate the facilitate
to be inspired to Thrash and experience as participant
use the product Elliot  2014 inspiring and view
express new
ideas
The users will Experiment Experiment We believe the Users appreciated the The design is
experience 1 and 2 assumption is test votes but preferred iterated to
inspiration experiment true when the the participant view combine the
differently 1 1 users express where they could try to different
depending on the comparative vote themselves preview
type of preview statements options
The users would Experiment Experiment We believe the Mixed results  Some Complete
experience 2 3 assumption is users did not analysis of the
inspiration from a true when the understand the experiments
combined preview users can participant s view
with the ability to understand the More people preferred
see test votes and interface and the test votes over the
vote themselves express that they participant view
through participant are inspired and
view why
Experiment 1 and 1.1
The a m ion facili a ing he c ea ion of i ion h o gh e ie ill allo fo e o be in i ed
o e he od c i a e ed h o gh e e imen 1 and 1.1. The o o e ed in e e imen 1, ee
fig e 7.3.1 and 7.3.2, offe f nc ionali ha allo he e o oggle be een lide , bo h in he
h mbnail ie and in an enla ged ie . The lide ha he e a allo ed o oggle be een e e
a ic image of each lide ho n i h e o e . Ho e e , in he o o e, onl one of he di la ed
em la e had he o ion of e ie . In e e imen 1.1, addi ional abili o e ie a added i h
he a m ion ha e ended abili o e ie ill f he facili a e he c ea ion of i ali a ion . A
man e e e ed ha he e ie allo ed fo i ali a ion of ho he co ld e i in hei
con e , he hie a ch of e ie a al o inc ea ed. In e e imen 1 fi e e e e a ked o e lo e
he o o e mode and look fo in i a ion. The e e e a ked o e e hei ho gh a he
e lo ed he o o e. The e e e o i i e abo big h mbnail a in he o iginal e ion of he
in i a ion age. The e e e cohe en l eall o i i e abo e ie beca e i ga e hem a
be e ic e of he Mentimeter od c and he em la e . U e e e ed e ie a a i al
com onen of he od c o ge an nde anding of ha Mentimeter can do. A majo i of he e
al o e e ed ha being able o la i h he em la e ini ia ed ho gh like Ho can I a l hi
o m con e ? . In e e imen 1.1 o e e ed he o o e and he e l did no de ia e f om
he e l  in e e imen  1.
49

The e e e ed hei e e ience of in i a ion ing cale , ee able 7.3.2. The e l of he
e e ion a cohe en i h he ali a i e da a ha a collec ed a a majo i of he e fel bo h
mo i a ed o do ome hing and di co e ed ome hing ne , ee able 7.3.2.
Table 7 3 2 mean and average results from evaluating the experience using the customer inspiration scale by
rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5 1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree experiment 1 and
1 1 combined
I unexpectedly and I discovered I was inspired My interest to I was
My imagination spontaneously got something to do do something motivated to
was stimulated new ideas new something was increased do something
Mean 4 4 4 4 5 4
Average 3 67 4 4 33 4 4 67 4
Experiment 2
A e a ecia ed he fea e of being able o e ie , i a f he de elo ed. In e e imen 2,
o e ion of e ie e e e ed: e ie i h e o e and e ie i h abili o o e
o elf. The a m ion i ha he e ill e e ience in i a ion diffe en l de ending on he
e of e ie . Te o e i a fea e al ead de elo ed b Mentimeter hich i a ailable hen a
e a e en ing. The fea e i ali e he mo emen ha occ hen a ici an bmi
o e . The e ie i h e o e , ee fig e 7.3.3, allo he e o oggle be een lide , ing
bo h he a o in he la ge image a ell a he ba nde nea h hich allo fo na iga ion h o gh
he a o a ell a clicking on a de i ed lide. Each lide ha mo emen inco o a ed o i ali e
he g a hic fea e of Mentimeter of incoming o e . P e ie i h he abili o o e o elf, ee
fig e 7.3.4, he e can bmi o e h o gh he malle c een o he lef , hich i o ed o
embod a a ici an ie . The e ill ee he e l on he la ge c een o he lef a o e a e
bmi ed. Bo h o o e offe b on ch a cancel, a edi ing, ha e, like and clo e, ho e e ,
hi  f nc ionali  i  no  incl ded in he o o e.
Fi e e e ed bo h o o e and e e a ked o e e hei ho gh . Rega ding P e ie i h
e o e , ee fig e 7.3.3, e a ecia ed eeing he mo emen of he o e coming in. The
e e ed ha eeing he mo emen c ea ed a i ion of ho he a ici an o ld eac o e en ing
ing Mentimeter. Rega ding e ie i h he abili o o e o elf, ee fig e 7.3.4, man e
e e ed ha he i e of he a ici an ie a oo mall. The e al o e e ed conf ion a o
he he i a a mall ie of he e en a ion o he ac al a ici an ie hich ca ed he i a ion
in he in e ac ion i h he in e face. Ho e e , a he e eali ed he f nc ionali he a ecia ed
he fea e. The ea on fo a ecia ion a ha he e aid ha he had o e he e en a ion
man all  befo e o he i e.
The e e e a ked o com a e he o o o e af e he com le ion of he o e . The e l
of he com a i on i ho n in able 7.3.3 and he e e e allo ed o choo e one o he o he , bo h
o nei he . In he e ion: hich one did o efe ? All he e an e ed P e ie o e o elf.
The ea on fo hi a e ha he did ge a be e idea of ha he ha e o a k hei a ici an o do
a ell a he did no need o e hem el e befo e e en ing. The an e o he e ion : Which
one im la ed o imagina ion? And, hich one mo i a ed o o do ome hing? The e l i
conflic ing. The ea on i ha eeing he mo emen of man incoming o e allo he e o
i ali e ha i i like o e en and collec feedback f om a ici an . Ho e e in he la
e ion: hich one ga e o a be e ic e of ha Mentimeter i ? A majo i of e e onded
51
o he e ie o e o elf and hi i ince i make he e en e comfo able in ha he
e e ience of a ici a ing ill be like.
Table 7 3 3 comparison between the two types of preview: vote yourself and test votes Presented with the
amount of users preferring a certain version  out of the total 5 users
Which one did you Which one stimulated Which one motivated Which one gave you a better
prefer your imagination you to do something picture of what Men ime e is
Both 1 3 3 0
Vote
yourself 4 2 2 4
Test votes 0 0 0 1
Experiment 3
A a e l of e e imen 3, he o o e a f he de elo ed. The a m ion i ha he e
o ld e e ience in i a ion f om a combined e ie i h he abili o ee e o e and o e
hem el e h o gh a ici an ie . The fea e o e ie i h e o e and e ie i h he
abili o o e o elf a combined in o one, ee fig e 7.3.5. A he e ggled o iden if he
igh image a a a ici an ie , a de c i i e e a added, ee fig e 7.3.5. To offe addi ional
hel , a de c i ion of he o diffe en e of e ie a added, ee fig e 7.3.5. When a e
ho e  he e ion ma k he me age ho  , ee fig e 7.3.6 and 7.3.7.
Si e e ed he o o e, he e e a ked o e fo m ecific a k and e e hei ho gh .
Pa ici an ie a con i en l a ecia ed, ho e e , he e did no con ide i a nece i .
De i e he added de c i i e e , ome e ggled o nde and ha he e e able o o e b
clicking on he c een. Some e e e no able o nde and he conce of a ici an ie . U e
e e able o nde and ha he big image in he o o e a he e en a ion a ell a na iga e
be een diffe en lide . A majo i of hem e e able o n on e o e and nde and he
diffe ence be een he o e ion  of e ie . The n he i ed e l  a e e en ed in able 7.3.4.
Table 7 3 4  mean and average results from the evaluation of the tasks using the TENS scale presented
Learning I found the The technology I can get the
I feel confident in how to use interface and provides me with interface to do
my ability to use the interface controls useful options and the things I want The interface
the interface was difficult confusing choices it to feels controlling
Mean 3 5 2 5 2 5 4 5 3 2
Average 3 67 2 33 2 67 1 17 3 33 1 83
52

7.4 Extended ability to access templates
The fea e e ended abili o acce em la e ha been a a of e e imen 1, 1.1 and 2. The
a m ion and h o he e d i ing he de elo men of he fea e a e e en ed in able 7.4.1. A
mo e de ailed de c i ion of he e l of each a m ion and h o he i i e en ed in he follo ing
ec ion fo  e e imen  1, 1.1 and 2.
Table 7 4 1 Presentation of the assumptions their sources when it is tested the tested hypothesis and brief
result for the feature extended ability to access templates
Assumption Source Tested in Hypothesis Result Action
Increasing the Discovera Experime We believe the Users did not notice the Iteration adding
discoverability  by bility nt 1 assumption is shortcut to templates more attention to
increasing its Norman Experime true when Experiment 1  Users did the feature
hierarchy  will 2013 nt 1 1 users engage immediately notice and a
allow for users to with it without few used the shortcut
engage with hesitation One user mentioned it
templates and being forced on her
become inspired Experiment 1 1
to use Men ime e
The shortcut to Result Experime We believe the The shortcut was merely Complete analysis
templates need to experime nt 2 assumption is noticed of the experiments
be highlighted to nt 1 1 true when
be noticed  yet users engage
not forced on the with it without
user hesitation
Experiment 1 and 1 1
To inc ea e he di co e abili of em la e he e e added o he in-a a age. The in e face
offe acce o em la e on he a age in-a . The a m ion i ha inc ea ing he
di co e abili , b inc ea ing i hie a ch , ill allo fo e o engage i h em la e and become
in i ed o e Mentimeter. When a e ho e o e he em la e mo e info ma ion i offe ed and a
b ief e ie of he em la e i a ailable, allo ing he e o go h o gh he lide . The e i al o
able o add he e en a ion in he in e face. The e a e o a o each he in i a ion age, b
clicking on he b on in i a ion o he lef and he b on belo he di la ed em la e called mo e
in i a ion, ee fig e 7.4.1.
In e e imen 1 he fea e a nno iced d ing he e b all fi e e . A a e l of limi ed
a en ion, in e e imen 1.1, o he add em la e on he a age in-a , he fea e a enhanced b
adding colo , ee fig e 7.4.1. The o o e ha imila f nc ionali a he fi i e a ion. In
e e imen 1.1 e fo nd he in i a ion age ea il hen he em la e e e highligh ed on he My
presentation age. One e men ioned ha i a anno ing o ha e he em la e on he age and
men ioned i  feeling in he a  and being fo ced on he .
Experiment 2
A a e l of e e imen 1, he elemen o each in i a ion a ede igned, ee fig e 7.4.2. The
a e ed a m ion a ha he ho c o em la e need o be highligh ed o be no iced, e no
fo ced on he e . The elemen of e e al em la e a e laced b a g a hic image and a b on,
ee fig e 7.4.2. Fi e e e ed he in e face, ho e e , li le a en ion a di ec ed o a d he
elemen . Which co ld indica e ha he inc ea ed hie a ch of acce ing he in i a ion age ha no
been cce f l.
54

7.5 Ability to progress and increase competence
The fea e abili o og e and inc ea e com e ence ha been a a of e e imen 7 and 8. The
a m ion d i ing he de elo men of he fea e a e e en ed in able 7.5.1. A mo e de ailed
de c i ion of he e l of each a m ion and h o he i i e en ed in he follo ing ec ion fo
e e imen  7 and 8.
Table 7 5 1 Presentation of the assumptions their sources when it is tested the tested hypothesis and brief
result for the ability to progress and increase competence
Assumption Source Tested in Hypothesis Result Action
Allowing users to Goal Experiment We believe the Users were inspired Iterations on
progress and achievement 7 assumption is to pursue learnings the progress
develop process true when the and felt exposed to page to
competence will Milyavskaya et users express that new possibilities increase
enable inspiration al  2012  User s they have gotten They also usability
to use the product need for new ideas or are appreciated using Increased the
competence intrigued to learn Men ime e to level of
Hassenzahl more learn  They felt that difficulty in
2010 the interface was a learning
Work mastery bit crowded and the Men ime e
motivation level of difficulty through
Thrash  Elliot was too low to give Men ime e
2004 new ideas
Increasing the level Experiment 7 Experiment We believe the Users appreciated Iterations
of difficulty and 8 assumption is learning by doing according to
increasing the true when the but would have results
visual clarity of the users express that wanted a timer Complete
progress page they have gotten displaying time analysis of
would put ease on new ideas or are consumption the
initiating intrigued to learn experiments
inspiration for the more
users
Experiment 7
The a m ion i ha allo ing e o og e and de elo com e ence ill enable in i a ion o
e he od c . To embod hi a m ion o idea e e de elo ed. The fi idea a o i ali e
he og e and allo fo he di co e of diffe en lea ning . The econd idea a o e he od c
Mentimeter o lea n abo  he od c .
