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Senast publicerade
- Motion-Capture Comparison of Unilateral and Bilateral Knee Orthoses in Orthopedic Rehabilitation(2026) Avdic, Edin; Razaie, EliasThis thesis examines the contribution of orthosis, between having unilateral (support on one side of the knee) orthoses compared to bilateral (support on both sides of the knee orthoses, to a patient's rehabilitation process following knee-related orthopedic injuries. Such as muscle weakness, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, or impaired bone function resulting from surgical procedures or neurological diseases. Since ethical guidelines restrict the use of patients with knee-related orthopedic injuries in this research. Therefore, only healthy subjects were recruited, and all tasks were within the normal range of motion. The analysis was done with Optical Motion Capture and biomechanical properties, allowing for a detailed analysis of the orthoses. The orthosis with support on both sides of the knee was the more stable option in 10 out of 12 comparisons. The results point to a clear trend: that the two-sided support is the most effective option in terms of control and stability. This research provides insight into how well the orthoses contribute to rehabilitation and the potential it has in optimization of medical applications.
- Early phase evaluation of building wind interaction for structural design(2025) Grampp, AxelWind is a major horizontal force on structures. Due to its complex and highly variable behaviour, reliance on design codes such as Eurocode 1991-1-4 is necessary for predicting wind effects. However, such codes cannot fully account for all, infinitely variable types of structures and their resulting aerodynamic responses. The dominant alternative, wind-tunnel testing, provides detailed results but remains costly and time-consuming. In parallel, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has gained increasing credibility as a complementary approach for wind analysis. This thesis explores the application of IBOFlow, an in-house CFD flow-solver developed by Fraunhofer-Chalmers Centre, in an structural design context. Through a validation study, IBOFlow was shown to achieve favorable prediction performance and overall agreement with benchmark wind-tunnel data. Subsequently, a series of Case Studies further explored its integration into early-stage design workflows, illustrating its ability to complement code-based approaches and support early-stage design exploration. The results indicate that the integrated IBOFlow method can provide valuable predictions, while reducing the time needed for setup and calculation. The study concludes that an immersed-boundary CFD approach, when validated and integrated with design tools, can potentially offer a practical and accessible means to enhance early-phase wind assessment of complex structures for structural engineers. Keywords:
- Developing N-alkylated fatty amines based on glycerol-derivable building blocks.(2026) Zarowiecki, MartinaNouryon is a leading company in specialty chemicals and a pioneer in surface active molecules. One of its key product classes is nonionic surfactants, widely used in agriculture, personal care, oilfield and more. Currently, Nouryon produces alkoxy lated nonionic surfactants, where the hydrophilic headgroup is based on epoxides sourced from fossil raw materials. Alkoxylated amines are paticulary important in agriculture, where they serve as effective adjuvants in glyphosate based herbicides. Due to environmental concerns and the interest in fully bio-based alternatives to alkoxylated surfactants, alternative synthetic routes and starting materials for the hydrophilic headgroup is being investigated in this study. One readily available bio based material which could act as a good alternative to epoxides is glycerol. In this study, alternative synthetic routes based on glycerol derivable building blocks are being investigated with the intention of producing fully bio-based nonionic sufac tants, focusing on the N-alkylation of fatty amines. The synthesis is conducted in labscale and evaluated with NMR and GC-MS/FID. The results showed that reacting glycerol carbonate and fatty amines with cata lyst such as Ca(OH)2, MgO or ZnO, at temperatures above 190 °C yielded sig nificant amount of alkylated products such as N-alkyl serinol carbamates, 2,3 dihydroxypropyl amines and bis-2,3-dihydroxypropyl amines. While total amount of alkylation was similar across catalyst, Ca(OH)2 resulted in higher yields of both 2,3-dihydroxypropyl amines and bis-2,3-dihydroxypropyl amines. Under one set of optimized conditions (2 eq. glycerol carbonate, 0.3 eq. Ca(OH)2 and 1 eq. of fatty amine, 220 °C, 6h.), 86 % yield of alkylated product was reached. Additionally, doing a onepot synthesis starting with readily available materials such as urea and glycerol instead of glycerol carbonate, resulted in less selectivity towards alkylated products. For both approaches, the reaction showed to be heavily shifted towards N alkyl serinol carbamates, which limits formation of bis-2,3-dihydroxypropyl amines. The yield of 2,3-dihydroxypropyl amines could be increased by base hydrolysis of N-alkyl serinol carbamates. Based on these findings, by applying the optimized conditions, it is possible to attach a hydrophilic headgroup with a hydrophobic tail from sources that could be derived from renewable materials with this chemistry. The hydrophilic headgroup could be based on polyglycerol carbonates derived from recycled and bio-based CO2 or urea and polyglycerol. The hydrophobic tail could be based on fatty amines derived from either tallow or coconut.
- Coordinated approach for port operation and vessel traffic scheduling in Roll-on Roll-off (Ro-Ro) terminals: a case from Sweden(2026) Gupta, AvinashShipping is the foundation of international business, includes various stakeholders such as terminal, shipping lines, cargo owners, and port authority. These stakeholders are important for the efficient supply chain and logistics operation. One of the stakeholders that is terminal act as a connecting entity among all other stakeholders. Therefore, the terminal operation efficiency depends on the coordination between terminal, shipping line and cargo owner. The thesis explores on finding the challenges causing disruption in the Ro-Ro terminal operation and the current digital technologies used to reduce these challenges. The methodology comprises of a deductive research approach, that has been applied to develop the Theoretical Framework. The study emphasized to collect data through qualitative research method from a single case study that includes semi-structured interviews. The data collection from interviews were conducted with two terminal managers and one ship’s cargo officer. The themes from literature review were highlighted as challenges in cargo operation, vessel scheduling and adoption of DT technology in the thesis. The findings of the thesis showed that the digital technologies were present in the terminal operation, but the full utilization could not be achieved. The thesis provided the useful insights on using DT simulation model and requires coordination between different stakeholders to enhance port operational efficiency.
- A better understanding of loss prevention in the maritime industry – a case study in best practices(2026) Swenzen, EricMaritime accidents cause significant human, economic and environmental losses, and there is a large societal need to minimize the accidents and claims. 2,646 accidents were reported on average annually between 2014 and 2022. Loss prevention is characterised by the analysis of past claims, inspections and general advice for Protection & Indemnity (P&I) Club members. The project was conducted by collecting qualitative data from key onshore management personnel at shipping companies, with no or few claims. These companies were selected by the insurance company The Swedish Club. The results and the analysis are presented in this thesis. The research is limited to data collected from six companies. The information was gathered from relevant sources of academic literature and partly from semi-structured interviews. Loss prevention practices are limited to the participating companies. Data collected shows that the human factor is causing most of the maritime accidents, directly or indirectly. The primary research shows that a successful corporate culture, which involves the crew in all aspects of designing, equipping, training and auditing, helps to keep accidents at a minimum. This includes a friendly, open and non-blame corporate culture, where all suggestions and opinions are considered.