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- PostAssessing the Economic and Environmental Effects of Dry Port and Triangulation Transport on the Empty Container Repositioning Problem - A Case of Inland Container Transport System in Sweden(2023) Xu, Hao; Ibrahim, Abdellah; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för teknikens ekonomi och organisation; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Technology Management and Economics; Sanchez-Diaz, Ivan; Kumar Kalahasthi, LokeshAbstract: The hinterland container transportation chain is an extension of maritime freight transport, which is necessary and also generated extensive emissions and costs. Additionally, the movement of empty containers accounted for a significant share of these costs, which can be regarded as waste. Two of these solutions for this problem are: 1) using the dry port to convert part of the road transport into railway; 2) applying the triangulation transport to reduce the movements of empty containers - the dry port can store the empty containers and transport them to the consignors from there. In this thesis, we focus on a case in Sweden, building three simulation models (one with the dry port, one without the dry port, and the other one with the dry port and triangulation) to evaluate the economic and environmental effects of the dry port and triangulation transport on the inland container transportation network, especially the empty container repositioning (ECR) process. The result shows that the dry port can help reduce the transport costs by 66.36% and CO2 emissions by 78.86% for the whole system. Moreover, the triangulation transport method can not only push the reduction further (25.12% for cost and 7.85% for emissions) based on the dry port solution, but also can reduce the share from empty container movements. The main contribution of this study is the improvement of the simulation methods (agent-based discrete-event simulation) and parameters setting (stochastic).
- PostSetup Time Reduction of Injection Moulding Machines at the Automotive Supplier Plasman(2023) Nouri, Zainab; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för teknikens ekonomi och organisation; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Technology Management and Economics; Almström, Peter; Almström, PeterPlasman AB is a global company that produces various plastic components for customers. The production system within the injection molding department needs to be more efficient to increase productivity and minimised stop time in the process. This project has analysed the setup process time to identify possible improvements to decrease the setup time to achieve higher productivity, lower cost, or increased capacity. The other purpose of this project is to set new work standards for operators to follow and minimised the variation in the setup process. The setup process has been videotaped and analysed in the Avix software. All performed activities were analysed and reviewed to find improvements and identify activities that could be performed before or after the setup process. Implementing a combination of the Organizational methods and technical improvement proposals on the injection molding machine 8 in Gothenburg gave a reduction of 45% in the setup Process time. For machine 3202, the theoretical improvement could result in a reduction of 21% in the setup process.
- PostImproving resource efficiency in the value chain of construction plastics A pathway of service designs enabling increased circularity through mechanical recycling in a Swedish context(2023) Linder, Teodor; Hellqvist, Joar; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för teknikens ekonomi och organisation; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Technology Management and Economics; Halldorsson, Arni; Halldorsson, ArniThe Swedish construction industry generates more than 150 000 tonnes of plastic waste annually, and only 0.8-2.5 percent of this waste is recycled. A wide variety of plastic types complicates sorting and processing procedures, the low density of plastic materials leads to costly waste transportation, and the project-based nature of the industry implies temporary geographically dispersed plastic waste flows. While these barriers are commonly mentioned in previous research, there are many more reasons behind the low resource efficiency of construction plastic waste. This study was conducted together with the Swedish construction company NCC, to identify circular service opportunities enabling improved resource efficiency of construction plastic waste through mechanical recycling. First, by interviewing people with experience from the construction plastic value chain, six types of services enabling plastic recycling could be found and 113 barriers hindering the provision of these services could be presented in six categories. Further, ideas on how actors can collaborate better to increase the plastic recycling rate were identified through a concept mapping process and could be categorized into eight clusters, representing collaborative actions. Leveraging perspectives of collaboration complexity and service system maturity, eight service system designs were proposed that could enable collaborative actions in practice. A service ecosystem perspective was employed to highlight interdependencies between collaborative actions and suggest a pathway of service designs. Finally, through interviews with digital construction specialists, a knowledge gap was found with respect to how digital solutions could be used to improve plastic waste management. To increase the recycling rate of construction plastic waste, it is suggested that actors consider the proposed service systems to explore solutions with external actors.