Visualizing progress
To i ali e he og e of diffe en lea ning fo he e a o o e a c ea ed. The o o e ha
h ee o ic o lea n abo hich each ha fo e . Once a e i com le ed he e n g een,
ee fig e 7.5.1. Fo each a k i hin a o ic, he e e e e e al e o com le e i h e o ce o
o ide in igh  i hin he a k, ee fig e 7.5.2.
Fo e a ici a ed in e e imen 7 and he e e a ked o e lo e ha he co ld lea n in
Mentimeter. Th ee o of fo e e e ed ha he e e im la ed b he age and ha he
enjo ed finding o ha he co ld lea n in Mentimeter. One e e e ed ha he e lea ning
co ld al o be beneficial in o he i a ion o he han ing Mentimeter hich mo i a ed hem o
engage i h i . Th ee o of fo e e e ed ha he go a ide ie of he o ibili ie in
Mentimeter and a ecia ed he diffe en hing he co ld lea n. One e e e ed ha he co ld
de elo  hei  kill  fa e  ing he og e  age.
56

When a ked o a e he le el of in i a ion f om he e e ience he e e e ed a i e high le el
of in i a ion, ee able 7.5.2.
Table 7 5 2 mean and average results from evaluating the experience of the progress page using the customer
inspiration scale by rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5 1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly
agree
I unexpectedly and I discovered I was inspired My interest to I was
My imagination spontaneously got something to do do something motivated to
was stimulated new ideas new something was increased do something
Mean 3 4 4 4 4 5
Average 3 3 67 4 33 4 4 3 67
Using Mentimeter to learn Mentimeter
Fo e al a ing if ing Mentimeter o lea n abo ho o e he od c a e en a ion i h
in e ac i e fea e ing Mentimeter a de elo ed. The e en a ion e lained he mo common
e ion e  of Mentimeter and le e aged a en e of h mo  o engage f he .
The e e e a ked o ilen l go h o gh he e en a ion and e al a e hei e e ience. Fo e
e fo med he a k. Th ee o of fo e liked he fea e and a ecia ed he abili o in e ac i h
he od c o lea n i in a im le and fa a . Th ee o of fo e al o liked he diffe en fea e
ed in he e en a ion a ell a he i al con en , ch a image and gif . T o e e e ed
he le el of lea ning a being oo elemen a , ho e e , he e e ill en e ained b i . One e al o
e e ed ha he e e ience b o gh an nde anding of he e e ience of a a ici a o in a
e en a ion. When e al a ing ho in i ed he e e e b he e e ience all e e e ed ha
hei in e e o do ome hing a inc ea ed, ha he e e mo i a ed o do ome hing and in i ed o
do ome hing, ee able 7.5.3.
Table 7 5 3 mean and average results from evaluating the experience using the customer inspiration scale by
rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5  1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree
I unexpectedly and I discovered I was inspired My interest to I was
My imagination spontaneously got something to do do something motivated to
was stimulated new ideas new something was increased do something
Mean 3 5 4 3 5 3 5 4 4
Average 3 25 3 25 3 25 3 75 4 25 3 75
Experiment 8
A a e l of e e imen 7, he idea a i e a ed. The i e a ion con i ed of inc ea ing he le el of
diffic l of he Mentimeter e en a ion o lea n he od c and ed cing he amo n of e in he
diffe en a k . The a m ion a ha inc ea ing he le el of diffic l and inc ea ing he i al
cla i of he og e age o ld an ea e in ini ia ing in i a ion fo he e . In he o o e
fo i ali ing og e , he de c i i e e ha been e laced i h mbol , ee fig e 7.5.3. The
in e ac ion a e n follo  he ame a  he o o e in e e imen  7.
Fo e e e a ked o find o he e he co ld lea n abo la o and c omi a ion and engage
i h he lea ning. All e nde ood he o e of he age and e e ed ha he e e in i ed
b eeing ne hing . Th ee o of fo e a ecia ed lea ning b doing and he al o go ne
58
idea f om engaging i h he e en a ion in e m of he ecific o ic. U e 8.1 o ld ha e
a ecia ed ge ing an e ima ion of ho long i o ld ake o com le e he lea ning, hi e al o
ho gh ha he h ee le el ho ld ha e been be e e lained. The majo i of he e nde ood
he og e ion of he h ee le el , he fi being ba ic, he econd being in e media e and he la
being ad anced. When he e e e a ked o a e he e e ience all e ag eed ha he go ne
idea  f om i , ee able 7.5.4. h ee e  a ed ha  he  di co e ed ome hing ne .
Table 7 5 4 mean and average results from evaluating the experience using the customer inspiration scale by
rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5  1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree
I unexpectedly and I discovered My interest to do
My imagination spontaneously got something I was inspired to something was I was motivated
was stimulated new ideas new do something increased to do something
Mean 3 5 4 3 5 3 4 3
Average 3 25 3 5 4 3 4 3 25
7.6 Ability to take part in and enjoy a community
The fea e abili o ake a in and enjo a comm ni ha been a a of e e imen 5 and 7. The
a m ion d i ing he de elo men of he fea e a e e en ed in able 7.6.1. A mo e de ailed
de c i ion of he e l of each a m ion and h o he i i e en ed in he follo ing ec ion fo
e e imen  5 and 7.
Table 7 6 1 Presentation of the assumptions their sources when it is tested the tested hypothesis and brief result
for the focus area Ability to take part in and enjoy a community
Assumption Source Tested in Hypothesis Result Action
Learning and METUX Gaggioli et Experiment We believe Users do Iteration to
interacting with other al  2019 5 the understand the only include
users will increase a Relatedness Experiment assumption feature and parts of the
sense of belonging and Hassenzahl  2010 7 is true when claim to use features and
wellbeing and introduce Identifying new users express similar features complete
the user to new ideas Thrash value in and would use analysis of
possibilities which will Elliot  2004 being able to the community the
increase the  inspiration Interviews take part in a features experiments
to use the tool Experiment 1 5 community
Experiment 5
The idea of ing a comm ni a a o ce fo in i a ion i ba ed on in e ie and e e imen 1-5
he e he e l ho ha ac icall all a ici an ge in i ed b o he eo le. The a m ion i
ha lea ning and in e ac ing i h o he e ill inc ea e a en e of belonging and ellbeing and
in od ce he e o ne o ibili ie . Acco ding o he a m ion, hi ill gene a e mo e
mo i a ed and in i ed e . The idea e ed a fo all Mentimeter e o be able o load
em la e made in Mentimeter. The em la e e e ho n nde a comm ni ca ego on he
E lo e e en a ion age, ee fig e 7.6.1. The e can ha e a comm ni ofile, of hem el e
he e he can i e a ho in od c ion and load a ofile ic e. On he comm ni ofile, he
e  loaded em la e  a e ga he ed.
59

All fi e a ici a ing e nde ood he o e of and ho o in e ac i h he comm ni age.
The feedback on he comm ni age a i e ne al i h he e claiming he e imila
fea e and ha he o ld e he fea e on he Mentimeter age o look a ha o he e ha e
done. When he e e e a ked o e al a e he e e ience almo all ag eed ha he e e
mo i a ed o do ome hing, ee able 7.6.2.
Table 7 6 2 mean and average results from evaluating the experience using the customer inspiration scale by
rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5  1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree
I unexpectedly and I discovered I was inspired My interest to I was
My imagination spontaneously got something to do do something motivated to
was stimulated new ideas new something was increased do something
Mean 3 3 5 4 4 5
Average 2 8 2 6 3 8 3 8 4 2 4 4
Experiment 7
The a m ion i ha being able o lea n and in e ac i h o he e ill inc ea e a en e of
belonging and in od ce ne idea and he efo e in i e o e he ool. The o o e e ed in
e e imen 7 a a de elo men of he Hel Cen e . The Hel Cen e a e ended b adding
f nc ionali ha allo ed e o in e ac i h each o he and a k e ion . I i c ed b o ic
and if a e  choo e  a o ic, a c een allo ing hem o in e ac  a ea , ee fig e 7.6.2.
In e e imen 7 fo e a ici a ed and he e e a ked o find hel f om o he e of
Mentimeter on a ecific e ion. While in e ac ing, a majo i of he e had o ble finding he
age. Th ee o of fo e e e ed ha he an o im o e hei kill and a o en ial in a
di c ion fo m. One e e e ed ha he co ld e he fo m o lea n mo e abo e en ing
and Mentimeter. Ho e e , a majo i e e ed ha he do no ac i el con ib e o a fo m b
ha he ome ime in e ac i h hem o find an e o hei e ion . When a ing he le el of
in i a ion f om he e e ience, he e eemed o e e ience a i e high le el of in i a ion, ee
able 7.6.3. The main ea on fo hi i ha he e di co e ed ne o ic ha he e io l had
no  een befo e b  al o beca e he  a  an o o ni o e cel in a kill.
Table 7 6 3 mean and average results from evaluating the experience using the customer inspiration scale by
rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5  1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree
I unexpectedly
and I discovered My interest to I was
My imagination spontaneously something I was inspired to do do something motivated to
was stimulated got new ideas new something was increased do something
Mean 4 4 4 4 4 4
Average 4 3 67 3 33 4 3 67 3 33
61
7.7 Ability to store inspirational content
The fea e abili o o e in i a ional con en ha been a a of e e imen 2 and 3. The
a m ion d i ing he de elo men of he fea e a e e en ed in able 7.7.1. A mo e de ailed
de c i ion of he e l of each a m ion and h o he i i e en ed in he follo ing ec ion fo
e e imen  2 and 3.
Table 7 7 1 Presentation of the assumptions their sources when it is tested the tested hypothesis and brief result
for the focus area ability to store inspirational content
Assumption Source Tested in Hypothesis Result Action
Offering the ability to METUX Peters et Experiment We believe Users claim Iterations to
store and personalize a al  2018  the 2 the they would use increase
collection of content prerequisite of Experiment assumption is the feature and usability
will allow the user to inspiration Elliot 3 true when that they use Complete
feel in control of their and Thrash  2010 users express similar features analysis of
inspirational process Autonomy appreciation in other the
Hassenzahl  2010 for the feature software experiments
Experiment 2 and 3
The a m ion e ed in e e imen 2 and 3 i Offe ing he abili o o e and e onali e a
collec ion of con en ill allo fo he e o feel in con ol of hei in i a ional oce . The o e
o like mbol i a hea , in alignmen i h he abili la con in i i h he o ld. The age
he e he liked con en i ga he ed i loca ed on he igh ide of he fil e on he ho i on al fil e
men . The em la e a e o ed b clicking he ame hea mbol b on he do n igh co ne of he
h mbnail , a fea e ha  a  no  o o ed, ee fig e 7.7.1 and 7.7.2.
Figure 7 7 1 prototype of the heart symbol to save inspirational content for experiment 2 All assets from
Mentimeter 2021  used with permission
Figure 7 7 2 prototype of the iterated save button for experiment 3 All assets from Mentimeter 2021 used with
permission
E e imen 2 a cond c ed b fi e e . U e men ioned ing he a e fea e in o he of a e
and claimed ha he o ld e he a e f nc ion if a ailable. Ho e e , d e o lack of ol n a
a en ion, he fea e need o be f he e lo ed. E e imen 3 a cond c ed b i e . The
e e imen indica ed ha all e nde ood he a e fea e and ho o e i , and a fe e
men ioned ha he e imila fea e in o he og am and o ld e i in Mentimeter if i a
a ailable.
62
7.8 Ability to find inspirational content
The fea e Abili o find in i a ional con en ha been a a of e e imen 1, 1.1, 3, 6 and 8. The
a m ion d i ing he de elo men of he fea e a e e en ed in able 7.8.1. A mo e de ailed
de c i ion of he e l of each a m ion and h o he i i e en ed in he follo ing ec ion fo
e e imen  1, 1.1, 3, 6 and 8.
