Microstructural characterization of cobalt chromium (ASTM F75) cubes produced by EBM technique

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dc.contributor.authorChauhan, Mandeep
dc.contributor.departmentChalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för material- och tillverkningstekniksv
dc.contributor.departmentChalmers University of Technology / Department of Materials and Manufacturing Technologyen
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-03T14:38:30Z
dc.date.available2019-07-03T14:38:30Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractCobalt-chromium based alloys have been widely used to make biomedical implants for hip and knee joints. The alloy enables to manufacturing metal on metal bearing implants which have increased life and minimum wear debris generated. They have excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high stiffness and high mechanical strength properties. In the past, the alloy implants have been manufactured by investment casting method. However, dental casting implants have been reported to have fractured occasionally on small plastic deformation. In recent years, additive manufacturing by electron beam melting (EBM) technique has been used to manufacture complex design implants with short lead times and minimum post machining. The alloy consists of two primary phases: a high temperature γ-face centered cubic (-fcc) phase which shows high elongation and ultimate tensile strength, other is low temperature ε-hexagonal close packed (-hcp) phase which shows low elongation and brittle fracture on straining. Carbon (max. 0.35 wt. %) and nitrogen (max. 0.25 wt. %) are two important trace elements added to increase mechanical strength, elongation and wear resistance of the alloy. They inhibit ε-hcp to γ-fcc phase transformation and provide solid solution and precipitation strengthening. However, increased concentration of precipitates in the form of carbides and nitrides have reported to decrease tensile elongation and strength. Researchers have concentrated their efforts to find the correct alloy composition and heat treatment to stabilize γ-fcc phase matrix and increase strength for casting and hot forging process. However, little work has been done to optimize alloy composition for EBM technique. With the EBM technique, the alloy is reported to give gassing of carbon and nitrogen compounds that erode the cathode and it requires expensive post heat treatment to increase ductility. It was important to understand the effect of carbon and nitrogen content on microstructure and on corresponding mechanical properties for cobalt-chromium alloy parts manufactured by EBM technique. This thesis investigates the microstructural characteristics of the cubes with varying carbon and nitrogen content under as-built and hot isostatic pressing conditions. The microstructures were evaluated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy including electron back scattered diffraction analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The obtained microstructures are then compared with mechanical tensile test data.
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/252375
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofseriesKandidatarbete – Institutionen för material- och tillverkningsteknik, Chalmers tekniska högskola : 198/2017
dc.setspec.uppsokTechnology
dc.subjectMaterialvetenskap
dc.subjectMaterialteknik
dc.subjectMetallurgi och metalliska material
dc.subjectMetallurgisk process- och produktionsteknik
dc.subjectMaterials Science
dc.subjectMaterials Engineering
dc.subjectMetallurgy and Metallic Materials
dc.subjectMetallurgical process and manufacturing engineering
dc.titleMicrostructural characterization of cobalt chromium (ASTM F75) cubes produced by EBM technique
dc.type.degreeExamensarbete för masterexamensv
dc.type.degreeMaster Thesisen
dc.type.uppsokH
local.programmeMaterials engineering (MPAEM), MSc
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