Comparison of CLC with existing CCS technologies: based on Energy, Exergy and Techno-economic analysis
Typ
Examensarbete för masterexamen
Master's Thesis
Master's Thesis
Program
Sustainable energy systems (MPSES), MSc
Publicerad
Författare
Pramode, Avinash
Dhait, Abhie
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
ISSN
Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
Climate change is an immediate global crisis that is driven by the accumulation
of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide, in the Earth´s atmosphere. Carbon
Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies play a pivotal role in reducing our
carbon footprint as we move towards a more sustainable future. This study aims
to compare four different carbon capture technologies and evaluate them based on
techno-economic analysis, energy analysis and exergy analysis.
The four technologies under evaluation are chemical looping combustion (CLC),
oxy-fuel combustion, post-combustion, and pre-combustion. The process modelling
of the four systems for a selected combined heat and power (CHP) plant is used
to carry out this comparison, which is next followed by energy, energy-related, and
economic analysis. The modelling of these four plants was conducted using Aspen
Plus simulation software and validated using the results given in the literature.
The study reveals that the CLC capturing technology outperforms other CCS processes
regarding cost efficiency, CO2 capture rate and electrical efficiency. The
highest overall efficiency was observed for Oxyfuel combustion but the CLC plant
has the best net electric efficiency. For the CLC model, An almost pure stream
of CO2 is extracted from the Fuel reactor which is then subsequently compressed
after heat extraction. The CLC has the highest CO2 capture rate among the four
models for this reason. From the exergy analysis, it becomes clear that the most
exergy destruction takes place in the combustion process for all the cases and that
it needs to be optimized to improve overall efficiency. The comparison of the overall
exergy destruction of the models shows us that CLC has the least exergy destroyed
and thus has the highest exergy efficiency, despite incurring higher initial expenses,
CLC displays the lowest levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and payback period
when compared with all the other technologies. This indicates that CLC has been
estimated to be the most economical choice over the long term, despite necessitating
a more substantial initial expenditure.
To sum up, this case study offers insightful information about the advancement of
CLC technology and its advantage over competing carbon capture solutions. The
results provide a useful manual for energy sector decision-makers, highlighting how
important it is to select the appropriate carbon capture and combustion technology
with the intent to optimise performance and economics
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
Carbon capture and storage , chemical looping combustion , Aspen plus simulation , thermodynamic and techno-economic analysis