Table 7 8 1 Presentation of the assumptions their sources when it is tested the tested hypothesis and brief
result for the feature ability to find inspirational content
Assumption Source Tested in Hypothesis Result Action
If it is possible to Discoverabili Experiment 1 We believe the When performing the Ideation of
find appropriate ty Norman and 1 1 assumption is tasks  the users did new ways to
content  by 2013  design Experiment true when the under their tasks allow users to
function and by for 3 users use the understand how to find
visuals  the user engagemen filters and feel in interact with the filters inspirational
is more likely to t O Brien control They expressed that content and
engage with it and Toms they felt confident in iteration of
2008 the task design
Allowing users to Interviews Experiment We believe the When interacting with Iteration of the
find templates and 6 assumption is the prototype all of the visual filter
based on visuals experiment true when the participants expressed
would increase 1  1 1  2  3  4  5 users experience that they were drawn to
the inspiration to increased the mood boards
engage with inspiration as a however  it seemed
them and the result time consuming and
product intrusive
With a less Experiment Experiment We believe the A majority of the users Complete
intrusive filter 6 8 assumption is appreciate being able analysis of the
users will still be true when the to filter based on mood experiments
able to users experience or colors
experience visual increased
inspiration but inspiration as a
without feeling result
overwhelmed
and as a result
engage with the
product
Experiment 1, 1.1 and 3
E e imen 1, 1.1 and 3 e ed he a m ion ha if i i o ible o find a o ia e con en , b
f nc ion, he e i mo e likel o engage i h i . To facili a e finding a o ia e con en fil e a e
c ea ed in he o o e. E e imen 1 e ed fil e , ee fig e 7.8.1 and 7.8.2. E e imen 3 e ed
o e ion of he fil e ing f nc ionali , ee fig e 7.8.3 and 7.8.4. The e ion diffe in ho he
e elec em la e , fo e am le lide , o ideo . In one e ion he o ion i hidden in a fil e
called Con en , ee fig e 7.8.4, and in he o he e ion, he choice a e i ible abo e, ee fig e
7.8.3. To f he limi he elec ion of em la e , b clicking on a fil e , addi ional choice a e
a ailable, ee fig e 7.8.5, f nc ionali  hich i iden ical fo  he o o o e .
63

Se en e a ici a ed in e e imen 1 and 1.1, ho e e a he e e e onl a ked o e lo e
he in i a ional con en of he o o e and no di ec l he fil e ing o ion , no e engaged i h i .
Si e a ici a ed in e e imen 3 and he e e a ked o e lain e e o d of he fil e bo h
ela ed o em la e and ideo . Af e ha he e e a ked o e fo m a a k ha e i ed fil e ing,
h ee e e ed e ion A and o e e ed e ion B. The e e e ed ha he o ld
e ec f om each fil e and no e a able o nde and he fil e Con en . Ho e e , a majo i
of e did no in e ac i h he fil e con en a he had al ead eached he de i ed e of con en
h o gh o he  a .
Experiment 6
De i ed f om he e io e e imen and e choo ing em la e ba ed on i al cha ac e i ic ,
he a m ion ha allo ing e o find em la e ba ed on i al o ld inc ea e he in i a ion o
engage i h hem and he od c . The idea a ha ba ed on mood boa d , he e o ld ge
a o ia e em la e gge ion . The o o e e ed in e e imen 6 con i ed of i diffe en
mood boa d i hin h ee heme hich a e minimali , na e and jo , ee fig e 7.8.6. Fo each
heme, he e co ld choo e be een o diffe en colo ale e . Fo e e ale e and mood boa d,
he e  go  h ee gge ion  of em la e .
The e e e a ked o find in i a ion fo a em la e ing he o o e and fi e e a ici a ed.
When in e ac ing i h he o o e all of he a ici an e e ed ha he e e d a n o he
mood boa d . T o e e e ed ha he o ld e he mood boa d if he e e no e ed fo
ime. A majo i of he e al o e e ed ha he hink i i a g ea a o a he oce of
c ea ing a e en a ion beca e i im la e idea ion. T o e aid ha he fel ligh l
o e helmed b he image and fel like i migh be a ime-con ming ac i i . When he e e e
a ked o a e he le el of in i a ion, a majo i of he e  e e i e in i ed, ee able 7.8.2.
Table 7 8 2 mean and average results per user from evaluating the experience using the customer inspiration
scale by rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5  1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree
I unexpectedly
and I discovered I was inspired My interest to I was
My imagination spontaneously got something to do do something motivated to
was stimulated new ideas new something was increased do something
Mean 4 5 3 2 3 5 3 5 3 5
Average 4 3 25 2 5 3 75 3 25 3 75
Experiment 8
A ome e in e e imen 6 e e ed ha he moodboa d fel o e helming and
ime-con ming, he idea a i e a ed o ha i i an addi ional fil e fo finding em la e . The
a m ion i ha he e ill ill be able o e e ience i al in i a ion b i ho feeling
o e helmed and a a e l engage i h he od c . The o o e e ed in e e imen 8 ha a fil e
called De ign & colo hich allo he e o choo e a heme and colo ale e fo he em la e he
o ld like o engage i h. The i al fil e ha a ea hen he e click on De ign & colo ha
he ame mood boa d  and colo  ale e  a  in e e imen 6, ee fig e 7.8.7.
65

The e e e a ked o fil e em la e ba ed on a colo cheme and ibe he liked and e lain h .
Fo e a ici a ed and a majo i of he e a ecia e being able o fil e ba ed on mood o
colo . All e belie e ha colo and de ign la a big ole in c ea ing a e en a ion and being
able o ha e diffe en colo cheme fo diffe en e en a ion i im o an . All e a a en ion o
ha i in he lide and i de ign and one e e e ed ha i al cla i i im o an . When a ked
o a e he e e ience, all e ag eed ha hei imagina ion a im la ed and ha he go ne
idea , ee able 7.8.3. Ho e e , he  e e no  a mo i a ed o do ome hing.
Table 7 8 3 mean and average results from evaluating the experience using the customer inspiration scale by
rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5  1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree
I unexpectedly and I discovered I was inspired My interest to I was
My imagination spontaneously got something to do do something motivated to
was stimulated new ideas new something was increased do something
Mean 4 4 5 4 5 4 3
Average 4 4 4 25 4 25 4 3 5
7.9 Ability to explore the product through templates
The fea e abili o e lo e he od c h o gh em la e ha been a a of e e imen 6 and 8.
The a m ion d i ing he de elo men of he fea e a e e en ed in able 7.9.1. A mo e de ailed
de c i ion of he e l of each a m ion and h o he i i e en ed in he follo ing ec ion fo
e io  finding , e e imen  6 and 8.
Table 7 9 1 Presentation of the assumptions their sources when it is tested the tested hypothesis and brief result
for the ability to explore the product through templates
Assumption Source Tested in Hypothesis Result Action
If the template Experime Experim We believe The users seem to like The results are analysed
allows the user to nt 1  2  4 ent 6 the templates with colors and templates are
explore the and 5 assumption and pictures that give designed according to
product  they will is true when the audience some kind feedback
feel more inspired the users of stimuli without being
to apply it to their express overwhelming
use cases specific
wants
Based on users Experime Experim We believe The result indicates that Complete analysis of the
feedback  there is nt 6 ent 8 the color  and design experiments
a perfect template assumption preferences vary which
that generates is true when indicates a need for
inspiration the users using different designs
express and color schemes
specific when designing
wants inspiring templates
Experiment 6
E e imen 1,2,4,5 ho ca ed em la e a being he main o ce of in i a ion in Mentimeter.
The efo e, e e imen 6 in e iga ed ha e of em la e he e find in i ing o non-in i ing
o la a fo nda ion fo he de elo men of in i ing em la e . The e ed a m ion i if he
em la e allo he e o e lo e he od c , he ill feel mo e in i ed o a l i o hei e
ca e . The e e e a ked o b o e he em la e of he Mentimeter in-a age and cho e o o
com a e. Al o, he e a a ked o e a e a e en a ion o lide ha he liked. Fi e e
cond c ed he e e imen and he e l e e ome ha ca e ed b ho ed clea indica ion on
67
clea and c ed em la e i h a clea me age and io i i ing da a and a me age befo e e i
a ecia ed. The e eem o like em la e i h colo and ic e ha gi e he a dience ome
kind of im li i ho  being o e helming.
Experiment 8
E e imen 6 indica ed ha clea and c ed em la e i h a foc on i al im li and clea
me age a he han a lo of info ma ion a e de i ed. F he mo e, he e eem o like i all
im la ing em la e i h he a o ia e e of colo and ic e . The a m ion i ha ba ed on
e ' feedback, he e a e em la e ha gene a e in i a ion. The efo e i diffe en em la e e e
de igned o follo he e inci le . The em la e e e inco o a ed in o a o o e of an In i a ion
age he e he e  co ld ee he i  em la e  and e ie  hem, ee fig e 7.9.1.
Figure 7 9 1 prototype of template page with preview only showing two out of the six templates All assets from
Mentimeter 2021  used with permission
Fo a ici an did he e and he e l indica ed ha he e a ecia ed em la e i h li le
e , clea fon and gene al i al cla i . F he mo e, ne a of ing he e ion e , ne
e am le of o ic and con en , a ell a , inno a i e la o a k in e e and in i a ion. A een
in o he e e imen , ome e a e no in e e ed in ie ing em la e n ela ed o hei field, hich
indica e a need fo diffe en e of con en and la o ha a ac diffe en kind of e .
Rega ding he diffe en la o , he e l indica e ha colo - and de ign- efe ence a hich
indica e a need fo ing diffe en de ign and colo cheme hen de igning in i ing em la e .
Ho e e , he e e e ed being in i ed b eeing diffe en con en and e ca e a ell a
nde anding ho o e he la o , fon and colo o ion o c omi e hei e en a ion . When
he e  e e a ked o e al a e he e e ience a majo i  fel  in i ed in gene al, ee able 7.9.2.
Table 7 9 2 mean and average results from evaluating the experience using the customer inspiration scale by
rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5  1 being strongly disagree and 5 being strongly agree
My I unexpectedly and I discovered I was inspired My interest to I was
imagination spontaneously got something to do do something motivated to
was stimulated new ideas new something was increased do something
Mean 4 4 5 5 4 3 4
Average 4 4 4 4 3 25 3 25
68
7.10 Final evaluation
The o e of he final e al a ion i o allo e o e lo e he od c i ho c ea ing a
e en a ion and a e he he a ea o ide of ha can a k in i a ion. In he final e al a ion, all
a m ion  e en ed in able 7.10.1 a e a e ed.
Table 7 10 1 Presentation of the assumptions the feature their sources and the tested hypothesis and brief result
for the final evaluation
Assumption Feature Source Hypothesis
Allowing users to explore Ability to preview Interviews We believe the assumption is
templates will facilitate the templates  Extended ability Experiment 3 true when the users verbalize
creation of a vision and to access templates  Ability Experiment 2 their new ideas
plans for how to use the to explore the product Experiment 8
product through templates
Understanding the Ability to progress and Experiment 7 We believe the assumption is
progress will motivate users increase competence Experiment 8 true when the users explain
to start learning more their appreciation for
about Men ime e progression and how they
would go about it
The connection between Ability to take part in and Interviews We believe the assumption is
users will feel like there is a enjoy a community Experiment 5 true when the users talk about
way to learn from others Experiment 7 other users as a resource
Enhanced usability will New design of the Experiment 3 We believe the assumption is
make users feel confident Inspiration page  Ability to Experiment 8 true when the users feel
in navigating the interface store and find inspirational Experiment 2 confident navigating the
content interface
The final e al a ion e ed a final de ign, combining e e al of he de elo ed fea e . The o o e
con ain a a age, ee fig e 7.10.1, in i a ion age, ee fig e 7.10.2, i h e ie and og e
age, ee fig e 7.10.3. The o o e doe no allo he e o go in o edi mode, ha ed, b anding
and colo , o o c ea e a ne folde . The fil e in he in i a ion lib a co ld be ho n b no
a lied. Fo he og e age, ee fig e 7.10.3, onl ome of he a k co ld be ho n. The lea ning
e e ience called Men i chool i no di ec l connec ed o he o o e a in ended in a com le el
de elo ed de ign.
The final e al a ion a e fo med b e and non- e of Mentimeter, a o al of fo e and
fi e non- e e fo med he e al a ion. The main diffe ence be een e and non- e a ha
he e eem o nde and all a of he de ign o a ome ha la ge e en han he non- e .
