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Modeling Human-Drone Proxemics in an Augmented Reality Environment
Malm, Vilmer; Raimer, Hugo
As drones increasingly move into human-occupied spaces, they must be able to navigate in ways that are not only safe but also socially acceptable. This thesis investigates human-drone proxemics in an augmented reality (AR) environment, with the aim of modeling the interpersonal distances people prefer when approached by a social drone. Building on prior two-dimensional rubber-sheet models from human-robot proxemics, this work extends the approach into a three-dimensional “rubber-bubble” model suitable for drones. A user study was conducted in Sweden and Vietnam (N = 69), where participants interacted with a virtual drone approaching from 21 different angles in an area in front of them. Participants indicated when the drone reached their preferred stopping distance, producing a dataset used to evaluate approach-angle effects, demographic variables as predictors, cultural differences, and various degrees of personalization. The methodology combined statistical testing, polynomial rubber-bubble models, linear mixed models, and Bayesian modeling for an exhaustive and exploratory analysis. The results show that rubber-bubble models can represent individualized proxemic preferences within the observed frontal zone, suggesting usefulness for autonomous drone navigation. Gender and culture both showed potential in predicting stopping distances. In summary, this work contributes with an extension of 2D rubber-sheet to 3D rubber-bubble modeling, a thorough analysis of demographics and culture as potential predictors for human-drone proxemics, and an open-source AR environment for safe and repeatable human-drone research.
Maelstrom Crawler: A feedback-driven web vulnerability scanner - Improving web vulnerability scanning with dynamic strategies
Morisbak Olsson, Oscar; Mert Tekin, Roj
Web application vulnerability scanners rely on crawlers to explore applications and discover potential attack surfaces. The effectiveness of these scanners is therefore heavily influenced by the crawler’s ability to navigate diverse applications. Most existing crawlers use a fixed navigation strategy, despite different strategies often being more effective in different contexts. This thesis investigates whether a crawler that dynamically switches between navigation strategies based on feedback it receives at runtime can improve web application vulnerability scanning. To address this problem, we design and implement the Maelstrom Crawler, a feedback driven extension of the open-source Black Widow vulnerability scanner. Maelstrom dynamically alternates between randomised BFS and randomised DFS exploration using feedback channels that monitor the progress during execution and suggest when to switch strategy. An initial set of nine candidates for feedback channels was analysed using principal component analysis and an ablation study, resulting in five selected channels: growth, duplicate candidates, URL diversity, error rate, and novel code. These channels together guide the strategy-switching decisions through a majority voting based mechanism. To prevent excessive switching and thrashing, the design includes comparison and baseline windows together with a cooldown period. The final design was evaluated on three open-source applications: OsCommerce, WordPress, and Kanboard. Results show that Maelstrom Crawler achieved an average code coverage improvement of 9.63% compared to Black Widow, 91.68% compared to OWASP ZAP, and 70.74% compared to EvoCrawl. Internal experiments further demonstrated that feedback-driven strategy switching outperformed purely random switching. However, the improved code coverage did not consistently translate into increased vulnerability discovery, highlighting a gap between exploration effectiveness and vulnerability detection. The results indicate that feedback-driven strategy adaptation can improve crawler exploration efficiency and code coverage in web applications. Furthermore, they suggest that dynamically combining multiple navigation strategies is a promising direction for future web vulnerability scanners.
From healing space to living space; Transforming the Ortopediska Kliniken
(2026) Pizzi, Valentina
In 2022 the municipality of Gothenburg approved a plan to develop the current Sahlgrenska University Hospital area in Gothenburg. While the project will provide additional space for important healthcare facilities, it also involves the demolition of several historic buildings, including Ortopediska Kliniken. Built in 1926, the structure represents a historical element and is a distinctive landmark of the area. This thesis explores the possibility of pre serving the Ortopediska Kliniken through transformation as an alternative to demolition. The aim is to create a space that responds to the needs of the people of the surrounding area. Through site analysis and research, three potential user groups were identified: students from Gothenburg University, the families of patients at the hospital, and healthcare workers. In the process was included site visits, investigation of spatial connections as well as study of the history of the building. In addition, academic literature and articles were examined to better understand the needs of the three user groups. The research has highlighted that a common factor between the groups is the lack of residential facilities close to the area. There is a shortage of student housing in Gothenburg, insufficient temporary accomodations for patients’ families and lack of resting places for healthcare workers du ring extended shifts. Based on these findings, the thesis pro poses the transformation of the Ortopediska Kliniken into a mixed housing facility that will accomodate three different user groups. The project demonstrates how adaptive reuse can preserve a historically important building, contributing to heritage conservation and sustainability, while, at the same time, addressing contemporary social and urban needs.
