Biofuels from Biowaste via a Hybrid Process
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Typ
Examensarbete för masterexamen
Program
Innovative and sustainable chemical engineering (MPISC), MSc
Publicerad
2022
Författare
Dhakal, Prabin
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
ISSN
Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
One of the main challenges the world is facing is global warming caused by greenhouse
gas emissions, for which fossil fuels are responsible to a great extent. To
combat this issue, there is a need to develop fuels from renewable sources. Food
waste can be a potential source of such fuel.
In this study, three different extraction techniques (soxhlet extraction, ultrasound
-assisted extraction, and enzyme-assisted extraction) were conducted to characterize
Renova’s food waste slurry. A new hybrid extraction method has been investigated
to enhance the liquefaction, which successfully yielded the highest extracted liquid
products. In addition, it investigates catalytic hydrotreatment of the extracted
products was evaluated as a food waste valorization strategy to obtain biofuels.
Compared to the three extraction methods, the liquefaction of food waste has been
enhanced using the new hybrid extraction method while using ethanol as the solvent
in wet conditions. The catalytic hydrotreatment of the extracted liquid and solid
obtained from hybrid extraction method produced 87.9 wt% and 74.9 wt% of oil,
7.4 wt% and 13.4 wt% of solids and 7.1 wt% and 14.4 wt% of water respectively,
with less than 0.5 wt% gas. Bio-oil from the extracted liquid product consists of
65.5 wt% of alkane-alkenes, 7.6 wt% of cyclic alkanes, 26.5 wt% of alcohol-ether and
ketone compounds and less than 1 wt% of aromatics, naphthalenes, and alkylated
phenols. Likewise, bio-oil from the extracted solid products consists of 75.6 wt% of
alkane-alkenes, 3 wt% of cyclic alkanes, 15.3 wt% of alcohols and ethers 3.3 wt% of
aromatics and naphthalenes and 2.8 wt% of alkylated phenols.
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
Biofuels , Bio-oils , food waste , extraction , hybrid extraction.