Ho e e , mo a ici an nde ood all a of he de ign and men ioned ge ing an inc ea ed
in e e in ing Mentimeter, finding ne in i a ion and ge ing ne idea fo ho o a l
Mentimeter in hei con e . The mo c cial finding i ha man of he a ici an eali ed ha
Menimeter i a e en a ion ool, a he han onl an in e ac i e e en a ion ool fo o ing and o d
clo d . The eali ed ha Mentimeter allo hem o c ea e ae he icall lea ing, com ehen ible
and f n e en a ion .
69

The e e e a ked ecificall abo each fea e if he did no ol n a il engage i h hem and
he e l i e en ed in a able, ee able 7.10.2. In gene al, he e nde ood he fea e , ee
able 7.10.2.
Table 7 10 2  qualitative findings for each feature from the final evaluation
Feature Qualitative findings
New design of the inspiration The inspiration page and the preview allows the users to understand the
page and the ability to preview potentials of Men ime e through showing what a presentation would look
content like  All participants understood the page and preview and maneuvered them
easily
Ability to store and find All participants understood the features and many users mentioned using
inspirational content similar features in other softwares
Ability to take part in and enjoy Most of the users seem to enjoy being able to use other people s templates
a community since it will give a larger variety of templates for them to choose from
Ability to progress and increase All users understood the page  some explored new features through the page
competence and others thought the page would support their learning
Ability to explore the product Through the templates  users seem to get a wider understanding of
through templates Men ime e as a presentation software rather than only a voting tool
When a ked o a e he illingne o e Mentimeter befo e he e lo a ion of he o o e, he
e e e al ead de e mined o kee ing he od c , ee able 7.10.3. The a ed hei illingne
high befo e and af e ing he o o e. S ill, ome e e e ed ha he eali ed ha
Mentimeter co ld be a lied on mo e a ea han ha he ho gh befo e e lo ing. The diffe ence
be een befo e e lo a ion and af e i g ea e fo he non- e , ee able 7.10.3, and a e f3
e e ed, “...20 minutes ago I just thought that Mentimeter was a code that you can share and do
polls. That was Mentimeter to me. Now it is like another tool to do presentations and share
presentations…” - User f3. The diffe ence in illingne be een befo e and af e f ee e lo a ion of
he o o e fo non- e a bigge . Befo e he non- e a ed hei illingne o 4.6 and af e o
7.2, ee able 7.10.3.
Table 7 10 3 rating willingness to use Men ime e before exploration of the prototype and after exploration
Rating on a scale of 1 to 10  1 being not willing and 10 being very willing
Before After
Mean   users 10 10
Average  users 9 75 9 75
Mean  non users 4 7
Average non users 4 6 7 2
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The e e e al o a ked o a e hei e e ience of in i a ion af e com le ing he e , incl ding
he lea ning e e ience ing Mentimeter, ee able 7.10.4. In gene al, he e and non- e
imagina ion a  im la ed and hei  in e e  o do ome hing inc ea ed, ee able 7.10.4.
Table 7 10 4 mean and average results for users and non users from evaluating the experience using the
customer inspiration scale by rating the statements on a scale of 1 to 5 1 being strongly disagree and 5 being
strongly agree
I unexpectedly and I discovered I was inspired My interest to I was
My imagination spontaneously got something to do do something motivated to
was stimulated new ideas new something was increased do something
Mean  users 5 3 5 4 5 5 5
Average  users 4 75 3 25 4 25 4 25 4 75 5
Mean
non users 5 4 4 4 4 4
Average
non users 4 4 3 4 3 8 4 2 4 2 3 6
When a e ing he abili of he in e face, bo h e and non- e fel confiden in hei abili o
e he in e face and did no find he in e face conf ing, ee able 7.10.5. Ho e e , he e and
non- e e e n e he he he co ld ge he in e face o do he hing he an i o and ha i
mainl d e o he fac ha he o o e a limi ed in f nc ionali and he co ld no e lo e
e e hing, ee able 7.10.5.
Table 7 10 5 mean and average results for users and non users from the evaluation of the tasks using the
TENS scale presented
I feel confident Learning how I found the The technology I can get the The
in my ability to to use the interface and provides me with interface to do interface
use the interface was controls useful options and the things I want feels
interface difficult confusing choices it to controlling
Mean  users 4 2 5 1 5 4 5 3 5 2
Average  users 4 2 5 2 4 5 3 5 2
Mean
non users 5 1 2 4 3 5 2
Average
non users 4 6 1 8 1 8 4 25 3 25 2 2
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08
Final design
The following chapter introduces the final design together with a summary of supporting data and claims as
well as the included features
8.1 New design of the inspiration page and the ability
to preview
O B ien and Tom (2008) claim ha ae he icall lea ing i al inc ea e engagemen , a he ame
ime Th a h and Ellio (2004) ha e o en ha di co e ing ne o ibili ie lead o in i a ion.
The efo e a ne de ign of he in i a ion age i h mi ed con en i h bo h em la e and ideo i
c ea ed o inc ea e he foc on h mbnail and i al . Ellio and Th a h (2014) al o a e ha
in i ed eo le ha e a clea i ion of ho o e hei in i a ion, he efo e a e ie a de igned o
o he i ali a ion. The e ie allo he e o go h o gh he em la e befo e edi ing i .
Di co e abili (Niel en, 1994) i im o an in allo ing he e o di co e he f ll od c .
The efo e he di co e abili of he in i a ion age a e lo ed, c ea ing a e ie of em la e on
he in i a ion age and a ho c  on he My presentation age.
The da a collec ed in he e e imen and he final e al a ion gene all ag ee i h he heo e ical
claim . U e do a ecia e acce o diffe en e of con en , e eciall ideo and em la e . The
al o a ecia e he info ma ion a ocia ed i h he diffe en e of con en , fo e am le, he ag of
e ion e and he leng h of he ideo. The acce o diffe en e of con en ha al o allo ed
he e o e lo e he od c a ell a facili a ed i ali a ion. The e ie ha allo ed he e
o f he e lo e he od c in de ail, i ha gene a ed he eme gence of idea and ini ia ed jo ne
of a l ing he od c in hei con e . F he mo e, da a ho ha e had i e finding he
in i a ion age in he o iginal od c and ha he ho c on My presentation age a cce f l
a i ing he e  in o he age.
The final de ign con ain a la o ha ha info ma i e bo e i h h mbnail allo ing he e o
acce he em la e , ee fig e 8.1.1 and ideo , ee fig e 8.1.2, a ell a e ie hem, ee fig e
8.1.3. The bo e al o incl de ag of he e of e ion incl ded in he em la e, he name and
ic e of he c ea o of he em la e and he abili o like he con en , ee fig e 8.1.1. The e ie
allo he e o o en he em la e in edi mode, like and go h o gh he em la e on he a o o
b clicking he h mbnail . The e ie ha he abili o ho e o e , ho ing e o e . A fe
h mbnail a e a ailable i h a ho c on he My presentation age fo e i h no ac i e
e en a ion o hel e o ge a ed, ee fig e 8.1.4. A ell, he Inspiration library age ha a
ho i on al men ha allo he e o i ch be een he age fo em la e , ideo and liked
con en .
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8.2 Ability to store and find inspirational content
To o he hole in i a ion oce he abili o find and o e in i a ional con en , b f nc ion
and i al, i e en ial. Di co e abili , he abili o find a ce ain fea e, i an im o an a ec of
abili (No man, 2013). The efo e he name of he in i a ion age i a e ed ince da a ho ha
he e do no nde and he i le inspiration. Addi ionall , he abili o fil e con en ba ed on
f nc ion a e lo ed. O B ien and Tom (2008) ha e di clo ed he ela ion be een ae he hicall
lea ing i al and engagemen , he efo e al o i al fil e e e e lo ed. To facili a e a longe
in i a ional oce he abili o o e in i a ional con en a de elo ed h o gh liking
in i a ional ma e ial and ga he ing he liked ma e ial in one lace. Thi i o ed b Ha en ahl
(2010) and Pe e e al. (2018) ha ha ho n ha e onali a ion and a onom a e he main need
in c ea ing meaningf l User experiences, and allo he e  o feel in con ol.
The da a collec ed in he e e imen and final e al a ion ag ee i h he heo e ical claim o ome
e en . The abili o o e in i a ional con en ha nfo na el no been o ible o e in a na al
con e , hich mean ha he concl ion el on ha e ha e e ball e e ed abo i . S ill,
he e ha e been a ecia i e of he fea e and efe enced o he of a e he e he ed i .
Fil e ing con en , bo h ba ed on con en and de ign, ha been con in o l a ecia ed. Man e
ha e e e ed a ecia ion fo fil e in e ed momen . To acce he age i h in i a ional
ma e ial, he age i enamed o Inspiration Library, a i be e eflec he con en of he age, hich
al o ha  been ho n in he e e imen  and final e al a ion.
Wi h he heo e ical claim and he collec ed da a, he final de ign con ain d o do n men fil e ha
allo he e o fil e ba ed on Industry, Question type, Audience size and Design & color, ee fig e
8.2.1. Design & color fil e he em la e h o gh diffe en le mood boa d i h colo ale e .
The age fo in i a ional con en i called Inspiration library and he e ha he abili o o e
in i a ional con en h o gh liking i b clicking on he hea mbol on he h mbnail , ee fig e
8.2.1. The e find he liked con en on he liked age mboli ed b a hea on he ho i on al
in i a ion ma e ial men , ee fig e 8.2.2.
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8.3 Ability to take part in and enjoy a community
Ha en ahl (2010) and Gaggioli e al. (2019) decla e ha ela edne i one of he mo im o an
h man need ha ho ld be ca e ed fo in User experiences. Being e o ed o ne o ibili ie al o
facili a e in i a ion (Th a h & Ellio , 2004). A a e l , a em o c ea e a comm ni e e
e lo ed.
The da a collec ed in he e e imen and final e al a ion ag ee i h he heo e ical claim a he mo
common in i a ional o ce a e eo le. Being able o ha e em la e i h o he e a
a ecia ed a i in i ed e o ee ha o he c ea ed ing he od c . Being able o di c
h o gh a fo m a  no  a  a ecia ed.
Wi h he heo e ical claim and he finding f om he collec ed da a, he final de ign incl de he
abili o ha e em la e i h o he e of Mentimeter. The o ibili o ha e he em la e on he
in i a ion age i gge ed o be an o ion in he al ead e i ing ha ing men he e he e can
ha e he em la e i h fo e am le colleag e o f iend . The c ea o of he em la e ill be
e en ed i h a name and a ofile ic e on he h mbnail, ee fig e 8.3.1.
Figure 8 3 1 final design of the ability to share templates All assets from Mentimeter 2021 used with
permission
78
8.4 Ability to progress and increase competence
One of he e e i i e fo being in i ed i o k-ma e mo i a ion (Th a h & Ellio , 2004). A
ell, com e ence i one of he main need o ca e fo de elo ing g ea User experiences acco ding o
Ha en ahl (2010). F he mo e, goal achie emen i an im o an a of being in i ed
(Mil a ka a e  al, 2012).
Da a f om he e e imen and he final e al a ion indica ed ha i ali a ion of he og e i h
acce o lea ning a e inc ea ed in i a ion. The ea on i ha e o e o a ailable fea e and
allo ing he e o lea n and de elo a enco aging and mo i a ing. Man e ho gh i a
f n and im la ing o lea n abo Mentimeter ing Mentimeter. U e efe ed o hi a a a of
lea ning b doing, hich ome a ed i he o imal a of lea ning. Menti school e eciall foc e
on f n, ill and inno a i e con en hich a a l a ecia ed b he e . The og e age al o
ha ime con m ion info ma ion d e o facili a ing an da e on ho long ime i ake o com le e
a k , hich e  a ecia ed.
Wi h he heo e ical claim and ali a i e finding , he final de ign con ain a og e age called
Learn Mentimeter. I con ain acce o h ee le el each i h fo a k ha con ain link o ma e ial
hel ing he e o de elo . The ma e ial i a combina ion of ing Mentimeter o lea n Mentimeter
called Menti school, a icle and ideo and i eached h o gh a d o do n men . Af e com le ing a
e , ee fig e 8.4.1 o a k, ee fig e 8.4.2 he e o a k ecei e a g een checkbo . Once all e
a e done he a k n f om bl e o g een o ma k he com le ion. Abo e he a k a og e ba
indica ed i h g een fill and ime ho fa he e ha go en in he lea ning oce . Menti school,
ee A endi XII, i a gge ion on c ea ing diffe en info ma i e and f n e en a ion he e can
go h o gh b  hem el e  o ickl  and ea il  lea n abo  he fea e  of Mentimeter.
