Improvement of Carry-back Problem on Dumper Body

Abstract

Carry-back in hauler dumper bodies can reduce unloading efficiency and result in material being transported back to the loading area. This thesis investigates potential methods for reducing carry-back, with particular focus on solutions applicable to battery-electric haulers. The work began with an investigation of the carry-back problem and its influencing factors, followed by the development and screening of several solution concepts. Two approaches were selected for further study: a material-based approach involving UHMW-PE liners and geometric modifications, and an energy-based approach involving the heating of selected dumperbody surfaces. The material-based approach was investigated using Discrete Element Method simulations in Altair EDEM, while the energy-based approach was examined through engineering calculations of the required heating energy. The study considers the influence of surface properties, dumper-body geometry, operating conditions, and energy requirements on carry-back reduction. Field observations from an UHMW-PE liner application were also included to provide practical context for the material-based approach. In addition, the energy-based approach was assessed for different heating scenarios, including the potential use of the traction battery in a battery-electric hauler as the energy source. The findings provide a basis for comparing material-based and energy-based concepts and for identifying requirements for their continued development and validation.