Enhancing Terminal Tractor Operations

Abstract

This masters thesis explores how a digital interface for terminal tractor operators can be designed to improve operational efficiency and safety while reducing cognitive and ergonomic strain. The project was conducted in collaboration with Volvo Penta and followed a user-centered design process inspired by methods from Interaction Design and Human-Computer Interaction.

To understand operator workflows and challenges, the study combined video analysis, heuristic evaluation, interviews, and a focus group. Early insights guided the development of a conceptual prototype, which was iteratively refined and evaluated using scenario-based testing inside an actual terminal tractor. Particular attention was given to balancing intuitive interaction with non-negotiable safety procedures and deciding when to rely on physical versus digital controls.

Key features such as a central Task View and integrated camera system were prioritized based on frequency of use and risk level. The findings underscore the importance of critically defining what is "essential" from an operator’s perspective and how assumptions made early in the process can shape the outcome.

Although limited by the lack of system integration and live driving tests, the study presents valuable insights for designing future operator interfaces in off-highway vehicles. It concludes with suggestions for broader user testing, integration of live data, and the need for cultural adaptation in safety practices.