79

8.5 Ability to explore the product through templates
A Conceptual model inco o a e a com ehen ible model of ho ome hing o k hich allo he
e o feel in con ol of he od c and iden if o en ial e ca e (No man, 2013). To e lo e hi
he em la e  a e de igned af e  feedback f om e .
The e e imen and final e al a ion ag ee i h he heo e ical claim . The e e imen clea l a ed
ha  he em la e  and hei  e ie  e e one of he main o ce  fo  in i a ion.
Wi h he heo e ical claim and ali a i e finding , he final de ign con ain em la e , de igned in
acco dance i h he Guidelines for inspirational templates, f he e lained in cha e nine. One
e am le of a em la e de igned acco ding o he g ideline i  e en ed in fig e 8.5.2.
Figure 8 5 2 final design proposal of a template showing a set of slides All assets from Mentimeter 2021 used
with permission
81
09
Guidelines for inspiration
The following chapter introduces guidelines for designing for inspiration in Men ime e with supporting
evidence and related developed features
The g ideline a e c ea ed o facili a e de igning fo in i a ion and incl de en a ec ele an o
con ide . The g ideline aim a gene a ing Inspirational User experiences, IUX, fo he od c
Mentimeter. The g ideline incl de: main ain a en e of ne o diffe en , ho a m ch of he
e e ience a o ible, omo e f n, iden he ho i on, c ea e con en ha e ona e i h al e and
goal , de ign i all lea ing con en , en e cce f l a k , o diffe en in i a ion
oce e , omo e eo le ge ing in i ed b  eo le and g ideline  fo  in i a ional em la e .
9.1 Maintain a sense of new or different
Main aining a en e of ne o diffe en i abo en ing ha he e i no bo ed o feel like he
ha e een i all. The oad of di co e ho ld be con in o and offe ne o diffe en e ce ion of
e ca e . Ne doe no nece a il mean ne in he en e of ne fea e elea e , b a he
inno a i e o f n a of ing he ool. Fo e am le, diffe en a o combine colo , a ne a of
di la ing he e l , o ne e en a ion echni e i . The im o an a ec i o kee i ne o
diffe en o he e , ome hing ha a ie de ending on hei e e ience in he ool. Di co e i a
ke com onen in being in i ed. Being able o di co e ne o diffe en hing ill enable he e o
in e ac i h he ool i h in i a ion. To embod he g ideline he ability to take part in and enjoy a
community ha  been de elo ed.
9.2 Show as much of the experience as early as
possible
Sho ing a m ch of he e e ience a ea l a o ible facili a e i ali a ion. Being able o
i ali e a lica ion of he ool in he e ' con e i ha co ld l ima el mo i a e hem o ado
i . I i abo making he e nde and he o en ial al e of ing he od c a ea l a o ible,
o ge a glim e of ha he e e ience co ld be like. To embod he g ideline he fea e abili o
preview templates ha  been de igned.
82
9.3 Promote fun
P omo ing f n in od ce a elief f om a e io con e h o gh comic elief. When ha ing f n, a
en e of ime can di a ea and he idea i ha if i i f n o ill b ing f n, he e ill enjo
engaging i h he ool. F n i al o abo he ne ec ed and i k . The g ideline o omo e f n ha
been a a of he foc a ea ability to explore the product through templates and he ability to
progress and increase competence.
9.4 Widen the horizon
Unde anding he o en ial of he ool, o kill and de elo men i he co e of idening he
ho i on. Widen he ho i on i al o abo hel ing he e nde and ho he can a l he ool in
hei con e . Sho ing he o ibili ie and allo ing fo he di co e of he ool ha he o en ial o
mo i a e he e . The fea e e lo ed i hin iden he ho i on a e: extended ability to access
templates and ability to progress and increase competence.
9.5 Create content that resonates with values or goals
P o iding con en ha e ona e i h he e al e and goal i abo c ea ing a en e of meaning.
I i abo finding con en ha he e iden ifie i h, con en ha l eak o he al e and
goal of he e . The e al e and goal diffe be een e e indi id al b he e a e common
cha ac e i ic . The fea e ha ha been e lo ed i hin he g ideline i he ability to find
inspirational content. To facili a e con en ha e ona e i h al e and goal the ability to explore
the product through templates ha  been de elo ed.
9.6 Design visually pleasing content
Vi all lea ing de ign conce n e en a ion looking good and a o ia e in f on of he a dience.
Thi incl de ha ing c ed e en a ion i h clea goal . The con en ho ld be ea il
in e e ed b bo h he e en e and he a dience. Ae he icall lea ing i al can inc ea e
engagemen i h he of a e, in o he o d , i co ld inc ea e he ac i a ion of e in Mentimeter.
The new design of the inspiration page and he ability to explore the product through templates a e
de igned o o  he g ideline.
9.7 Ensure successful tasks
To be able o e e ience in i a ion, he e ha o be able o cce f ll in e ac i h he od c in
acco dance i h abili - and User experience g ideline . The e an o feel ca able and
cce f l beca e i lea e ace o be c ea i e. En ing cce f l a k can be done b enhancing
he abili . In a ic la , he new design of the inspiration page i de igned o o he g ideline
abili .
9.8 Support different inspiration processes
U e ha e diffe en in i a ion oce e a ho n in he e ' in i a ion jo ne , ee cha e 6.2.
Some e go di ec l f om in i a ion o ac ion hile o he need ome ime o find he e ha iece
of in i a ion fi . The e ha o feel a en e of a onom o o he e c ea i i and
83
in od ce a en e of e lo a ion. Time i one of he mo men ioned con ain fo in i a ion fo he
e , a a e l , i i of im o ance o facili a e fa oce e a ell a lo e , c m la i e oce e
he e he e o e he in i a ion befo e ac ing on i . To embod he g ideline and o diffe en
oce e he fea e Ability to find inspirational content and Ability to store inspirational content
ha  been e lo ed.
9.9 Promote people getting inspired by people
E en ho gh Mentimeter i a of a e od c , he e do an o feel connec ed o he h man
ing and c ea ing i . In od cing h mani ing fea e o a ec o Mentimeter ill allo e o
feel connec ed and emba k on a jo ne o be in i ed b omeone. The ability to take part in and
enjoy a community o hi g ideline h o gh facili a ing fo he e o ha e and e each
o he '  em la e , and h o gh he em la e  in i e each o he .
9.10 Guidelines for inspirational templates
The e g ideline a e eciall de elo ed fo he ability to explore the product through templates, ee
able 9.10.1.
Table 9 10 1  guidelines for inspiration templates and corresponding supporting claims and explanations
Guideline Explanation
Facilitate user adaptation User studies have shown that most users tailor templates to their purpose and
and customization needs The customization can be visual as color adaptation company branding and
following organizational design guidelines or it can be content adaptation aspects
Therefore for the users to be inspired and use templates they need to be able to
customize them to fit their own needs
Ensure clarity and The foundation for an inspirational template lies in a clear and readable template
readability This means not having a lot of text preferably three to five attention points or
sources of information This allows for the presentation to be easily digestible for the
audience and for a more easy to follow presentation
Establish templates with Many users expressed using Men ime e to connect with their audience through
an engaging story and a interaction Rather than having information heavy templates many users preferred
main takeaway something that got the audience reflecting for example a picture moving content
like the visualized data or a gif Some users expressed having a planned main
takeaway or a story to be presented through the presentation which is something
inspiring templates should support
Use appropriate colors The visual aspects of the templates seem to be as important as the content to
and visual stimuli attract and inspire users Pictures and the use of appropriate colors is appreciated
Black or white backgrounds can be inspiring but when overused users seem to view
them as uninspiring For thumbnails it is recommended to use images that include
the unique features of Men ime e
Maintain a sense of new Users seem to be inspired by newness Users are inspired by templates showing
or different them content structures topics design or layouts they have not seen before
Therefore inspirational templates need to manifest different ways of using the
Men ime e product through making use of the different features and staying up to
date with new  innovative content
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10
Discussion
The following chapter discusses the implications of the results the validity of the process ethical
considerations for the project and future research
10.1 Designing Inspirational User experiences
In i a ion inc ea e od c i i and omo e ellbeing and c ea i i (Ellio and Th a h, 2010) and
i hel he e achie e e goal (Mil a ka a e al., 2012). The efo e, being able o de ign
Inspirational user experiences, IUX, co ld be beneficial fo he e of he od c . A ell, in i ed
c ome ha e ho n o be mo e lo al and highe cha e a e (B ge e al., 2014) hich
indica ed ha IUX o ld no onl be beneficial o he c ome b o he com an o iding he
od c .
The e l indica e ha , al ho gh in i a ion i diffic l o od ce and con ol (Ellio , Th a h, 2003),
h o gh de igning b ing he g ideline o c ea e Inspirational User experiences, IUX, in i a ion
migh be o ible o ind ce o ome e en . Al ho gh de igne canno con ol e ac l ha ill and
ill no in i e he e of hei od c , he migh be able o follo he g ideline o o ed b he
a ho o in i e hei e . Th o gho he e e imen , e ha e efe enced he eme gence of
idea f om e fo ming a a k in a o o e. The ha e been e ci ed o emba k on a jo ne o lea n
mo e abo Mentimeter and o ea i benefi . The e ali a i e finding o he claim ha
de igning e e ience fo in i a ion i o ible. Wha al o eem o ible i o de ign User
experiences ha in i e e o e lo e he f ll o en ial of he od c . The g ideline a e de elo ed
o facili a e in i a ion ha allo e o be ac i a ed and o e lo e he f ll o en ial of Mentimeter.
Ba ed on ali a i e finding h o gho he he i , man e ha e efe enced he fac ha he no
an  o engage mo e i h he od c  a he  han le .
The guidelines in application
The g ideline o o ed b he a ho o de ign In i a ional User experiences, IUX, a e de elo ed
fo and in he con e of Mentimeter. The g ideline ha e no been e ed on an o he od c o
con e , ho e e , he g ideline a e c ea ed o a eal o he e ' f ll in i a ional jo ne . Thi
mean ha an in i ing a ec of he life of he e ha e been con ide ed, incl ding fo e am le
ha in i e hem o lea n a ne kill, cook a ce ain di h o e he ca ee he a e c en l
ing. Incl ding e e a ec of an indi id al' in i a ional a e n migh indica e ha he
g ideline  co ld be a licable in a mo e gene al con e , on o he  od c  and ind ie .
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User perception of the product
A e io l e lained, man e belie e ha Mentimeter i j a ool fo a king e ion and
engaging he a dience, no nece a il a e en a ion ool ha allo fo diffe en e of con en .
The d aim a making e nde and he f ll o en ial of he ool, hich b follo ing he
g ideline o o ed eem o be e. Mo effec i e eem o be e lo ing he od c h o gh
em la e ince he em la e ho diffe en fea e of he od c incl ding con en lide i h
diffe en la o and heme . Fo non- e ha did no kno a all ha Mentimeter i , learning
Mentimeter through Mentimeter, a he mo efficien a of ho ing he f ll od c . The ea on
being ha learning Mentimeter through Mentimeter le he e he e en i e od c of
Mentimeter.
Can Inspirational User e periences be designed
To de ign fo in i a ion and e he e gained in i a ion in one gi en momen i no he ame a
a ing ha a ce ain de ign o ma e ial ill inc ea e in i a ion and illingne o e he od c in a
longe imef ame. Ho e e , h o gh he d , he e ha e been clea indica ion ha de ign gene a e
mo e o le in i a ion and ha he e a e ome gene al a e n in ha can c ea e in i a ion, hich
i  mma i ed in he in i a ional g ideline .
In he a ea of de igning fo Inspirational User experiences he e i e limi ed e ea ch, he a lied
heo e ical f ame o k i in e e ed b he a ho . The n he i o in e e a ion a de elo ed in o
a model ha combine he heo of in i a ion and User experience de ign. The n he i ed e ea ch
incl ded finding f om c en and infl en ial f ame o k f om he o di ci line . Thi ada ed
model ac ed a a fo nda ion and f eled he ini ial a m ion on ho o de ign in i a ional ma e ial.
E en iall , he in e e a ion of he heo did e he ini ial di ec ion of he de elo men . D e o he
in e e a ion, he combined n he i of he o a ea co ld mo likel ha e fla , if hi o e o
be e, he e i  al o ea on o belie e ha  he e l  of he he i  o ld be affec ed.
