On Threat-Assessment-Based Scheduling of V2X Communications at Urban Intersections Using Naturalistic Data
Typ
Examensarbete för masterexamen
Master's Thesis
Master's Thesis
Program
Information and communication technology (MPICT), MSc
Publicerad
2024
Författare
Broman, Anton
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
ISSN
Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
Abstract
This study investigates the performance of a threat-assessment-based communication system designed for varying load scenarios with and without channel tracking. Building upon cooperative perception, it focuses on packet error probability for 400, 1000, and 4000-byte packets built upon the IEEE 802.11p standard and analyzes Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) conditions. The threatassessment- based system involves a central controller that processes Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAMs) and Cooperative Perception Messages (CPMs) to prioritize safety-critical communications based on a threat assessment using the threat metrics (TMs), Time-To-Collision (TTC), Time-To-Intersection (TTI), and Time-To-Vulnerable Road User (TTV). This threat-assessment approach is designed to prioritize communication, thereby maximizing the reliability of the communication when it is safety-critical, enhancing vehicle safety. A simulation framework was developed to evaluate the system at urban intersections, utilizing the inD dataset and MATLAB’s V2V fading channel model with additive white Gaussian noise. Path loss models for both LOS and NLOS conditions were employed to predict signal attenuation, allowing for the calculation of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and packet error probability (PEP). The expected coverage was calculated to evaluate the reliability of the communication system and compared to a baseline system that employs periodic transmissions. The simulation results demonstrate that threat-assessment-based scheduling significantly improves expected coverage and managing high data loads with and without channel tracking. However, data congestion and SNR challenges persist, mainly due to NLOS conditions. The advantage of communicating in LOS emphasizes the potential of implementing Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication to address and significantly alleviate the challenges posed by NLOS conditions. However, it introduces additional communication links, which can strain resources in high-density environments. The study highlights the system’s robustness in handling high data loads and its relevance for Vehicle-to-UAVs (V2UAV) in real-time applications. It emphasizes the critical importance of data reliability and proper methodology in data-driven approaches. Future research should explore the trade-offs between central controller and infrastructure-vehicle systems (IVS), focusing on the comparative benefits of data-driven versus model-based methods. Additionally, investigating complexities such as altitude changes and varying environmental conditions is essential to study communication protocols for aerial applications, potentially improving the reliability and robustness of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication systems.
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
Keywords: threat-assessment-based communication system, Vehicle-to-Everything, Vehicle-to-Infrastructure, Vehicle-to-UAVs, intended receivers, IEEE 802.11p.