End-of-Life Management for Digital Battery Passports in Electric Vehicles

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dc.contributor.authorCota, Eleonora
dc.contributor.authorIngman, Molly
dc.contributor.departmentChalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för industri- och materialvetenskapsv
dc.contributor.departmentChalmers University of Technology / Department of Industrial and Materials Scienceen
dc.contributor.examinerDespeisse, Mélanie
dc.contributor.supervisorPersson, Hanna
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-20T11:43:17Z
dc.date.available2025-01-20T11:43:17Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.date.submitted
dc.description.abstractThe use of batteries increases every year, and it is more important now than ever to transition into a sustainable way of handling them in the right way. This requires traceability along the whole battery value chain, including information from mining raw materials until the battery is recycled. The EU has implemented the battery regulation, stating that a digital battery passport (DBP) will be required from February 2027. The DBP enables traceability of the battery and facilitates the recycling process. However, the DBP system is not yet finalized, and research shows that there is a gap in guidelines for how it should be managed during its end-of-life (EoL). Therefore, this project aims to determine how to manage DBP for Li-ion electric vehicle batteries (EVB) in the EoL phase to enhance traceability, enable a circular economy and enforce a sustainable transition. This project investigates the complete battery value chain to understand the EoL. Through a literature review and interviews, this thesis dives deeper into the management of batteries, appropriate solutions of ending its corresponding DBP and loopholes that may occur. The results show that the responsible economic operator (REO) creating the DBP is the owner and the responsible actor during its whole existence and is the only one that has the right to end it. This means further that independent operators never will have REO responsibilities, on the other hand, they are obliged to update DBP when needed for the battery. A DBP can only end after its product has been recycled and when this occurs, the recycling station will automatically inform the REO to end the DBP. A two-step verification process controls each individual product and informs its status to the corresponding REO and reduces the risk that information for some products would not be documented. For the recyclers who receive information about all products, this thesis presents a solution for module identification (MID), enabling modules to carry information, since the DBP only follows the complete battery pack. With the two-step verification process, the proposal with MID and keeping the responsibility by the REO, the loopholes regarding lack of information on products within the system can be significantly reduced. In conclusion, this thesis provides guidance on how to manage the DBP in the EoL phase based on currently available information and decisions on the topic.
dc.identifier.coursecodeIMSX30
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/309094
dc.language.isoeng
dc.setspec.uppsokTechnology
dc.subjectDigital battery passport
dc.subjectEnd-of-life management
dc.subjectBattery regulation
dc.titleEnd-of-Life Management for Digital Battery Passports in Electric Vehicles
dc.type.degreeExamensarbete för masterexamensv
dc.type.degreeMaster's Thesisen
dc.type.uppsokH
local.programmeIndustrial ecology (MPTSE), MSc
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