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Relating the guidelines of IUX with existing UX theory
The g ideline hich con i e a a of he e l can be com a ed o he Ca ego of h man need
in User experience design de elo ed b Ha en ahl (2010). Some of he de elo ed g ideline
e ona e imila a ec a Ha en ahl (2010), ee able 10.1.1. En ing cce f l a k , c ea ing
con en ha e ona e i h al e and goal , ge ing in i ed b eo le, omo ing f n and idening
he ho i on a e all a ec  ha  a e ome ha  eflec ed in he model de elo ed b  Ha en ahl (2010).
Table 10 1 1 Category of human needs in U e e e ience Hassenzahl et al 2010 with a potential corresponding
guideline from the inspiration U e  e e ience
Category of human needs in User e perience Hassenzahl et al., Potentially applicable guideline of
2010 Inspirational User e periences
Need Description
Competence Feeling that you are very capable and effective ● Ensure successful tasks
in your actions rather than feeling incompetent
or ineffective
Relatedness Feeling a sense of belonging and intimacy with ● Create content that resonates
people related to you with values or goal
● People get inspired by people
Stimulation Feeling that you get plenty of enjoyment ● Promote fun
Popularity Feeling that you are liked  respected  and have ● N A
influence over others rather than feeling like a
person whose advice or opinions nobody is
interested in
Meaning Feeling that you are developing your best ● Widen the horizon
potential and making life meaningful rather
than feeling stagnant and that life does not
have much meaning
Security or Feeling security in having a structured life with ● N A
autonomy routines and habits
The e a e a ec of IUX no eflec ed in he model b Ha en ahl (2010). The e a ec incl de
main aining a en e of ne o diffe en , ho ing a m ch of he e e ience a ea l a o ible,
de igning i all lea ing con en and o ing diffe en in i a ion oce e . The g ideline
f om IUX ha a e no ela ed o he model (Ha en ahl, 2010) a e ima il abo being e o ed o
ne hing and facili a ion of i ali a ion a ell a con ide ing he in i a ional oce of e e
indi id al. The g ideline no incl ded in he model a e mo e ecific o in i a ion, in i ing e o
e e ience in i a ion. The ela ion be een he g ideline o o ed b he a ho and he model
(Ha e ahl, 2010) gge ha he e i an o o ni o e lo e he ace of gene a ing in i a ion
f om a User experience e ec i e.
The final design
The final de ign embodie he g ideline , ho e e , he g ideline a e no ecific o fea e , a he
o a cha ac e i ic of an e e ience. A a e l he e migh be addi ional fea e o iding he ame
e e ience. Th o gho he e e imen , he mo di inc l a ecia ed fea e i he e ie of he
em la e on he in i a ion age. Thi migh be d e o he fac ha he e ie gi e he e an
idea of ha he e e ience of e en ing i h Mentimeter o ld be like. Ano he ea on migh be
87
ha he em e ona e i h he eal o ld (Niel en, 1994). O he o en ial ol ion co ld be o
i ali e ing mo ing con en , ch a  ideo  o imila .
The o ing of in i a ional ma e ial ha no been e al a ed na all . Ho e e , Mentimeter offe he
abili o add em la e o he My presentation age oda on he inspiration page and he e a e no
indica ion ha ha ing he abili o o e he ma e ial o ld no be ed o a ecia ed. Al ho gh,
he claim ha o ing ma e ial facili a e in i a ion can be e ioned a i ha no been e ed
a o ia el . Fil e a e a l de elo ed o omo e a fa oce f om being inspired by o being
inspired to in acco dance i h Th a h and Ellio (2004). Some hing ha co ld ha e been e lo ed
f he i if he fil e co ld be de igned in a a o f he enco age hi fa oce . F he mo e,
he e a e ea on o belie e he fil e o ld be ed ince man a ici an clicked he fil e and
e ball e e ed a de i e o e hem, ho e e ince he fea e e en f ll de elo ed he
ac ion  e e no  ob e able and he efo e no  confi med.
The e e e clea indica ion ha e o ld a ecia e ing o he e ' em la e . Ho e e , he e
e e no a clea indica ion ha e ill ha e hei em la e i h o he e . The efo e, he e i a
need o f he in e iga e ho o de ign he od c and ha e al e na i e in a a ha omo e he
ha ing of em la e . The fea e i de elo ed f om he idea ha eo le ge in i ed b eo le, ma be
o he a of gene a ing a comm ni co ld be e lo ed, ch a confe ence i h e . The
e e imen ho ed ha i a challenging fo e o de c ibe ha kind of em la e in i ed
hem. The efo e, he g ideline on ho o de ign fo in i a ional em la e e e a l ba ed on
in e e a ion and ob e a ion of he e . Ne e hele , he em la e de igned af e he g ideline
did o a m ch la ge e en e oke in i a ion and eac ion of an kind, mo l o i i e, f om he
e . Th o gh f he e ing of em la e mo e di inc i e g ideline on ho o de ign fo
in i a ional em la e  co ld be e abli hed.
10.3 Validity of the process
When a e ing he alidi of he oce he e a e e e al a ec o con ide incl ding a l ing he
oce Lean UX, e e e imen o collec da a, he e e ience of an e e imen and he am le of
a ici an .
Lean UX as a process
The a lied oce i Lean UX, i omo e ho i e a i e c cle i h e e e of he de ign
oce . The oce ha al o allo ed fo i e a ion and inc emen al de elo men a ell a inc ea ed
e in ol emen . A in i a ion and User experience oge he ha e no been e ea ched, ha ing an
inc emen al i e a i e de elo men oce ha o en o be efficien . The ea on fo i efficienc i
ha i allo fo mall change b con in o e i h e . The al e na i e oce o ld be
linea , b in an nfamilia en i onmen , lea ning e b e i efe ed. The he i al o gge
ha i i o ible o combine a Lean UX oce i h digi al od c de elo men . Thi co ld be
ad an ageo and b oaden he e ec i e on ho o cond c e ea ch ela ed o User experience. The
Lean UX me hodolog allo fo eg la e in h o gho he oce hich migh be i able
fo User experience e ea ch i hin digi al od c de elo men .
88
User experiments to collect data
Fo each e e imen , fo o i e ha e been incl ded. Acco ding o Niel en (2000), fi e e a e
eno gh o find 80% of he abili e o and he ecommend e ing diffe en idea i h fe e e
a he han one idea i h mo e e . The choice o aim a fi e e e e i a e l of
con ide a ion be een id h and de h of he e l and being able o e a ide ange of idea and
he efo e being able o deli e a ide nde anding fo in i a ion. Addi ionall , a in i a ion i a
a he ag e and in angible in e nal h man oce , e ing mo e idea a he han fe e e deemed
a o ia e. Ho e e , hen onl incl ding fi e e e e , he e need o be a h mble a oach o
ome de ail  of he e l .
Man a k ha he e e fo med e e ini ia ed b a cena io o a de c i ion of a a k. The ea on
fo ha ing a k o cena io a o ge da a on a o ia e a ec of he o o e b al o o g ide
he e in feeling comfo able d ing he e . The d a back of ind cing a a k o cena io i ha i
ake a a he na al a ec of he od c in e ac ion and co ld affec he e l . To ed ce he
effec , he a ho looked fo conc e e e idence o ing he claim of a e . Conc e e e idence
being fo e am le hei a e e ience i h o he od c , hei habi , o idea ha eme ge in he
momen . Collec ing da a in a mo e na al e ing co ld ha e been o ible b la ge an i a i e
e ing, like A/B e ing.
The experience of an experiment
Man e had f n hile a ici a ing and fel hand icked in deciding he f e fo Mentimeter.
Ha ing f n hile doing a e migh ca e bia and ed ce objec i ene in acco dance i h he model
fo De ign fo emo ion (Van Go & Adam , 2012). One conce n i ha i co ld be ha d fo he
a ici an o di ing i h ho in i ed he e e b a ingle fea e f om he e e ience of he
e e imen a a hole. The efo e he migh ha e a ed hei le el of in i a ion oo high and
he efo e c ea e a l e agge a ed e l . Some e e e al o e a ded i h a a he high- al e
b c i ion of Mentimeter, hi mean ha he e e no onl he e o gi e feedback and a ici a e,
b al o fo e onal gain . Almo all of he ine e ienced e of Mentimeter e e o i i e o a d
he od c . The had al ead fo med an ini ial ela ion hi i h he od c and e e e o en o
he od c . Thi mean ha ome e l migh be oo o i i e o bia ed b hei emo ional bond o
i .
Th o gho he e e imen , he e le el of in i a ion a a e ed ing a a ian of he
c ome in i a ion cale (B ge e . al, 2017). The cale con ain a emen abo in i a ion
hich man e fo nd ha d o e al a e. Thi a d e o he imila i in he a emen a ed in he
e al a ion, hich made ome e conf ed. B a he cale a ima il ed a a media ing
objec , he conf ion i  no  deemed o majo l  affec he e l .
The sample of participants
40 e ha e a ici a ed in e e imen , fo e in in e ie and finall fo e and fi e
non- e in he final e al a ion, hich gi e a o al of 53 a ici an . The e ha e been f om
an he e in he o ld and had diffe en o e of ing Mentimeter, fo mo e de ail ee A endi
I. The e e ha e all ol n a il bmi ed hei in e e in a ici a ing. A he all bmi ed hei
in e e , he e migh be an ini ial mo i a o and o i i e idea of Mentimeter, hich infl enced he
e l . The majo i of e ha e been o i i e o a d he e and he e l of hei e e ience of
89
in i a ion migh be infl enced b ha . If he a ici an e e collec ed on a mo e andom ba i , no
kno ing ha e of od c he o ld be e ing, he e l migh ha e been diffe en . The e l
migh  ha e been mo e c i ical and no  ho n a  clea a e n  of in i a ion a  een in he d .
10.4 Ethical and sustainability considerations
In de igning fo digi al od c he e a e e e al a ec o con ide incl ding incen i e fo
a ici a ion and collec ion of da a. The e a ec a e bo h ele an o con ide in he og e ion of
he he i .
The economic incentive for participation
The e hical a ec of he incen i e co ld be e ioned. Bo h he a ec of an economic incen i e b
al o ha ing he economic incen i e a an g ade of he e amined od c . Gi ing economic
incen i e ma ca e a ici an o lo e hei objec i ene and o lea e he e ea che .
Economic incen i e ma al o i k he ol n a a ec of a ici a ion (Head, 2009). Gi ing e
an g aded b c i ion o hei acco n ma al o make hem in ol n a il mo e de enden on a
od c . An im o an no e o make i ha he a ge ed e ha e no been in lne able i a ion o
fo ced b he economic incen i e. The a ici a ion ha been ol n a . Incen i i ing he e b
gi ing hem an g aded b c i ion i deemed o be beneficial o bo h Mentimeter and he e .
Addi ionall , Hinde e So a and Niel en (2003), claim ha gi ing he e ed od c a an incen i e
can be i able hen he e ha an in e e in he od c . The economic al e can be e ioned
ince he a ici an e hei ime o a ici a e in he e e imen . Al ho gh he al e of he
incen i e i highe han he a men fo one o king ho i co ld ill be mo e fficien i h a
mone a incen i e (Hinde e So a & Niel on, 2003). F he mo e, mo e ed Mentimeter in a
ofe ional con e  and co ld he efo e co n  he a ici a ion a  a  of hei  o king ho .
Collection of data
The he i ha follo ed Chalmers University of Technology s g ideline fo da a collec ion, handling
and o age. Ho e e , he e a e ill i k i h handling e onal da a ch a he da a flo , o ing of
da a and back . Fo e am le, da a can be hacked o in o he a mi ed (Cillie & Viljoen,
2021). The a ho ha e aimed o onl collec nece a da a and dele e da a con in o l a ell a
a oiding collec ing and o ing en i i e da a.
10.5 Future research
Acco ding o he limi a ion of he he i , he diffe en idea and de ign o o al a e de i ed f om a
ela i el mall e g o . Thi mean ha he e l a e indica ion of ha i he ca e. Valida ing
o in alida ing he claim on a la ge cale i , he efo e, nece a o a e ho gene all he
g ideline , he in i a ional e ona and he in i a ion e jo ne a e e. The n mbe of e
a ici a ing in he e e imen ho ld be inc ea ed and he ali of he od c e e en a ion
ho ld be inc ea ed e he Truth curve, (Go helf & Seiden, 2016). A he e l gge , i i o ome
e en o ible o de ign fo Inspirational User experiences, gi en he benefi of in i a ion, de i ing
he finding in o a mo e ni e al model co ld ha e he o en ial o enable mo e in i ed e . A
gene al e of g ideline o a model o ing he de ign of IUX migh be beneficial o e e al
ind ie , e eciall  fo  digi al od c  a  com e i ion igh en .