Reversible transformation; From pavilion schools to housing and back again
(2026) Lifmark, Max
Among decision makers in Gothenburg, there is a lack of nurture of the city’s built environment. The demolition wave of buildings during the 1960s are today being widely condemned, while buildings from the 1960s are simultaneously being demolished much in the same way. Although all of these buildings might not be widely loved, there are almost always qualities to be found and reasons for them to be preserved. One such building type being the pavilion school. The municipality of Gothenburg faces a problem where a decrease in children being born forces schools to close. The first schools to close are often the smallest ones, making the pavilion schools the most likely can didate. Due to their history of not being maintained, cared for or preserved, they also risk demolition. To prevent the demolition of these school buildings, they are in need of new functions. The decreased need for schools is however temporary, meaning that the schools buildings will be needed again. To make this possible, a reversible transformation is instead proposed, with shared housing as its temporary replacement. This thesis explores how the reversible transformation of pavilion schools can be used to both preserve and improve them. The qualities found in shared housing can be used to steer the transformation of the school buildings to better match the modern requirements for schools, thus leaving a better building than before behind. Similarly, qualities found in the pavilion schools can be used to improve the conditions for the shared housing, creating qualities that might not otherwise be found. In addition to this, qualities can be found in reversible design strategies that improve both the pavilion schools and the shared housing. It is then the relation between these three that creates the foundation for the principle reversible transformation. The design proposal in this thesis investigates an alter native to the suggested demolition of Trollängsskolan, set to close in 2026 due to the decreased need of schools. It illustrates the qualities that can be gained through such a transformation, and how it can be used to both preserve and improve the school.
Hembygden From Harbour to Home through Local Anchoring and Engagement
(2026) Landtreter, Isabella
The master’s thesis Hembygden explores how architectural methods can contribute to long-term sustainable rural development through local anchoring and participation. Rural municipalities face demographic changes, economic uncertainty, and challenges in attracting new residents. At the same time, social aspects, cultural heritage, and strong place identity constitute important, but often underutilized, resources in planning and design processes. Therefore, this study tests a methodological approach that combines analysis of place identity with participatory design to strengthen local influence, create meaningful residential environments, and enhance rural attractiveness. The study employs a Research by Design methodology through a qualitative case study of the Bergkvara harbour area in Torsås Municipality, Sweden. The case study investigates how these methods can be translated into physical design by interpreting the character and involving local stakeholders. Concepts and strategies are generated and then concretized in a housing-focused design project based on the planning proposal for the harbour area from 2021. This results in a vision for continued dialogue among the municipality, residents, and developers, aiming to generate interest in the site’s development potential. Analysis of place identity combined with participatory design demonstrates how architectural decisions can be supported by well-founded arguments. In this way, the architecture that emerges is recognisable, credible, and locally anchored. By involving multiple target groups, a broader understanding of residents’ thoughts and values is developed. The final design decisions, however, were not co- produced, but interpreted and developed by the architect. The process in itself therefore does not guarantee local anchoring, as it depends on the architect’s selections, interpretations, and priorities. Participatory design should instead be understood as a continuous dialogue where perspectives are integrated into the reasoning behind the design, rather than a direct translation of ideas into form. Finally, the thesis emphasises the importance of using architecture as a catalyst for community engagement and strengthened local society. By bridging local knowledge and professional architectural expertise, architectural practice can support locally anchored and resilient rural development. The role of architecture in rural contexts is therefore not only about physical form, it is about strengthening the relationship between people, place, and future.