Green Electricity in New Zealand
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Typ
Examensarbete för masterexamen
Master Thesis
Master Thesis
Program
Sustainable energy systems (MPSES), MSc
Publicerad
2014
Författare
Elfberg, Ola
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
ISSN
Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
Due to the location of New Zealand in the middle of an ocean it is an island system with no possibilities to import or export electricity. The balance must therefore always be kept with the local generation. In this thesis, the potential for having an electricity generation from only renewable is evaluated for New Zealand. The current electricity supply system already consists of close to 60% hydro power and slightly more than 10% geothermal power. In order to achieve an electricity supply system fully based on renewable energy sources, it is assumed that that the wind power shares is increased from the current 5% up to 30%. This new power mix will more or less erase the need for fossil fuel in the electricity system. The country consists of two islands with a narrow strait between them. The North Island has the main electric load while the South Island has most of the hydro resources. This thesis evaluates the quota or allocation of the future wind power between these two islands and the capacity of the HVDC link that connects the islands. To evaluate this simulation was performed were the increased wind power generation was balanced with the south island hydro power. It is concluded that the most of the new wind power should be located close to the load in order to minimize the needed capacity of inter-island HVDC link. By placing 83% of the new wind power on the North Island, the system will minimize the need of thermal back-up for peak demand and curtail of wind power in low demand. Results of the analysis also indicate that the hydro storage levels will have an increased difference of stored energy between winter and summer due to the changes of electricity demand and inflow. This implies a significantly increase risk of draining the hydro assets during a dry year.
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
Energi , Hållbar utveckling , Energiteknik , Energy , Sustainable Development , Energy Engineering