90
11
Conclusion
The following chapter concludes the thesis and presents a summary of the result and significance in the area
of inspiration and U e  e e ience
Th o gho he he i , he ke e ion a e ed i he he i i o ible o ind ce in i a ion h o gh
de ign. To an e hi , he he i aim o e lo e ho o in i e he e of Mentimeter o g a he
f ll o en ial of he od c and o a ac and ac i a e hem. The e l of he he i incl de
g ideline fo ho o de ign fo Inspirational User experiences, IUX, ali a i e nde anding of he
e h o gh in i a ional e ona , an nde anding of he e oce of in i a ion in an
in i a ional e  jo ne  and a final de ign o o al ha  embodie  he g ideline .
The he i in e iga e he combina ion of in i a ion and User experience, an a ea i h limi ed
e ea ch. P e io heo e ical claim i hin in i a ion a e ha in i a ion i challenging o omo e
in en ionall a i i a e l of he e ' ela ion o and he objec i elf and bo h a e of e al
im o ance o in i a ion (Th a h e al., 2014). S ill he e l indica e ha b follo ing he o o ed
g ideline , he e of Mentimeter ill become mo e in i ed. The finding o ha b de igning
Inspirational User experiences e ill be o ided i h a ne e ec i e of he od c
Mentimeter, in i ing hem o in e ac  i h he od c and incl de hei  a ici an  in a .
In i a ion eem o omo e o i i e affec and life a i fac ion hich bo h a e im o an a ec of
ell-being (Th a h & Ellio , 2010). Wi h he benefi of in i a ion i h User experience design
hich aim a c ea ing meaningf l User experiences h o gh de ice (Ha en ahl, 2010), he e migh
be an o o ni o e lo e he a ea of Inspirational User experiences f he . The benefi of ch
e lo a ion a e o en iall inc ea ing e a i fac ion, hei le el of in i a ion and hei commi men
o he od c , no onl fo he e b al o fo he b ine o iding he od c . The g ideline
o o ed in he he i a e he fi a em o ea he benefi of in i a ion, a fi a em ha
ho ef ll  in i e  o he  de igne  o a k in i a ion in e !
91
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A endi  I  Pa ici a ing e
The pa icipan  in he e pe imen  a  p e en ed in able I.1.
Table I  a ici a  f he i e ie  a d e e i e Fi al e  E al  Fi al e al a i
U e E e ience of Pa ici a ion Loca ion P o e of e
Men ime e
A  i e I e ie  A alia F  ed ca i al e
B  i e I e ie  C ech Re blic Ma ke i g
C  i e I e ie  Belgi F  e i  blic eaki g  c fe e ce
D  i e I e ie  U i ed S a e F  ed ca i al e
 i e E e i e  Ca ada F  ai i g a d de el e  e  i hi
ga i a i
 i e E e i e  U i ed S a e F  ed ca i al e
 i e E e i e  Ca ada F  ai i g a d de el e  e  i hi
ga i a i
 i e E e i e  I ael F  ed ca i al e
 i e E e i e  I dia Ge i g a g  c e  i hi  b i e
ee i g
 i e E e i e  U i ed S a e F  e i  blic eaki g  c fe e ce
 i e E e i e  C l bia F  ed ca i al e
 i e E e i e  F a ce F  e i h  clie  a  a c l a
 i e E e i e  S ede F  e i  blic eaki g  c fe e ce
 i e E e i e  U i ed Ki gd F  ed ca i al e
Pa ici a E e i e  S ede O l  a ici a ed
 i e E e i e  Ca ada F  ed ca i al e
 i e E e i e  U i ed S a e F  ed ca i al e
 i e E e i e  U i ed Ki gd F  ai i g a d de el e  e  i hi
ga i a i
Pa ici a E e i e  U i ed S a e F  ai i g a d de el e  e  i hi
ga i a i
 i e E e i e  Ge a B i e  e ca e
 i e E e i e  Ca ada I  h e f ce e e a i
 i e E e i e  G a e ala F  ed ca i al e
 i e Ob e a i  S h K ea F  e i  blic eaki g  c fe e ce
 i e Ob e a i  U i ed S a e F  ai i g a d de el e  e  i hi
ga i a i
 i e Ob e a i  Ge a F  ai i g a d de el e  e  i hi
ga i a i
 i e Ob e a i  U i ed Ki gd F  ed ca i al e
 i e E e i e  U i ed Ki gd F  i a e e  ch a  ecial cca i
 i e E e i e  Si ga e F  e i h  clie  a  a c l a
 i e E e i e  P la d F  ed ca i al e
 i e E e i e  Phili i e F  ai i g a d de el e  e  i hi
ga i a i
 i e E e i e  U i ed S a e F  e i  blic eaki g  c fe e ce
 i e E e i e  U i ed Ki gd F  e i h  clie  a  a c l a
 i e E e i e  U i ed Ki gd F  e gage e  e  i  all aff ee i g
 i e E e i e  Ge a F  e i  blic eaki g  c fe e ce
 i e E e i e  Ge a F  ai i g a d de el e  e  i hi
ga i a i
 i e E e i e  U i ed S a e F  e i h  clie  a  a c l a
 i e E e i e  I dia F  e i h  clie  a  a c l a
 i e E e i e  S i La ka F  ed ca i al e
 i e E e i e  Ge a F  ai i g a d de el e  e  i hi
ga i a i
 i e E e i e  P la d F  e i h  clie  a  a c l a
 i e E e i e  U i ed S a e F  ed ca i al e
 i e E e i e  Ba glade h F  e i  blic eaki g  c fe e ce
 i e E e i e  A ia F  e i  blic eaki g  c fe e ce
 i e E e i e  Ne he la d F  e i  blic eaki g  c fe e ce
F Ne e  ed Fi al e Fi la d N  a licable
F Ne e  ed Fi al e S ede N  a licable
F Ne e  ed Fi al e Chile N  a licable
F  i e Fi al e S ai F  ed ca i al e
F  i e Fi al e B a il F  ed ca i al e
F Ne e  ed Fi al e S ede N  a licable
F Ne e  ed Fi al e Chile N  a licable
F  i e Fi al e S ai F  ed ca i al e
F  i e Fi al e U i ed S a e F  ed ca i al e
A endi  II  E e imen   and 
E pe imen 1 and 1.1 follo he gene al e pe imen c e. The e pe imen e o ne
e ion of Mentimeter s in pi a ion page and one eplica of he c en in pi a ion page. The c e
of he e pe imen  i  p e en ed in fig e II.1.
Fig e II  he c e f E e i e   a d 
Fea e e
The fea e e i he ame fo all h ee fea e e in E pe imen 1. The e i in od ced o a
cena io: You are going to make your next presentations but do not have a finished presentation to
copy, you are looking for inspiration in Mentimeter. Af e he e ha comple ed he a k he e
e pe ience i di c ed and e al a ed i h he e of he C ome in pi a ion cale, a a media ing
objec .
A endi  III  E e imen  
E pe imen 2 follo he gene al e pe imen c e. The e pe imen e o ne e ion of he
Mentimeter in pi a ion page and one eplica of he c en in pi a ion page. The c e of he
e pe imen  i  p e en ed in fig e III.1.
Fig e III  he c e f E e i e  
Fea e e    
The fea e e i he ame fo Fea e e 1 and Fea e e 2 in E pe imen 1. The e i
in od ced o a cena io: You are going to make a presentation but you feel a bit uninspired. Please
look for inspiration on the inspiration page on the website. Af e he e ha comple ed he a k he
e e pe ience i di c ed and e al a ed i h he e of he C ome in pi a ion cale, a a
media ing objec .
A B e   P e ie  i h and i ho  hone ie
Fo he A/B e , he pa icipan i in od ced o he follo ing a k: We are investigating how to
design previews of templates. Therefore we will send you two links with two different versions of a
template preview design. We want you to look at them, interact with them, evaluate them one after the
other whilst sharing your screen. Af e he e ha comple ed he a k he e e pe ience i
di c ed and e al a ed. The o diffe en p e ie a e compa ed h o gh a m l iple-choice ba
cha , a  a media ing objec .
A endi  IV  E e imen  
E pe imen 3 follo he gene al e pe imen c e. The e pe imen foc e on pi o ing de ign
and abili e al a ion. The efo e he e a e no a i ed i h he a k a all d ing he e . Thi
e pe imen incl de e al a ion of ph a ing h o gh di c ion. The c e of he e pe imen i
p e en ed in fig e IV.1.
Fig e IV  he c e f E e i e  
Wo d e al a ion
The e e al a e he choice of in pi a ional ma e ial ph a ing in he p o o pe. The nde anding
and choice of ph a ing  a e di c ed.
Fea e e    P e ie
The e  i  a ked o pe fo m he follo ing a k :
● P e ie  he p e en a ion a  o  o k hop i h an iceb eake .
● Then e an  o  o de c ibe e e hing o  ee in he p o o pe.
● No  e an  o  o o e on he p e en a ion a  if o  e e a pa icipan .
● No  ee ho  he p e en a ion look  i h mo e o e .
Af e he e ha comple ed he a k he e e pe ience i di c ed and e al a ed i h he e of
he TENS in e face cale a  a media ing objec .
Wo d e al a ion
The e e al a e he choice of fil e ph a ing on he in pi a ion page in he p o o pe. The
nde anding and choice of ph a ing  a e di c ed.
Fea e e    Fil e  and a e
The e i in od ced o a cena io: You are hosting a business meeting where you want a
presentation with a word cloud. Find this template through filtering and save the template to your
favorites. Before you start you will see a picture of the prototype in the presentation: please describe
everything you see on the picture and describe what you think it is. Af e he e ha comple ed he
a k he e e pe ience i di c ed and e al a ed i h he e of he TENS in e face cale, a a
media ing objec .
Fea e e    Fil e  e ion II
The e i in od ced o a cena io: You want some inspiration for You are hosting a business meeting
where you want inspiration of different templates of presentations to have a discussion. Find these
templates through filtering. Af e he e ha comple ed he a k he e e pe ience i di c ed and
e al a ed i h he e of he TENS in e face cale, a  a media ing objec .
A endi  V  E e imen  
E pe imen 4 follo he gene al e pe imen c e. The e pe imen i an ob e a ion e of he
Mentimeter ebpage and in-app mode o nde and he e jo ne of he e and hei e of and
nde anding of empla e . The c e of he e pe imen i  p e en ed in fig e V.1.
Fig e V  he c e f E e i e  
Ob e a ion   U e  jo ne
The a k fo he jo ne i o de c ibe he la ime o ed Mentimeter and he diffe en ep o
ook in e ing p and holding he p e en a ion, incl ding ing an e e nal p e en a ion of a e if
o e one. Af e he e ha gone h o gh he ep , he a e a ked o edo he ep he did la
ime hen he c ea ed and held a p e en a ion. The e a e a ked o a af e he ha e made a
p e en a ion in he e e nal o ce and go o Mentimeter and con in e he e, incl ding c ea ing he
lide . The e a e hen a ked o p e en he p e en a ion o he e leade , bo h e e nal o ce
and Mentimeter. The a k i hen e al a ed i h a di c ion abo he jo ne and TENS in e face
cale.
Ob e a ion  Tem la e ba ed e  jo ne
The e a e a ked o go o mentimeter.com and c ea e a p e en a ion ba ed on a empla e. The e
pe fo m he a k and he fea e e i concl ded i h a di c ion and e al a ion ing he TENS
in e face cale.
A endi  VI  E e imen  
E pe imen 5 follo he gene al e pe imen c e. The e pe imen foc e on pi o ing and
nde anding he need fo ce ain de ign fea e a ell a nde anding he e jo ne and he
e  in pi a ion jo ne . The c e of he e pe imen i  p e en ed in fig e VI.1.
Fig e VI  he c e f E e i e  
Ob e a ion  U e  jo ne
The e i a ked o pe fo m he ame a k a in Ob e a ion - U e Jo ne in e pe imen 4 Af e he
e ha comple ed he a k he follo ing e ion a e a ked: I hi o common a of doing i ?
And if o  need an  pe of help igh  no , ha  o ld o  do?
