Comparison of the environmental impact of alternative flue gas cleaning systems
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Typ
Examensarbete för masterexamen
Program
Innovative and sustainable chemical engineering (MPISC), MSc
Publicerad
2020
Författare
Nilsson, Jacob
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
ISSN
Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
When municipal solid waste is incinerated, there are many pollutants that needs to
be removed from the flue gas due to environmental or health-related considerations.
To do this, several different technologies can be used. The aim of this study is to
investigate these options from an environmental standpoint and compare them to
see which has the lowest impacts. An LCA was performed on five different system
configurations; dry + wet, dry, wet, wet with H2SO4 recycling, and wet with CaCl2
recycling. The inventory data used to calculate the material requirements and emissions
was based on information provided by a Swedish waste incineration facility.
The impacts of these five scenarios were then evaluated based on the categories climate
change, acidification, respiratory inorganics, ozone depletion and human health
effects. The handling of long-term emissions in LCA is also discussed. The results
indicate that the direct emissions of the waste incineration facility play a major role
in all emissions except ozone depletion. If the CaCl2 recycling can be performed,
then that option will have the best environmental impact in all categories. Otherwise,
the technology with least environmental impact is a combined system with
both dry and wet technologies.
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
Municipal solid waste incineration , air pollution control , acid gas treatment , life cycle assessment , long-term emissions