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A Home for the House Martin - A study on how user-centred design can be used to create nature conservation solutions - demonstrated through the creation of a new artificial nest for the House Martin.

(2025) Verburgh, Fokke

This study explores the implementation of user centered design (UCD) through the development of an innovative artificial nest to support the conservation of the House Martin. This small bird species is currently experiencing a significant population decline in Sweden, as well as throughout Europe. Most of the existing artificial nests on the market often overlook the needs and preferences of human users; focusing solely on the nature, or in this case the birds, needing protection. As a response this project aimed to design a solution that fosters both ecological and social benefits. Through an iterative design process, informed by extensive research and active user participation, key challenges such as material accessibility, ease of construction, and user engagement were addressed. A co-design workshop with industrial design professionals, along with feedback from diverse stakeholders—including House Martin experts and potential end-users—helped shape the nest design. The result was a cost-effective, inclusive solution made from widely available milk cartons. By prioritizing the user’s involvement and creating a product that balances practicality with ecological functionality, this project demonstrates how user-centered design can enhance the conservation effort surrounding the House Martin, as well as how public participation in protecting vulnerable species can be promoted.

Enhancing the user experience for an energy metering platform - The full process from problem identification to concept development

(2025) Bjöörn, Linnea

As energy consumption continues to rise, the need for effective tools that promote energy awareness and encourage sustainable behaviour has become increasingly important. This study explores how the user experience (UX) of energy metering data presentation in a digital platform can be enhanced and thereby support behavioural change toward energy efficiency. The project was conducted in collaboration with Elvaco, a company specializing in smart energy metering solutions, and focused on improving the user experience of their new digital platform, Play. The initial phase of this study involved problem identification through user research, market analysis and literature review to understand the key challenges of Elvaco’s digitalization. One aspect of the findings indicated that end users often are unexperienced regarding energy systems and lack knowledge of supporting insights and actionable recommendations, leading to limited behavioural change. By applying user-centred design principles, the study examined how end users interact with energy data and what design elements facilitate better understanding and decision-making. A combination of usability testing, interviews and prototyping in Figma was used to develop and evaluate approaches in presenting energy data in a clear and actionable way. Particular attention was given to behaviour-oriented design, including knowledge enhancement and decision-support tools, to motivate users toward more sustainable energy consumption. The results indicate that a well-structured, intuitive data presentation, combined with additional support and recommendations, significantly improves user engagement and the ability to take informed actions. This study contributes to the field of sustainable UX design by demonstrating how digital solutions can bridge the gap between energy awareness and behavioural change.

13CO as a Tracer of Stellar Mass Loss

(2025) Arvidsson , Mathias

Hybrid Quantum Transformer for Natural Language Processing

(2025) Concepcion, Wesley

Large language models, based on the transformer architecture, have revolutionized the field of Natural Language Processing by using deep learning techniques to capture complex linguistic patterns. This thesis explores a hybrid architecture for a transformer model for natural language processing. Specifically, a hybrid quantum transformer which incorporates a quantum self-attention mechanism for sentiment classification on the IMDB dataset. The hybrid quantum transformer leverages the strengths of both classical and quantum computing to enhance the performance of the sentiment analysis for natural language processing. The model aims to capture more complex semantic relationships and addresses the potential of quantum computing compared to classical computation. The quantum self-attention module computes the similarity measure between input tokens by first embedding the data in the Hilbert Space of quantum states, followed by an inner product between quantum states. Comparative analyses are performed against current work on quantum and classical transformer architectures for sentiment analysis. The quantum kernel archictecture is benchmarked against an attention-less transformer and previous implementations for a quantum transformer [27]. Although the quantum kernel transformer performed marginally better in terms of accuracy on the test set over five epochs, the runtime for a simplified quantum kernel transformer significantly highlighted the drawbacks for kernel computations. The long run-time ruled out the feasibility for a more complex set of hyperparameters to match the capabilities of a classic transformer. Future work would explore tuning of the hyperparameters and adding a trainable parameterized layer in the quantum circuit for the kernel to allow for a trained element to the architecture.

Investigating Ongoing and Future Research Activities for the Advancement of Intelligent Access in Road Freight Transportation, A study of Intelligent Access in the Context of Digitization and Automation: Opportunities for Intelligent Transport Systems and National Road Authorities

(2025) Perez Gallardo, Albert; Sohlberg, Marcus

The purpose of the master thesis project was to research the potential role of Intelligent Access (IA) in automation and digitization in road freight transportation by covering how IA can strengthen ongoing or future research activities in road freight transportation, and how these could help National Road Authorities (NRAs) in better utilizing existing infrastructure. The study aims to provide answers to the following research questions: What are the characteristics of IA in road freight transportation? What are the ongoing and future research activities in Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and how could these contribute to IA? The research provided a detailed state-of-the-art for ongoing and future planned research activities in ITS that relate to IA. A total of 86 activities were found and ranked by a scoring system based on the abstract of each research activity by considering selected search words (ITS, IA, CCAM, Cooperative, Smart Infrastructure, Automation, Connectivity, Data, Road, Trucks, Freight, and High-Capacity Transportation (HCT)), in addition to the opinion of the two authors and based on literature study. To answer the research questions stated above, a total of 12 interviews were conducted. The interviewees were 6 experts in the area of IA and 6 project coordinators from the identified and selected research activities. The findings reveal that little information regarding future research activities was obtained since these are still in an early stage of development. In contrast, ongoing research activities are well-documented in databases, complete with abstracts, and have been organized and validated by institutions, which justifies their funding. In addition to this, further research to support the development of IA is needed, as none of the research activities even included the search word IA in their project abstracts or on the websites. For the characteristics of IA in road freight transportation, four analysis words (Smart Infrastructure, Connectivity, Data, and Automation) were asked to each interviewee to check their relevance and how they could contribute to IA. All recurring insights for each analysis word were collected and further analyzed. Consequently, this thesis contributes to a better understanding of IA definition and its value within road freight transportation. The findings offer valuable guidance for NRAs and members looking to optimize road freight transportation by ensuring “the right vehicle on the right road at the right time”.