Ob e a ion  In i a ion e  jo ne
The e i in od ced o a cena io: Imagine that you are about to hold a presentation similar to the
one you just created but feel like you are lacking inspiration. Please show us how you would find
inspiration for the presentation. Any means are allowed, offline and online. Af e he e ha
comple ed he a k he e  i  a ked he follo ing e ion :
● Do o  e e  look fo  in pi a ion fo  a p e en a ion?
● Ho  o ld o  find in pi a ion fo  a p e en a ion like he one o  j  did?
● Ho  do o  e he in pi a ion?
● Ho  o ld o  ha e in pi a ion i h o he ?
Fea e e   Comm ni
The e i in od ced o a cena io: This time you are once again looking for inspiration for a
presentation, but solely in Mentimeter. Please look for inspiration for a presentation in Mentimeter.
Af e he e ha comple ed he a k he e e pe ience i di c ed and e al a ed i h he e of
he C ome  in pi a ion cale, a  a media ing objec .
A endi  VII  E e imen  
E pe imen 6 follo he gene al e pe imen c e. The e pe imen foc e on pi o ing and
nde anding he need fo ce ain de ign fea e and o ge a deepe nde anding of he e
pe cep ion of he a ailable empla e and p e en a ion of a e empla e in gene al. The pa icipan
i a ked o p epa e a p e en a ion o lide he like o b ing o he e pe imen . The c e of he
e pe imen  i  p e en ed in fig e VII.1.
Fig e VII  he c e f E e i e  
Tem la e e al a ion and di c ion
The e i a ked o go o he Mentimeter in pi a ion page. The eaf e he in pi a ion page and i
empla e  a e di c ed h o gh he follo ing e ion :
● Wha  do o  hink he e a e?
● If o  e e o look fo  a empla e, ha  o ld o look fo ?
● Which of he e empla e  do o  p efe /don  like?
● Wha  pe  of empla e  do o  find in pi ing?
● Wha  pe  of empla e  do o  find ef l?
The eaf e he e i a ked o choo e o empla e and compa e hem. The e i a ked he
follo ing e ion :
● I  hi  ha  o  e pec  f om a empla e?
● Which one do o  find mo  in pi ing?
● Which one do o  find mo  ef l?
● Wha a pec of he empla e do o app ecia e he mo ? E colo , pic e , e ion , he
c e.
Finall , he pa icipan i a ked o p e en a p epa ed empla e he e find i all plea ing and he
empla e  i al a pec  a e di c ed.
Fea e e    Vi al l e ing I
The e i in od ced o a cena io: You are making a presentation that needs to be visually pleasing,
please look for templates that suit your requirements. Af e he e ha comple ed he a k he e
e pe ience i di c ed and e al a ed i h he e of he C ome in pi a ion cale, a a media ing
objec .
A endi  VIII  E e imen  
E pe imen 7 follo he gene al e pe imen c e. The e pe imen foc e on nde anding ho
diffe en kind of lea ning can facili a e in pi a ion and affec he e ill o e Mentimeter. The
c e of he e pe imen  i  p e en ed in fig e IIX.1.
Fig e IIX  he c e f E e i e  
Fea e e    Di c ion fo m
The e i a ked o pe fo m he follo ing a k: Get help from other Menti users to engage your
audience. Af e he e ha comple ed he a k he e e pe ience i di c ed and e al a ed i h
he e of he C ome  in pi a ion cale, a  a media ing objec .
Fea e e    P og e  age
The e i a ked o pe fo m he follo ing a k: Find out what you can learn in Mentimeter. Af e he
e ha comple ed he a k he e e pe ience i di c ed and e al a ed i h he e of he
C ome  in pi a ion cale, a  a media ing objec .
Fea e e    Men ime e  e en a ion lea ning
The e i a ked o pe fo m he follo ing a k: Now you are going to learn about different question
types of Mentimeter through a Mentimeter. You are going to go through the presentation yourself and
then we will discuss and evaluate this way of learning afterward. Af e he e ha comple ed he
a k he e e pe ience i di c ed and e al a ed i h he e of he C ome in pi a ion cale, a a
media ing objec .
A endi  IX  E e imen  
E pe imen 8 follo he gene al e pe imen c e. The e pe imen foc e on nde anding ho
diffe en kind of lea ning and i al fil e ing can facili a e in pi a ion and affec he e ill o e
Mentimeter. The c e of he e pe imen  i  p e en ed in fig e IX.1.
Fig e IX  he c e f E e i e  
Fea e e    P og e  age and Men ime e  e en a ion lea ning
The e i a ked o pe fo m he follo ing a k: Find out what you can learn in Mentimeter and learn
about customization and layouts. Af e he e ha comple ed he a k he e e pe ience i
di c ed and e al a ed i h he e of he C ome in pi a ion cale, a  a media ing objec .
Fea e e    Vi al l e ing II
The e i a ked o pe fo m he follo ing a k: Filter to find templates with a color scheme and vibe
you like and find inspiring. Af e he e ha comple ed he a k he e e pe ience i di c ed and
e al a ed i h he e of he C ome  in pi a ion cale, a  a media ing objec .
Fea e e    Tem la e
The e i a ked o pe fo m he follo ing a k: Preview the templates you find intriguing and tell us
why. Af e he e ha comple ed he a k he e e pe ience i di c ed and e al a ed i h he e
of he C ome  in pi a ion cale, a  a media ing objec .
A endi  X  Final e al a ion
The final e al a ion follo he gene al e pe imen c e e cep fo ing ano he S a p pha e,
i h no in pi a ion cale and a mo e e en i e ini ial in e ie . F he mo e, bo h final de ign e
one and o a e e ed i h he Customer inspiration scale and he TENSE Scale a he ame ime o
di c and a e he hole e pe ience of he final de ign p opo al. The c e of he e pe imen i
p e en ed in fig e X.1.
Fig e X  he c e f he al e al a i
Ini ial in e ie  Men ime e  non e
● To ge ome kind of con e , plea e ell me ha o o k i h. So o e pon ibili ie , o
ind , con e , e c?
● Ho  do o  p e en  oda ?
● Wha  p e en a ion ool do o  e oda ?
● Wha  a e o  ggle ?
● Wha  i  o  ie  on ha Mentimeter i  and ha  i can be ed fo ?
● Do o  ha e a plan o e Mentimeter in one of o pcoming p e en a ion  hi  ea ?
○ To ha  p e en a ion?
● Ho illing a e o o e Mentimeter fo one of o pcoming p e en a ion hi ea f om
1-10, 1 being no  illing, 10 being e  illing?
● Ho  of en do o  find o elf being in pi ed b  ome hing a eg la  eek?
○ In in ic/e in ic?
○ Ho  of en doe  he in pi a ion lead o ac ion?
Ini ial in e ie  Men ime e  e
● To ge ome kind of con e , plea e ell me ha o o k i h. So o e pon ibili ie , o
ind , con e , e c?
● Wha  in pi ed o  o ge  a Mentimeter acco n / a ing Mentimeter?
● Ha e o  ed/Ho  man  ime  ha e o  ed Mentimeter
● Wha ha kep o f om p e en ing?/Wha made o ge o e he h e hold and p e en ing
ne  of a e?
● Wha  i  o  ie  on ha Mentimeter i  and ha  i can be ed fo ?
● Do o  ha e a plan o e Mentimeter in one of o pcoming p e en a ion  hi  ea ?
● To ha  p e en a ion?
● Ho illing a e o o e Mentimeter fo one of o pcoming p e en a ion hi ea f om
1-10, 1 being no  illing, 10 being e  illing?
● Ho  of en do o  find o elf being in pi ed b  ome hing a eg la  eek?
● In in ic/e in ic?
● Ho  of en doe  he in pi a ion lead o ac ion?
Final de ign e   in a
The final e al a ion pa 1 i an ob e a ion follo ed b a di c ion. The e i a ked o pe fo m
he follo ing a k: Explore the prototype of Mentimeter in-app and talk out loud. Af e he e ha
comple ed he a k he ob e a ion i  finali ed i h he follo ing e ion  being a ked:
● Wha  i  o  ie  on ha Mentimeter i  and ha  i can be ed fo ?
● Do o  ha e a plan o e Mentimeter in one of o pcoming p e en a ion  hi  ea ?
● To ha  p e en a ion?
● Ho illing a e o o e Mentimeter fo one of o pcoming p e en a ion hi ea f om
1-10, 1 being no  illing, 10 being e  illing?
Af e he e ion ha e been an e ed he p o o pe i di c ed openl hil he e ha e hei
c een hil  he  e plo e.
Final de ign e   lea ning Men ime e  h o gh a Men i
The e ake pa in an in e ac i e lea ning Mentimeter p e en a ion and af e a d Final de ign e ,
one and o a e e al a ed i h he TENSE scale and Customer inspiration scale a a media ing
objec .
A endi  XI  In e ie  g ide
Info ma ion abo  he a ici an
Name
P ofe ion
Loca ion
In od c ion  and fo mali ie
● In od c ion
● P po e
● In e ie  agenda
● Incen i e
● Q e ion
● Info ma ion abo  da a handling and eco ding
In e ie  e ion
● To ge ome kind of con e , plea e ell me ha o o k i h. So o e pon ibili ie , o
ind , con e  e c?
● Tell  abo  he la  ime o  lea ned a ne  kill and inco po a ed i  in o o  o k?
○ Ho  a  ha  e pe ience?
○ Ho  did o  go abo  i ?
○ Wha  in pi ed o  o p e i ?
● Wha  help  o  ge  ome hing done?
● Do o emembe an ime o ha e been in pi ed o do ome hing diffe en and en
h o gh i h i ? (fo  e ample, a ing ec cling)
● Do o ha e an idea of ha in gene al in pi e o , fo e ample in o p ofe ion o in an
hobb  o  ha e o  o?
● Whe e do o  find in pi a ion?
○ Do o  look fo  i ?
○ Doe  i  happen nin en ionall ?
● Which eb-ba ed of a e do o  find in pi e  o he mo  and h ?
● Wha  in pi ed o  o ge  a Mentimeter acco n / a ing Mentimeter?
● Wha  p e en a ion of a e do o  e oda ?
○ Wha  o k  ell/ doe  no  o k a  ell
● On ha  occa ion do o  p e en  oda ?
○ Wha  a e he diffic l ie  hen o  p e en ?
○ Wha  a e he need ?
● Ha e o  ed/Ho  man  ime  ha e o  ed Mentimeter
○ Wha ha kep o f om p e en ing?/Wha made o ge o e he h e hold and
p e en  ing ne  of a e?
● Do o  kno  ho  o find in pi a ion in Mentimeter?
● Wha  a e o  ho gh  on empla e  and g ide  o help o  in Mentimeter?
○ Ha e o  ed empla e ?
● Ha e o  e e  ed an  o he  in e ac i e of a e?
○ Wha  made o  ge  o e  he h e hold and p e en  ing he ne  of a e?
● Co ld o  plea e alk  h o gh he la  ime o did a p e en a ion?
● No - Can o hink of an ime hen o planned and held a g ea p e en a ion, co ld o
plea e alk  h o gh ha .
○ Wh  did i  end p being a g ea  e pe ience fo  o ?
● And a la - Can o hink of an ime hen o planned and held a no - o-g ea
p e en a ion, co ld o  alk  h o gh ha ?
○ Wh  did i  end p being ome hing o  emembe  a a bad  e pe ience?
● Wha / ho in pi e o o do p e en a ion he a o do hem? (Fo e ample omeone a
o k, a g ea  lec e  o  once had o  an  famo p e en e  like S e e Job )
● Wha / ho i o in pi a ional o ce o ho o p e en a ion i i all de igned? (Fo
e ample Pin e e , empla e , o  omeone o  kno ho doe  bea if l p e en a ion )
● Wha co ld in pi e o o ge o e he h e hold and hold in e ac i e p e en a ion o in
gene al change he a  o  p e en ?
● If o e e he de igne of p e en a ion of a e. Ho o ld o de ign i o make i 100
pe fec  fo  o ? Yo  ab ol e d eam e ion.
● Do o  ha e an  final ho gh  abo Mentimeter ha o  o ld like o ha e?
Finali ing he in e ie
● Q e ion  and final ho gh
● E ending g a i de and app ecia ion
● Info ma ion abo  incen i e
A endi  XII  Men i chool
An e ample of Men i chool aiming a  eaching he ba ic e ion , ee fig e XII.1.
Fig e XII  a a le f Me i ch l f  e  lea i g he  f e e l  ed e i
	
	
 
	 DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AND MATERIAL SCIENCE 
	 CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY  
 Gothenburg, Sweden 2021  
 www.chalmers.se