Energioptimering av HVAC-system i större passagerarfartyg

Abstract

HVAC ( Heating, Ventilation, Air Condition) play an important role in passenger ferries and cruise ships, where indoor air quality and temperature need to be controlled for the comfort of passengers as well as crew. As HVAC-systems are designed to deliver large air volumes, often at significant temperature differences compared to the outside air, these systens are highly energy consuming. The increased environmental awareness and rising oil prices of the last decades has sparked a growing interest in energy conservation, but despite a rapid progress in recent years, HVAC-systems are still inefficient and expensive to operate and maintain. This holds true even more, perhaps, for marine HVAC applications, as these face substantially different challenges than their land-based counterparts. Apart from problems with corrosion due to seawater or salt-laden air, and material stress brought on by rough seas, ships can experience extrem changes in weather conditions in a matter of days. Ships also suffer consoderable heat losses, as large areas of steel hull are exposed to the outside. In conclusion it is of great interest to lower the energy consumption without compromising the thermal comfort or indoor air quality. This report aims to investigate the possibilities of energy optimising of HVAC-systems and related equipment in large passenger vessels by studying optimising methods used in HVAC applications outside the marine sector, and theoretically applying these metods on the HVAC-system of the large passenger liner Stena Scandinavia in traffic between Sweden and Germany.