Providing Electricity and Hydrogen as Aviation Fuels - A 2050 Case Study at Göteborg Landvetter Airport

Abstract

This thesis investigated the direct and indirect electrification of Göteborg Landvetter Airport through the use of battery-electric and hydrogen powered aircraft, where both onsite production and import of green hydrogen and electricity were taken into consideration. More specifically, this thesis investigates how the expected hydrogen and electricity demand could be supplied. Additionally, the key parameters that affect the energy system’s behavior were examined by performing a sensitivity analysis. The energy system modeled in GAMS included alkaline water electrolysis, liquefaction, storage of electricity and hydrogen, compression of hydrogen, import of hydrogen through pipeline and trucks and local electricity production via wind power and solar PVs. The results showed that electricity for recharging of aircraft can be supplied at an average marginal cost of 49 €/MWh while gaseous and liquid hydrogen can be supplied at an average marginal cost of 53-54 €/MWh and 74- 78 €/MWh respectively. The cost optimal solution always included an electrolyzer located onsite that produced the majority of hydrogen. The total system cost was also found to be highly dependent on local wind power and an increased connection to the electricity grid. Moreover, the hydrogen storage with the largest impact on the total system cost was the cryogenic tank which enables operation at maximum load for the liquefaction plant during more hours of the year.