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- PostDeveloping a Solution to Utilize Vehicle Dynamics Simulation Tools with a Motion Driving Simulator(2021) Madhava Prakash, Ajit Kumar; Garje Mohankumar, Anup; Misquith, Clive Rahul; Ganatra, Diler Paresh; Soudagar, Irfan Ahmed Khan; Johnsson, Jonas; Chalmers tekniska högskola // Institutionen för mekanik och maritima vetenskaper; Sjöblom, Jonas; Johansson, Ingemar; Jacobson, BengtThe project develops a method to integrate a CAE software (IPG CarMaker) vehicle model into the CASTER driving simulator. The vehicle dynamics performance is assessed by comparing CarMaker (CM) simulation data against the driving simulator data. First, a baseline generic passenger SUV was modeled on CM with K&C parameters that resemble a real-world vehicle. Then, the driving scenarios and maneuvers such as steady state cornering [6] and double lane change [5] were modeled on CM. Alongside this, IPG Movie and CM for Simulink were used to create real driving scenarios with accurate driving views. Next, the baseline vehicle was simulated in CM and driven on the simulator for both maneuvers. Driver input signals from the driving simulator were fed into CM through CM for Simulink to run the physics of the vehicle model. The output signals computed by CM were fed to the driving simulator to provide motion, audio and visual cues. The integration tool was developed to introduce it in the early phase of vehicle development. The software simulation provides good objective data but no subjective assessment. The use of DIL-simulator is a good method to add subjective assessment in vehicle dynamics development. After every maneuver run, driver’s subjective assessment and rating was recorded. A statistical and graphical comparison of objective data between CM simulation and driving simulator drivers. Analysis of this data showed there is good correlation between results from CM simulations and the driving simulator. Then, vehicle parameter variations were made to understand the vehicle dynamics performance objectively and subjectively. For each model variation, a CM simulation and driving simulator test was carried out by multiple drivers. The vehicle specification variations were designed to produce changes in the steering feel and controllability. This indicates that the driving simulator is a viable supplement to prototype testing, however, further studies must be made to validate the preliminary conclusion. In reality, vehicle evaluations are performed by highly skilled test drivers with accurate subjective assessments. The project yields a tool to develop and evaluate the vehicle dynamics performance. In the hands of a professional driver, this will produce good subjective assessment that ties in with the objective metrics, thus validating it’s use as a cost effective and time efficient tool to develop vehicles.
- PostModel Exchange for Virtual SIL/MIL Verification of Passenger Cars with Electric Axles(2022) Tsobanoglou, Christian; Jayanna Kundur, Ganesh; Siam Siraj, Mohammad; Anil Kumar Nikkam, Nitesh; Tsobanoglou, Simon; Ramakrishnan Bharadwaj, Varun; Chalmers tekniska högskola // Institutionen för mekanik och maritima vetenskaper; Sjöblom, Jonas; Jacobson, Bengt J HIn the present day, stiff competition in the automotive industry and shorter timelines for introduction of new passenger vehicles has forced vehicle manufacturers and component suppliers to cut down on development time. Virtual simulations help in bringing down this time drastically and are a critical phase in the design and development of new vehicles. Multiple subsystems make up a vehicle and these subsystems need to be tested before being used in production. In the case of system development in electric vehicles, virtual verification of subsystems early in the project phase is important given the platform modularity of the driveline in such a scenario. It also helps if the simulation models are modular, since model exchange between vehicle manufacturer and subsystem suppliers have to take place to build virtual prototypes. This report explores the modelling and simulation of such type of modular drivetrain for electric passenger vehicles. The modelling of drive axle as a subsystem is a key aspect in this project. Three types of drive axles, i.e., Torque Vectoring Dual Clutch (TVDC), Electric Torque Vectoring (e-TV) and an Open Differential axles are considered. Modelling the powertrain, specifically the motor, is done to determine the energy consumption of this driveline. Modellica language uses an equation-based modelling approach which has a higher flexibility when compared to the library-based modelling. For this reason, the open-differential model was modelled in Modellica and was exported as a Functional Mockup Unit (FMU). The TVDC model and the e-TV model is given as inputs by the concerned stakeholders from the project. Further, these models were integrated with a control model and a vehicle model in a VVE, namely, IPG CarMaker. To establish a comparison between these different models, vehicle performance and energy consumption of these drivelines were studied. Validation and verification of the developed models were carried out as a precursor to simulation in the project. Sanity check of the model was done to make sure that the given vehicle does not run off the desired path. This ticks off the basic physics involved in the models. This was an iterative process based on the validation results of the models. Further, to draw a comparison between the different powertrains, the models were simulated with an open diff at the rear wheel (RWD) as a reference. Plots for dynamic variables and energy were used to analyze the results and compute measures like vehicle performance and energy consumption. AWD, as expected, performed the best in terms of vehicle stability. However, the interesting comparison was between e-TV and the TVDC models. To establish a comparison for the RWD configurations, the open differential at the rear axle is taken as a reference. Apart from the deduced results, the most relevant aspect of the project, i.e., the modularity of the subsystems (specifically, the drive axles) was achieved. i