Brain–computer interface for autonomous vehicles: An investigation of a hands-free control system
Typ
Examensarbete för masterexamen
Program
Complex adaptive systems (MPCAS), MSc
Publicerad
2019
Författare
Kowalska, Kamila
Modellbyggare
Tidskriftstitel
ISSN
Volymtitel
Utgivare
Sammanfattning
Brain–computer interfaces have been a subject of growing interest in recent years
and devices measuring brainwave activity are being used within vehicles for evaluating
attentiveness and detecting steering intentions. Implementation of such an
interface for vehicle control is the main focus of this thesis.
In this work, a novel EEG-based interface supported by eye tracking is investigated
in a vehicle control application. The proposed solution merges algorithms utilized
in autonomous driving systems with a brain–computer interface based on a P300
response. The control method introduces target following rather than directional
steering as a principle of BCI driving, potentially simplifying control and reducing
the influence of delay typical for electroencephalography classification.
The interface has been tested by five untrained participants in a simulated laboratory
environment. The testing platform consisted of an OpenBCI EEG headset,
Pupil Labs wearable eye tracker connected to a standard PC unit, and a miniature
robot platform equipped to semi-autonomously maneuver, follow and avoid objects
which served as a controlled vehicle. The participants were asked to perform simple
driving tasks by observing the frontal camera feed on the computer monitor while
their brain response was being recorded and a signal pattern acted as a trigger.
Target marking was realized by tracking the gaze position in the character of a selector,
and a brain response matching a theoretical P300 was interpreted as a will
to interact with the object.
The subjects were interacting with the interface intuitively and were generally able
to complete the tasks. The hardships arose in relation to the measuring equipment,
which was revealed to be of unsatisfactory quality. While the results are very
promising and point to the proposed target-based steering as preferable for BCI
driving, further work is recommended to fully estimate the applicability in a real
world scenario.
Beskrivning
Ämne/nyckelord
brain , computer , interface , EEG , P300 , autonomous , driving , BCI