- PostCompetition and Merger Management in the European Union A study in Antitrust cases against Multi-sided Platforms(2023) Schmidt, Chatchano; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för teknikens ekonomi och organisation; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Technology Management and Economics; Bohlin, Erik; Bohlin, ErikMulti-sided platforms are becoming an increasingly integral part of our everyday lives, with large companies like Google and Microsoft being some of the most well-known. The U.S. based companies Alphabet, Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Microsoft constitute half of the world’s ten most valuable companies at the moment. Such size comes with a lot of power and responsibility and multi-sided platforms have had a series of quarrels with the law for misusing their power. Antitrust laws in particular are one set of laws that multi-sided platforms, perhaps unsurprisingly, have continuously violated. The aim of this report is to study how the European competition authorities have evaluated competition and mergers against multi-sided platforms. Furthermore, the study aims to provide an overview on the EU with brief remarks on the U.S. as well as provide brief remarks on potential future implications within this field. The empirical findings that were derived from studying the cases were compared to literature on platforms and antitrust. The findings indicate a clear shift in the nature of the cases that can be correlated to the growth of multi-sided platforms. The cases in the EU become more severe as time progresses and the multi-sided platforms grow to become more dominant. It can also be seen that there is a similarity in the cases in both the EU and the U.S. but that the approaches in the two jurisdictions have some key differences, mainly with a slight bias towards the EU being stricter. Another key insight is that Antitrust law has not been able to keep up with multi-sided platforms both because their growth has been so rapid but also because the longer-term implications of these platforms are incredibly difficult to assess. Only recently, antitrust law is seemingly catching up but the exact strategy of how to move forward with regulating multi-sided platforms remains somewhat of a mystery. On the one hand innovation of multi-sided platforms undeniably creates value for consumers but on the other hand, impeding competition might be negative for consumers in the long term. Recently the notion of customer harm has also creeped into the discussion. The study concludes by acknowledging this dilemma as well as highlighting the importance of legislators to be educated on the impact of platforms and designing well balanced future regulations.
- PostImplementing video consultation between healthcare providers What to consider for successful implementation(2023) Hansson, Edvin; Oskarsson, Edvin; Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för teknikens ekonomi och organisation; Chalmers University of Technology / Department of Technology Management and Economics; Hellström, Andreas; Gyllenhammar, DanielIn the coming years, the Swedish healthcare system will undergo a transformation to increase accessibility, proximity, and efficiency of care, named Good quality, local healthcare. The proposed transformation involves a heavier emphasis on primary care, and digital health innovations and tools are believed to be a central component. At the orthopedic emergency department at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, implementation of synchronous video consultations (VCs) between primary care health centers have been initiated. The purpose with the implementation was to improve the referral process by making specialist competence more available for the health centers, facilitating the steering of patients to the right care level. Several initiatives aiming at implementing video consultation between healthcare providers have been taken in Sweden, but few have reached full scale implementation or been sustained. This thesis investigates video consultations between specialists and other healthcare providers to increase understanding of what to consider for successful implementation of VCs. Further, the thesis also examines in what way the consultations influence Good quality, local healthcare. The study uses semi-structured interviews with people with first-hand experience from projects where VCs between specialists and other healthcare providers were being tested or implemented. The data is analyzed though thematic analysis, and the findings are compared to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. The findings imply that the VCs studied positively influence Good quality, local healthcare, although specifying the influence on a detailed level appears difficult. Understanding the effect on the dimensions of Good quality, local healthcare of a specific VC implementation could facilitate receiving funding and support, proving the relative advantage of the implementation, determining purpose and metrics, and motivating personnel by demonstrating the benefits. Additionally, 38 considerations for implementation of VCs were found. Ten categories summarize all the considerations: 1) Resistance to change 6) Measurement of improvement 2) Motivation and engagement 7) Information, education, and support personnel 3) Organizational design 8) Project scale-up 4) User-friendliness of technical set-up 9) Financials 5) Confidentiality and privacy 10) Process design The identified considerations can be used by personnel aiming to implement VCs as a checklist to help identify potentially critical aspects of the implementation of VCs between specialists and other healthcare providers. The research findings complement the CFIR by guiding language and illuminating considerations specific to VC projects, as well as generate a basis for future research and improvement of implementation efforts of video consultations between healthcare providers.