Design and Implementation of a Scalable Battery Management System
Typ
Examensarbete för masterexamen
Program
Publicerad
2020
Författare
Sathyamoorthi, Guhan Raj
Mubanda, Talemwa Semanda
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
ISSN
Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
Our society is facing significant challenges due to accelerated climatic change brought by
increased carbon emissions (from cars, industries and power generation) leading to global
warming. According to the 2018 Transport and Environment report on carbon emissions
(CO2 EMISSIONS FROM CARS: the facts), the transport sector is Europe’s single biggest
source of carbon emissions contributing 27% of the European Union’s total carbon emissions
with cars and vans representing more than two thirds of this percentage. Therefore, vehicle
electrification is of utmost importance to provide an alternative to fossil fuel driven (internal
combustion engine) vehicles. Improved technology coupled with tightened emissions legislation
has continuously driven costs of vehicle electrification down making electric vehicles
more accessible.
Battery electric vehicles mostly run on Lithium-ion batteries which have high battery capacity,
very low memory effect and long lifetime. Battery Management Systems (BMS) primarily
monitor lithium-ion cells for such parameters as voltage, current, temperature and battery
states (e.g. state of; charge, health, function and power) to ensure that the batteries are
safely utilised. Poor management of cell voltage, cell temperature or battery pack current
damages the batteries and endangers the safety of vehicle users.
The major aim of this project is to design and implement a Scalable Battery Management
System (SBMS) for the scalable electric drivetrain of the Generation-3 car platform prototype
at Infotiv AB, Gothenburg, that allows re-usability, reconfiguration and extension rather than
redesign. In this thesis, we analyse the scalability aspects of modular electric vehicle BMSs
and incorporating these aspects in designing a prototype SBMS. In order to ensure a fully
scalable system implementation we apply design layering. In design layering, the scalability of
the BMS design is studied in the topological, functional, hardware and software perspectives.
In addition to technical aspects, we also analyse the cost implications of implementing such
a system.
A SBMS is implemented using a master microcontroller coordinating two module microcontrollers.
Each module micro-controller controls a battery monitor, which in turn monitors
eight cells. The layered design offers high flexibility not only in design and components, but
also in cost estimation. The thesis is arranged as follows: it begins with introduction and
theoretical sections, then design and implementation sections, and finally the analysis and
conclusion sections.
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
Electric Vehicle Batteries , Lithium Ion Battery Pack , Battery Management System , Cost Estimation , Scalability, Layered Design , Scalable Battery Pack , attery State Estimation , Modular Battery Topology